Ngā Mātāpono Hoahoa Hanganga mō ngā Whare Tari
He tukanga nui te hoahoa hanganga o ngā whare tari e whakatau ana i te taumata o te haumaru, te whakamarie, te whai huatanga, me te roa o te ora o tētahi whare. He rerekē ki ngā whare noho, he whānui ake ngā whānuitanga o ngā whare tari, e hiahia ana kia nui ake te ngāwari o te wāhi, ā, he nui hoki ngā taumata whakamahinga. Nō reira, me whai whakaaro ngā mātāpono hoahoa hanganga ki te huinga o ngā whakaritenga hoahoa, ngā pūnaha miihini, hiko, me te putorino (MEP), te mahi rū whenua me te hau, tae atu ki te hanganga me te utu.
Ko ngā mātāpono matua e whai ake nei hei tūāpapa mō te hoahoa i ngā hanganga whare tari.
1. Ko te haumaru te kaupapa matua
Ko te kaupapa matua o te hoahoa hanganga ko te haumaru. Me kaha te hanganga ki te tautoko i ngā kawenga e pā ana ki a ia i te wā e ora ana, me te kore e hinga. Kei roto i tēnei haumaru ngā āhuatanga kawenga noa (ngā kawenga mate me ngā kawenga ora) me ngā kawenga tino nui pērā i ngā rū whenua, ngā hau nui, te ahi rānei.
I roto i te horopaki o ngā whare tari, ko te tikanga o te haumaru ko te whakarite kia mau tonu te whakamahinga o ngā ara whakawātea i muri i tētahi aituā, inā koa mō ngā whare waenga ki te teitei. Nō reira, me whiriwhiri e ngā kaiwhakamahere ngā pūnaha hanganga me te taurite (ngā ara rerekē mō te tohatoha kaha) kia kore ai te hinganga o tētahi wāhanga kotahi e arahi tonu ki te hinga haere.
2. Te mārama ki te mahi me ngā hiahia o te wāhi tari
Kāore e taea te wehe i te hoahoa hanganga mai i te mahi a te whare. He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he wāhi tuwhera (mahere tuwhera) mō ngā whare tari kia ngāwari ai te whakarerekē i ngā whakaritenga o te tēpu me te wehewehe. Nō reira, ka nui ake pea ngā whānuitanga o ngā kurupae me ngā papa i ērā o ngā whare noho, ā, ka nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te pakari me te whakahaere i te piko.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko ngā whare tari e hiahia ana ki ngā wāhi motuhake pēnei i ngā rūma tūmau, ngā pūranga, ngā tomokanga nui, ngā rūma hui nui, tae atu ki ngā wharekai, ngā wāhi arumoni rānei. Ko ētahi o ēnei wāhi he nui ake ngā kawenga ora, he here wiri rānei (hei tauira, ngā rūma tūmau, ngā rūma rānei he taputapu tairongo). Nō reira, mai i te tīmatanga, me whakarite e ngā kaiwhakamahere te pūnaha hanganga ki te kaupapa wāhi.
3. Momo kawenga me te huinga kawenga
Me hoahoa ngā hanganga whare tari kia tu atu ki ētahi momo kawenga:
1. Kawenga mate: te taumaha-ake o te hanganga (ngā pereti, ngā kurupae, ngā pou, ngā pakitara), ngā whakaotinga o te papa, ngā tuanui, ngā mata o mua me ētahi atu wāhanga tuturu.
2. Utauta ora: utauta noho, tāonga whare, taputapu tari, me ngā utauta rangitahi.
3. Ngā kawenga rū whenua: ngā kaha taha me ngā pānga hihiri nā te whakaterenga o te whenua.
4. Te taumahatanga o te hau: te kaha taha, inā koa mō ngā whare teitei he whānui ngā mata o mua.
5. Ngā kawenga motuhake: ngā kawenga mai i ngā tāke wai, ngā miihini (ngā pouaka whakamatao, ngā whakaputa hiko), ngā papa taunga rererangi (mēnā he mea kei roto), tae atu ki ngā kawenga nā ngā huringa o te pāmahana, te whakahekenga me te ngokingoki rānei i roto i te raima.
Kāore e taea te mahi takitahi i ngā tataunga kawenga; me whakamahi i tētahi huinga o ngā kawenga e ai ki ngā paerewa e tika ana. Ko te whāinga o tēnei huinga he whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga tino nui, kia tika ai te tauwehenga haumaru o te hanganga.
