Te Mārama ki te Pūnaha Whakaputa Uri i roto i ngā Ngeru
Kua roa ngā ngeru e hiahia ana ki te tangata, me tōna āhua ngaro me te motuhake. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga kāore i te tino mōhiotia, engari he tino whakamīharo o ēnei mea hanga ko tō rātou pūnaha whakaputa uri. Mā te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga uaua o te whakaputa uri o ngā ngeru ka taea te whakarato i ngā māramatanga nui ki ō rātou whanonga, ngā matea hauora, me te whakahaere taupori. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga te hanganga tinana, te āhua tinana, me ngā whanonga whakaputa uri o ngā ngeru, e whakamārama ana i ngā mea e tupu ana i te wā o te huringa whakaputa uri me ōna pānga ki ngā kaipupuri ngeru me ngā rata kararehe.
Tirohanga Whānui o te Anatomi
He rerekē te pūnaha whakaputa uri o ngā ngeru toa me ngā ngeru uwha, he mea whakarite kia rite ki ō rāua tūranga i roto i te tukanga whakaputa uri.
Ngā Ngeru Uwha (Kuīni)
Kei roto i te pūnaha whakaputa uri wahine ngā ovaries, ngā oviducts, te kōpū, te cervix, te tenetene, me te vulva.
– Ngā whekau hua manu: Kei te taha o ngā whatukuhu, ka whakaputahia e ngā whekau hua manu (ova) me ngā homoni pēnei i te estrogen me te progesterone. Ka whakahaeretia e ēnei homoni te huringa whakaputa uri me te hapūtanga.
– Ngā ngongo hua manu: E mōhiotia ana ko ngā ngongo fallopian, ka haria e ēnei ngongo angiangi te hua manu mai i ngā ovaries ki te kōpū.
– Kōpū: He okana āhua-Y te wāhi e whakatōngia ai ngā hua kua whakatōkia, ā, e whanake ana hei punua ngeru. Ko ngā haona kōpū te wāhi e piri ai, e tipu ai hoki ngā kukune.
– Te pūkahukahu: Ko te wāhanga whaiti, o raro o te kōpū e anga atu ana ki te tara.
– Te tara: Ko te awa uaua e hono ana i te kaki o te kōpū ki te ira tangata o waho (vulva).
– Vulva: Ko te wāhanga o waho o te ira wahine.
Ngā Ngeru Tāne (Ngā Tom)
Ko te pūnaha whakaputa uri tāne he mea tito i ngā whakamātautau, ngā epididymis, ngā vas deferens, te urethra, te ure, me ngā repe tāpiri.
– Ngā whakamātautau: Kei roto i te kiriuhi whekau, ka whakaputahia e ngā whakamātautau te parāoa me te testosterone.
– Epididymis: He ngongo pōkai te wāhi e pakeke ai, e rongoa ai hoki te parāoa.
– Vas deferens: Ka kawe i te parāoa pakeke mai i te epididymis i te wā e puta ai te huahua.
– Urethra: He ngongo e kawe ana i te mimi me te purapura tāne ki waho o te tinana mā te ure.
– Ure: Kei roto ngā taratara e whakaoho ana i te whakaputanga hua i roto i te kuini i te wā e moe ana.
– Ngā repe tāpiri: Ka whakaputa i te wai purapura hei whāngai me te kawe i te parāoa.
Te Huringa Estrous
Ka pāngia ngā ngeru uwha e te huringa whakawhānau, e kiia ana ko te "whakawhānau." He maha ngā wāhanga o tēnei huringa hei whakarite i te kuīni mō te moepuku, te whakamomona, me te haputanga.
1. Proestrus: Ko tēnei wāhanga tuatahi, e 1-2 ngā rā te roa, ka nui ake te mahi me te whanonga aroha. Tērā pea ka tīmata ngā kuīni ki te reo nui ake me te rapu aro, engari kāore anō kia aro mai ki te moepuku.
2. Estrus: Ko te roanga o te wā wera tūturu he 4-10 ngā rā. I tēnei wā, ka whakaatu te kuīni i ngā tohu mārama o te rite ki te moe tāne, tae atu ki te reo nui ake, te kore e marino, te whanonga aroha nui ake, me te tango i te tūranga lordosis (te whakaara ake i ngā waewae o muri). Mena ka moe tāne, ka puta te whakaputa uri.
3. Interestrus (mēnā kāore e moe tahi): Ki te kore te kuīni e moe tahi, ka uru ia ki tētahi wā poto o te kore aro, e 1-2 wiki pea i mua i te hokinga atu ki te proestrus.
4. Diestrus: Ki te puta te whakaputanga hua me te whakamomona, ka tomo te kuīni ki te diestrus, te wāhi e hapu ai. Ki te puta te whakaputanga hua me te kore e whakamomona, ka taea e te kuīni te hapu rūpahu mō te 30-40 rā.
5. Anestrus: Ka puta tēnei wā kore mahi ā-ira i te ngahuru me te takurua ina poto ake ngā hāora o te rā, ka pā ki te hanga homoni.
