Tātari Whatunga me Wireshark
He tukanga nui te tātari whatunga rorohiko mō te whakahaere me te tiaki i ngā hanganga hangarau mōhiohio o ēnei rā. I te mea kua piki haere te uaua o ngā hanganga whatunga, kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā taputapu tātari pono me te whai hua. Ko tētahi o ngā taputapu rongonui mō te tātari whatunga ko Wireshark, he pūmanawa tuwhera kaha, whai hua hoki. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga a Wireshark, ōna āhuatanga, me pēhea te whakamahi mō te tātari whatunga.
He aha te Wireshark?
He pūmanawa tātari mōkihi whatunga tuwhera a Wireshark e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te hopu me te tātari taipitopito i ngā waka whatunga. I hangaia e Gerald Combs i te tau 1998, i mua ko Wireshark te ingoa ko Ethereal. Mā Wireshark, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tiro i ia mōkihi raraunga e haere ana i roto i te whatunga, e āhei ai rātou ki te tirotiro i ngā take mahi whatunga, te kite i ngā takahi haumarutanga, me te mārama ki te mahi a ngā momo kawa whatunga.
Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Painga o Wireshark
1. Tātaritanga Hōhonu:
Ka taea e Wireshark te tātari i ngā rau o ngā kawa whatunga rerekē, ā, ka whakahoutia tonutia e tōna hapori kaiwhakawhanake. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tautuhi me te tātari i ia mōkihi raraunga e haere ana i roto i te whatunga.
2. Kohikohi Raraunga Tika:
Ka taea e Wireshark te hopu i ngā raraunga whatunga i te wā tūturu, i te wā tūturu hoki. Ka taea te tiaki me te arotake i ngā raraunga kua hopukina i muri mai, ka nui te ngāwari o te whakamahi a ngā kaiwhakamahi.
3. Atanga Kaiwhakamahi Hoa:
Ahakoa te whakaatu i ngā raraunga hangarau me te taipitopito, kua hangaia te atanga kaiwhakamahi a Wireshark kia ngāwari ki te whakamahi me ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā tātari e taea ai e ngā kaiwhakamahi te wehe me te tātari i ngā mōkihi motuhake.
4. Tātari Kaha:
He tino kaha ngā āheinga tātari a Wireshark, e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te arotahi ki ngā huinga motuhake o te hokohoko whatunga e pā ana ki te raruraru e tirotirohia ana.
5. Hapori me ngā Rauemi:
Hei taputapu pūtake tuwhera, e tautokona ana a Wireshark e tētahi hapori nui, hohe hoki e tuku ana i ngā tuhinga kore utu, ngā akoranga, me te tautoko.
Te Mahi a Wireshark
Hei whakamahi i a Wireshark, ko te taahiraa tuatahi ko te tāuta i te pūmanawa ki tō rorohiko. Kia tāutahia, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te whiriwhiri i te atanga whatunga e hiahia ana rātou ki te aroturuki me te tīmata ki te hopu i ngā mōkihi raraunga. Kātahi ka whakaatuhia e Wireshark ngā mōkihi raraunga katoa i hopukina ki roto i tētahi ripanga. Ko ia rarangi o tēnei ripanga e tohu ana i tētahi mōkihi raraunga kotahi, ā, kei roto ngā mōhiohio taketake pēnei i te wā, te pūtake, te ūnga, te kawa, me ngā mōhiohio poto mō ngā ihirangi o te mōkihi.
Ngā Hipanga Taketake hei Whakamahi i a Wireshark
1. Tāutanga:
Kāore he utu mō te tango i a Wireshark mai i te paetukutuku mana o Wireshark (https://www.wireshark.org). He tino māmā te tāutanga, ā, e wātea ana mō ngā tūāpapa maha, tae atu ki a Windows, macOS, me Linux.
2. Tīpakohia te Atanga:
Kia oti te tāutanga, whakatuwheratia a Wireshark ka tīpako i te atanga whatunga e hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi mō te hopu pākete. Ka whakaatuhia e Wireshark he rārangi o ngā atanga e wātea ana i runga i tō pūrere.