4. Te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha hanganga tika
Ko te pūnaha hanganga te mea e whakatau ana i te whakawhiti o ngā kaha poutū me ngā kaha taha ki te turanga. I roto i ngā whare tari, ko ngā pūnaha noa ko:
– Anga ātete-auau: He mea ātaahua ngā pou me ngā kurupae kia tū atu ki ngā au o te rū whenua/hau. He pai mō te ngāwari o te wāhi, engari me whai i ngā rahinga huānga e tika ana.
– Ngā pakitara kutikuti: he wāhanga poutū pēnei i ngā pakitara raima whakapakari e ātete ana i ngā kaha taha. Ka taea te whakanoho ki roto i ngā pūtake ararewa me ngā arawhata kia kore ai e takahi i te wāhi rīhitia.
– Pūnaha takirua: he huinga o ngā anga nekehanga me ngā pakitara kutikuti; he maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria mō ngā whare maha-papa nā te mea ka taurite te ngāwari me te pakari.
– Tautoko maitai: he whakakeke whakarara i roto i ngā hanganga maitai hei whakanui ake i te pakari taha, kia whai hua ai, kia tere ai hoki te whakamahi.
Ko te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha ka pāngia e te teitei o te whare, ngā āhuatanga rū whenua o te wāhi, ngā hiahia hoahoanga, te wātea o ngā rauemi, ngā tikanga hanga, me ngā utu me ngā whāinga wā.
5. Te pakari, te piko, me te whakamarie o te kaiwhakamahi
Me noho haumaru ngā whare tari, me noho whakamarie hoki. I roto i ngā whare teitei, me whakawhāiti te nekenekehanga i puta mai i te hau, i ngā rū whenua rānei, kia kore ai e pāngia e te mamae, e ngā pakaru o ngā ārai, e te kino rānei o ngā mata o mua. He mea nui rawa te whakahaere i te nekenekehanga nā te mea he māmā noa iho ngā ārai o ngā tari, he tuanui taurite, he mata karaihe hoki e pāngia ana e te huringa.
Haunga te nekenekehanga, me whai whakaaro anō hoki ngā kaiwhakamahere ki ngā wiri o te papa. Ka kore e pai te papa e "pekepeke" rawa ina hikoi te tini o te tangata i runga, i roto rānei i ētahi mahi. Nō reira, he mea nui te tatau i te piko o te papa me te auautanga tūturu o te hoahoa, inā koa mō ngā papa he whānui te whānui.
6. Te ngāwari me te taipitopito ātete-ru whenua
I ngā wāhi e pāngia ana e te rū whenua, ko te mātāpono hoahoa matua ko te ngāwari: te kaha o te hanganga ki te pāngia e ngā whakarerekētanga nui me te kore e ngaro ohorere te kaha. Ka tutuki te ngāwari mā te whiriwhiri i ngā pūnaha ātete rū whenua e tika ana me te taipitopito tika o ngā pūtu whakapakari/whakapiri.
I roto i te raima whakapakari, ko te whakapaipai ātete rū whenua ko te whakatikatika i ngā arai i ngā wāhi hononga kirihou, te whakarato i te whakakaha e tika ana, te mokowā, me te whakahaere i te ōwehenga whakakaha hei ārai i ngā wāhanga pakarukaru. I roto i ngā hanganga maitai, ko te whakapaipai ko te kounga hononga, te kōwhiringa kōtaha, me te whakahaere piko ā-rohe. Ko te whāinga kia whakarite kia ngāwari te tuku i ētahi wāhanga i te wā o te rū whenua nui, i te wā e tū tonu ana te whare, ā, kia taea ai te whakawātea.
7. Te whakaurunga o te hanganga ki te hoahoanga me te MEP
Kei roto i ngā whare tari hou ngā pūnaha MEP: ngā paipa hauhautanga, ngā pūwero wai, ngā paipa wai, ngā paepae taura, me ngā pou poutū. Me hoahoa ngā hanganga kia kore ai e tukinga ki ngā raina MEP, me te whakarato tonu i te wāhi e tika ana mō te tiaki.