Te Whakaipoipo me te Hapūtanga
E kiia ana ngā ngeru he kaiwhakatupu hua manu i whakaohohia, arā, ka puta te hua manu i muri i te moepuku. Ka whakaoho te ure taratara o te tāne i te ara whakaputa uri o te kuīni, ka puta ai ngā hua manu. Mā tēnei tikanga ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whakatō hua manu angitu.
He poto noa te moepuku, he torutoru hēkona ki te meneti noa iho te roa. Heoi, ka moe pea ngā kuīni me ngā tāne maha i roto i ētahi rā, he whanonga e mōhiotia ana ko te superfecundation, ka hua ake he uri me ngā pāpā maha.
Te Hapūtanga me te Whānautanga
E 63-65 ngā rā e hapu ana ngā ngeru. I tēnei wā, ka kitea ngā panonitanga o te kuīni:
– Ngā Huringa Whanoke: Tērā pea ka nui ake te aroha o ngā kuīni e hapu ana, ka nui ake rānei te noho mokemoke.
– Ngā Huringa Tinana: I te haere tonu o te haputanga, ka nui haere te puku o te kuīni, ā, ka kitea nuitia, ka māwhero haere ngā uma.
– Ngā Hiahia Kai: Te pikinga ake o te hiahia kai me ngā hiahia kai hei tautoko i ngā kukune e tipu ana.
I te whakatatanga mai o te whānautanga, arā, te tukanga whānautanga, ka rapu pinepine ngā kuini i ngā wāhi marino, motuhake hei whānau. Ko te tukanga whānautanga, arā, te kuinitanga, he raupapa o ngā mamae e āwhina ana i te whānautanga o ngā punua ngeru. E toru ngā wāhanga o te wāhanga whānau:
1. Wāhanga i mua i te whānautanga: Ka noho pōrearea te kuīni, ā, ka kore pea e kai. Ka piki ake te whanonga kōhanga i a ia e whakarite ana i tētahi wāhi haumaru mō te whānautanga.
2. Te Whānau Kaha: Ka whānau mai ngā punua ngeru i te kaha o te mamae. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whānau ia punua ngeru i ia 10-60 meneti, ahakoa he roa ake pea ētahi wā. Ka horoia e te kuīni ia punua ngeru, ka tapahia te pito o te kōpū.
3. Wāhanga Whai Muri i te Whānautanga: Ka haere tonu te kuīni ki te horoi i ana punua ngeru, ā, ka kai pea i ngā whenua hei oranga mōna.
Te Tiaki i muri i te Whānautanga me te Whakangote
I muri i te whānautanga, ka uru ngā kuini ki te wā whāngai ū hei whāngai i ā rātou punua ngeru ki te waiū e whai kiko ana i ngā matūkai me ngā paturopi nui. He mea nui kia whakarite ngā rangatira he nui te kai me te wai a te kuini hei tautoko i ana hiahia kai kua piki haere i tēnei wā.
Ko te tikanga ka whāngai ngote ngā punua ngeru mō te ono ki te waru wiki i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakawhiti ki te kai mārō. Mai i te whā wiki pea, ka taea e ngā rangatira te whakauru i te paraoa kai punua ngeru me te wai hei āwhina i te tukanga whakamutu i te kai.
Ngā Āwangawanga Hauora Whakaputa Uri
He mea nui te mārama ki te pūnaha whakaputa uri hei tautuhi i ngā raruraru hauora pea o ngā ngeru. Ko ngā āwangawanga noa ko:
– Pyometra: He mate pukupuku e morearea ana ki te ora, e kitea pinepine ana i roto i ngā kuini kua pakeke ake, kāore anō kia whakawhānauhia.
– Te whānautanga uaua, te whānau ā-taumaha rānei: He uaua, he ārai rānei te whānautanga, me āwhina e te rata kararehe.
– Ngā Puku Ū: He nui ake te kitea i roto i ngā uwha kāore anō kia whakawhānauhia, ā, me tirotirohia te hauora i ia wā.
Mō te hunga mangere, ko ngā āwangawanga noa ko:
– Cryptorchidism: Ko te korenga o tētahi, o ngā huakita e rua rānei e heke iho, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku huakita.
– Te mate pūkahukahu: Te mumura o te repe pūkahukahu, he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i te mate pāwera.
Opaniraa
He mea nui te mārama ki te pūnaha whakaputa uri o ngā ngeru kia ora ai rātou. Mai i ngā wāhanga o te huringa whakaputa uri ki ngā āhuatanga uaua o te moepuku, te haputanga, me te tiaki i muri i te whānautanga, he mea nui ia āhuatanga ki te tirohanga ki te momo. Mā te whiwhi māramatanga ki tō rātou āhua whakaputa uri, ka taea e ngā kaipupuri ngeru me ngā rata kararehe te whakahaere pai ake i te whakaputa uri, te aro atu ki ngā take hauora, me te whai wāhi ki te tiaki tika me te whakahaere i te taupori o ā tātou hoa ngeru.
