Zojambula Zosavuta Zomwe Zili Zotchuka Masiku Ano
Kujambula zithunzi zongopeka kwakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri ya zaluso kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndi luso lotha kufotokoza malingaliro ndi malingaliro kudzera mu mawonekedwe, mtundu, ndi kapangidwe kake, popanda kufunikira zinthu zenizeni, zojambulajambula zongopeka zimapatsa ojambula ufulu wopanda malire wodziwonetsera. M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, mitundu ingapo ya zojambulajambula zongopeka yatuluka ndipo yatchuka. Nkhaniyi iwunikanso mitundu ina yotchuka kwambiri ya zojambulajambula zongopeka masiku ano.
1. Chidule cha Jiyometri
Kujambula zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a geometric kumayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a geometric monga mabwalo, ma triangles, ma sikweya, ndi mizere yowongoka kuti apange mawonekedwe osamveka bwino. Mtundu nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito molondola kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe ake akhale oyera komanso okonzedwa bwino.
Ojambula otchuka monga Piet Mondrian ndi Kazimir Malevich anali oyamba kupanga kalembedwe kameneka. Komabe, m'nthawi yamakono, ojambula ngati Peter Halley ndi Sarah Morris adasintha njira imeneyi mwa kuyambitsa zinthu kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha anthu otchuka komanso zomangamanga za m'mizinda.
2. Chidule cha Kufotokozera Mawu
Kufotokozera mwachidule ndi kalembedwe kojambula komwe kamalimbikitsa kufotokozera malingaliro mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu, mawonekedwe, ndi kapangidwe kake mwaufulu. Kalembedwe kameneka nthawi zambiri kamagwiritsa ntchito maburashi amphamvu ndi mitundu yolimba kuti iwonetse mphamvu ndi kuyenda.
Jackson Pollock, ndi njira yake yojambulira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito madontho, ndi munthu wodziwika bwino pa nkhani yofotokoza zinthu mopanda nzeru. Kalembedwe kameneka kakupitirizabe kusintha ndi akatswiri amakono monga Gerhard Richter, omwe amaphatikiza njira zachikhalidwe ndi zoyeserera zatsopano pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zofalitsira nkhani.
3. Chidule cha Minimalist
Mosiyana ndi njira yowonetsera zinthu mwachisawawa, njira yochepetsera zinthu mwachisawawa inkafuna kuti zaluso zikhale zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Cholinga chachikulu chinali pa mitundu yosavuta komanso mitundu yochepa.
Ojambula monga Agnes Martin ndi Donald Judd amadziwika ndi ntchito zawo zochepa. M'zaka khumi zapitazi, zojambula zochepa chabe zayambiranso, ndipo ojambula monga Ellsworth Kelly ndi Yayoi Kusama akupanga ntchito zoyera komanso zokongola kwambiri.
4. Chidule cha Biomorphic
Kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yachilengedwe yomwe imafanana ndi mitundu yachilengedwe monga zomera ndi nyama. Ngakhale kuti ntchitozi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mgwirizano ndi chilengedwe ndi zamoyo.
Ojambula monga Jean Arp ndi Joan Miró anali olimbikitsa kwambiri kalembedwe kameneka. Zojambulajambula za biomorphic zikadali zofunikabe masiku ano, ndipo ojambula amakono monga Ernesto Neto akuphatikiza zinthu zolumikizirana komanso zoyika.
5. Chidule cha Digito
Mu nthawi ya digito, zaluso zosamveka bwino zafalikira kupitirira kansalu yachikhalidwe. Kujambula zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito digito kumagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa makompyuta popanga ntchito zopangidwa ndi digito. Mtundu uwu wa zaluso umalola zovuta zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzikwaniritsa ndi dzanja la munthu, ndikupanga zithunzi zatsatanetsatane komanso zogwirizana.
Ojambula monga Refik Anadol, yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito big data popanga zithunzi zowoneka bwino, ndi Eva Papamargariti, yemwe amafufuza nkhani za digito kudzera mu makanema ndi ma installation, ndi zitsanzo za ojambula amakono omwe apambana kufufuza zaluso za digito.
6. Mtundu Wosamveka
Kalembedwe aka kakugogomezera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu ngati chinthu chachikulu. Mawonekedwe ndi mzere nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachiwiri, ndipo mtundu umalamulira kapangidwe kake konse. Lingaliro ili linalimbikitsidwa koyamba ndi ojambula monga Mark Rothko ndi Barnett Newman.
Mu chitukuko chamakono, ojambula monga Ellsworth Kelly ndi Brice Marden akupitiriza kufufuza kuthekera kowonetsa mtundu mu zaluso zosamveka. Kuphatikiza kogwirizana ndi kusiyana kwa mitundu kwakukulu ndizo zokopa zazikulu za ntchito zawo.
7. Chidule cha Kapangidwe
Kujambula ndi kalembedwe komwe kamagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kake ngati chinthu chachikulu popanga kukula ndi kuzama kwa zojambula. Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina monga mchenga, nsalu, kapena zinthu zina kuti chithunzicho chikhale ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komanso olemera.
Ojambula monga Antoni Tàpies ndi Anselm Kiefer amadziwika chifukwa cha kuyesa kwawo kapangidwe kake. M'nthawi yamakono, ojambula ngati Sterling Ruby ndi Tara Donovan amakulitsa lingaliro ili pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamafakitale popanga ntchito zaluso zokhala ndi kapangidwe kake.
8. Chidule Chamakono
Kujambula zithunzi zamakono ndi luso lomwe limasintha nthawi zonse lomwe silimangokhala pa kalembedwe kapena njira imodzi yokha. Ojambula omwe ali mu gululi nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza zinthu kuchokera ku kalembedwe kameneka kuti apange ntchito zapadera komanso zatsopano.
Ojambula zithunzi monga Julie Mehretu ndi Mark Bradford amadziwika ndi luso lawo lojambula zovuta za dziko lamakono pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zongopeka. Amaphatikiza njira zachikhalidwe ndi zipangizo zamakono ndi malingaliro kuti apange ntchito zomwe zikuwonetsa zenizeni za chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndale, ndi chikhalidwe.
Mapeto
Masitayilo odziwika bwino a zojambula zosamveka masiku ano akuwonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu mu njira ndi malingaliro. Kuyambira kuzithunzi zojambulidwa bwino mpaka kuzithunzi zojambulidwa bwino, kalembedwe kalikonse kamapereka njira yapadera yofotokozera malingaliro ndi malingaliro. Kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndi zatsopano zikupitilizabe kusintha mawonekedwe a zaluso zosamveka, ndikutsegulira njira ojambula kuti afufuze malire a luso lawo.
Zojambulajambula zongopeka sizimangokhala zofunikira zokha komanso zimakhalabe njira yosinthika komanso yosinthasintha kwa ojambula amakono. Ufulu woperekedwa ndi zojambula zongopeka umalola ojambula kufotokoza malingaliro awo m'njira zomwe sizingatheke ndi mitundu ina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale gawo lofunika kwambiri la dziko la zaluso lomwe limasintha nthawi zonse.