Hei tauira, ka taea e te whakamahinga o ngā kurupae teitei te whakararuraru i te wāhi o te tuanui mō ngā paipa. I ētahi wā, ka taea te whiriwhiri i tētahi pūnaha papa papatahi, i tētahi pūnaha kurupae kua whakamātauhia rānei hei whakaiti i te hohonutanga o te hanganga, ahakoa ko te hua o tēnei ko te hiahia kia tika ake te whakahaere kutikuti me ngā taipitopito hononga pou-papa.
He mea nui te mahi tahi a ngā kaihanga hanganga me ngā kaihoahoa mai i te wāhanga ariā kia rite ai te rahi o ngā pou, ngā tūranga matua, me ngā kōwae whatunga ki te wāhi tari kua whakaritea, te wāhi waka o raro whenua, me te āhua o te mata o te whare.
8. Ngā āhuatanga o te turanga me te oneone
Mā te turanga e hono te hanganga o runga ki te whenua. Ko te tikanga, me kaha te turanga ki te whakawhiti haumaru i ngā kawenga me te kore e nui rawa te taunga, te taunga koretake rānei ka kino pea te hanganga. Mō ngā whare tari, ko te momo turanga e whakamahia ana he papaku (he papa waewae, he waka) he hohonu rānei (he puranga, he puranga poka), i runga i te kaha o te oneone me te kawenga o te whare.
He mea nui ngā rangahau hangarau whenua (whakamātautau oneone) hei mārama ki te paparanga oneone, ngā taumata wai whenua, te kaha waimeha, me ngā mōrearea taunga mō te wā roa. Ka pāngia hoki e ēnei raraunga te whakamahere o te rūma raro whenua me ngā tikanga keri, tae atu ki ngā pūnaha pupuri (ngā pou hōia, ngā pakitara diaphragm) mēnā e tika ana.
9. Te āheinga ki te hanga, te whai huatanga o te utu me te pumau
Ehara i te mea he pakari anake te hanganga pai engari he ngāwari hoki te hanga. Ko te āheinga o te hanganga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wātea o ngā rauemi, te kaha o te kaihanga, ngā tikanga whakarewa, whakatū rānei i te maitai, me te whakahaere kounga i te papaanga. Ka taea e ngā hoahoa tino uaua te moumou taima me te moni, ā, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā hapa whakatinanatanga.
Ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i te whai huatanga mā te whakamahi i ngā kōwae whatunga rite tonu, te whakahou i ngā huānga, me te ine ine tino pai. Mai i te tirohanga pumau, ka taea e ngā kaihoahoa te whakaaro ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi iti-tukunga, te arotau i ngā rahinga raima me te maitai, me ngā hoahoa e āhei ai te urutau ā-wāhi ā muri ake nei kia pai ai te mahi a te whare ā muri ake nei.
10. Te whakatutuki i ngā paerewa me te whakahaere kounga
Ko te mātāpono whakamutunga, he rite tonu te hiranga, ko te piri ki ngā ture me ngā paerewa hoahoa e tika ana. Kei roto i ngā paerewa ngā whakaritenga mō te uta, te tātari rū whenua, ngā āhuatanga whakaiti, me ngā taipitopito. Hei tāpiri, me whakatinana te mana kounga mai i te hoahoa tae noa ki te arotake ki te tirotiro hanga. He mea nui ngā tuhi mahi katoa, ngā whakatakotoranga rauemi mārama, me ngā tikanga tirotiro mara hei whakarite kia whakatinanahia ngā mātāpono hoahoa ki roto i tētahi whare tūturu.
Te Katinga
Ko ngā mātāpono hoahoa hanganga mō ngā whare tari e kapi ana i te taurite i waenga i te haumaru, te whakamarie, te whai huatanga, me te whakaurunga whakawhiti-mātauranga. Me kaha ngā hanganga ki te tu atu i ngā kawenga poutū me ngā kawenga taha, me te pakari me te ngāwari e tika ana, me te tautoko i ngā whakaritenga wāhi ngāwari. Mā te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha hanganga tika, te whakahaere i tētahi rangahau oneone hōhonu, me te whakarite i ngā taipitopito ātete rū whenua me te whakahaere kounga, ka taea e ngā whare tari te mahi pai, te haumaru, me te whakarato uara mō te wā roa.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te whakarerekē i tēnei tuhinga kia hāngai ake ki te raima whakapakari me te maitai, ka taea rānei e au te tāpiri i ngā tohutoro SNI e tika ana me ngā tauira o ngā hoahoa pūnaha hanganga mō ngā whare 10–30 papa.