3. Te Tīmatanga o te Hopu:
Kia oti te tīpako i te atanga, pāwhiritia te pātene "Tīmata" hei tīmata i te tukanga hopu mōkihi. I a tēnei tukanga e mahi ana, ka hopukina e Wireshark ngā mōkihi raraunga katoa e haere ana i roto i te atanga kua tīpakohia.
4. Te Whakamahi i ngā Tātari:
I te nui o ngā raraunga e kohia ana, ko te whakamahi i ngā tātari te huarahi pai rawa atu hei tātari i ngā waka e kore e hiahiatia. Ka taea te tuhi i ngā tātari i roto i te whakatakotoranga māmā, i te whakamahi rānei i tētahi reo tātari uaua ake.
5. Tātaritanga Mōkihi:
Kia oti te hopu i tētahi mōkihi, ka taea e Wireshark te pāwhiri-rua i tētahi mōkihi motuhake hei tiro i ngā taipitopito hōhonu. Ka whakaratohia e te matapihi taipitopito mōkihi ngā mōhiohio taipitopito e kapi ana i ngā paparanga katoa o te tauira OSI.
Akoranga Take: Te Whakatau Rapanga me Wireshark
Hei tauira mahi, me kī kei te raru tetahi kaiwhakahaere whatunga i te puhoi rawa o te tango i ngā kōnae i runga i te whatunga umanga. Hei tautuhi i te pūtake, ka taea te whakamahi i a Wireshark:
1. Hopu i te Waka:
Ka tīmata te kaiwhakahaere i a Wireshark, ka tīpako i te atanga e pā ana ki te wāhanga whatunga raruraru. Muri iho, ka tīmata te hopu i ngā waka mō ētahi meneti.
2. Te Whakamahi i ngā Tātari:
Mā te whakamahi i tētahi tātari pēnei i te `ip.addr == 192.168.1.100` (me tētahi IP motuhake e mōhiotia ana e pā ana ki te raruraru), ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te arotahi i te tātari ki ngā rorohiko raruraru.
3. Tātarihia ngā Mōkihi:
Ka tirotirohia e ngā kaiwhakahaere ngā mōkihi e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha kōnae, ki ngā kawa tango rānei. Hei tauira, ki te whakamahi te tūmau i te FTP, ka tātarihia e ngā kaiwhakahaere ngā mōkihi mā te `ftp` ka tātarihia te raupapa o aua mōkihi.
4. Te Tāutu i te Raru:
Ina tirohia, tera pea ka kitea he maha ngā tuku anō e tohu ana i tētahi raruraru whatunga tūturu, i tētahi raruraru rānei ki te ara TCP.
Wireshark i roto i te Haumarutanga Whatunga
Haunga te rapurongoā, he tino whai hua hoki a Wireshark mō te haumarutanga whatunga. Hei tauira, ko te kimi i ngā whakaeke DoS, i ngā nganatanga urutomo rānei, ka taea te tautuhi mā te whakamahi i ngā tauira rere rerekē me ngā mōkihi kino. Mā te tātari i ngā rere mō ngā hapa, ngā kawa rerekē rānei, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga te tautuhi me te aro atu ki ngā tūmomo riri i mua i te kino o te pūnaha.
Whakamutunga
He taputapu tātari whatunga kaha a Wireshark, e āhei ana ki te hopu me te tātari i ngā waka whatunga me ngā taipitopito whakamiharo. Me ngā āhuatanga whānui pēnei i ngā tātari kaha, he atanga ngāwari ki te whakamahi, me te tautoko hapori whānui, he pai a Wireshark mō ngā mahi maha, mai i te rapu raruraru ki te haumarutanga whatunga. He painga nui te mōhio ki a Wireshark mō tētahi tohunga hangarau mōhiohio, e whakarato ana i te māramatanga hohonu ki te mahi a tā rātou whatunga me pēhea te rapu raruraru i ngā raruraru ka puta.
