Ngā Tatauranga mō te Whakahaere
I tēnei ao hou, kua noho ko ngā raraunga hei tetahi o ngā rawa tino nui o tētahi whakahaere. Mā te kaha ki te kohikohi, ki te tātari, me te whakamārama i ngā raraunga ka puta he painga whakataetae nui. I roto i te whakahaere, he mea nui te mahi a ngā tatauranga ki te whakatau kaupapa whai hua e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te tūranga me te hiranga o ngā tatauranga i roto i te whakahaere, me ētahi tono mahi ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakamahi.
Te Mārama ki ngā Tatauranga i roto i te Whakahaere
Ko te tatauranga te pūtaiao o te kohikohi, te tātari, te whakamārama, me te whakaatu raraunga. I roto i te horopaki o te whakahaere, e pā ana te tatauranga ki te whakamahinga o ngā tikanga me ngā tikanga tatauranga hei tautoko i ngā tukanga whakatau i roto i ngā whakahaere. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā āhuatanga maha, mai i te tātari pūtea me te whakahaere rauemi tangata ki te hokohoko me ngā mahi.
Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere e mārama ana, e whakamahi ana hoki i ngā tatauranga ki ā rātou mahi te whakatau pai ake, whai whakaaro hoki, nā te mea e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga tika me te tātari whānui. He rerekē tēnei i te whakatau e whakawhirinaki ana ki te māramatanga, ki te wheako rānei.
Te Hiranga o ngā Tatauranga i roto i te Whakahaere
1. Āwhina ki te whakatau i ngā whakataunga i runga i ngā raraunga
Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o te whakamahi i ngā tatauranga ko te kaha ki te whakatau i ngā whakataunga e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga. Mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga tatauranga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tautuhi i ngā au, ngā tauira, me ngā whanaungatanga i roto i ngā raraunga kāore pea e kitea wawetia. He nui ake te tika o ngā whakataunga e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga, ā, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakaiti i te mōrearea.
2. Te Ine me te Aromatawai i te Mahi
Ka whakamahia ngā tatauranga hei ine me te aromatawai i te mahi a ngā momo āhuatanga o tētahi whakahaere. Hei tauira, ka taea e te tātaritanga hoko te whakarato i ngā māramatanga mō ngā hua, ngā ratonga rānei e tino hokona ana, ngā wā tino hokohoko, me ngā manakohanga a te kiritaki. I roto i ngā rauemi tangata, ka whakamahia ngā tatauranga hei ine i te hua o ngā kaimahi, ngā reiti pupuri kaimahi, me te whai huatanga o ngā kaupapa whakangungu.
3. Whakahaerehia ngā Rauemi me te Whai Hua
He maha ngā wā me tohatoha e ngā kaiwhakahaere ngā rauemi iti hei whakatutuki i ngā whāinga o te whakahaere. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tatauranga pēnei i te tātari whakatautau me te tātari rerekētanga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakatau i ngā āhuatanga e tino awe ana i te mahi me te arotau i te whakamahinga rauemi.
4. Te tautuhi i ngā whai wāhitanga me ngā tūmomo mōrearea
Mā ngā tatauranga ka āwhina i ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te tautuhi i ngā whai wāhitanga me ngā tūmomo mōrearea ka pā mai ki tētahi whakahaere. Mā te tātari raraunga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tautuhi i ngā wāhanga mākete kāore anō kia whakamahia, te whakatau tata i te tono ā-muri, me te kite i ngā raruraru me aro atu i mua i te huri hei raruraru.
5. Whakapai ake i te Tika o te Matapae
I roto i ngā whakataunga pakihi maha, he mea tino nui te kaha ki te matapae i te heke mai. Mā ngā tatauranga ka whakaratohia he taputapu pēnei i te tātari raupapa wā, e whakamahia ana hei hanga matapae tika ake mō ngā hoko, ngā utu, ngā taonga, me ētahi atu.
Ngā Whakamahinga Whaihua o ngā Tatauranga i roto i te Whakahaere
1. Tātari Hoko me te Hokohoko
I roto i te hokohoko, ka whakamahia ngā tatauranga hei tautuhi i ngā mākete ūnga e tika ana, hei mārama ki ngā whanonga a ngā kaihoko, hei aromatawai i te whai huatanga o ngā kaupapa hokohoko, hei matapae hoki i ngā hoko ā muri ake nei. Hei tauira, ka taea e te tātaritanga rōpū te āwhina i te wehewehenga mākete mā te whakarōpū i ngā kaihoko i runga i ngā āhuatanga motuhake.
2. Mana Kounga
I roto i te ahumahi, ka whakamahia ngā tatauranga mō te aroturuki me te whakahaere kounga. Mā ngā tikanga pēnei i te Six Sigma me ngā tūtohi whakahaere ka āwhina kia noho tonu ngā hua me ngā tukanga i roto i ngā paerewa kua whakaritea. He mea nui tēnei hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā hapa hua me te whakanui ake i te makona o ngā kiritaki.
3. Ngā Rauemi Tangata
E whakamahia ana ngā tatauranga i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha o te whakahaere rauemi tangata, mai i te kimi kaimahi ki te whakahaere mahi. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tauira whakamuri hei tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga e awe ana i te hua o ngā kaimahi. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te tātari hononga te āwhina i te aromatawai i te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā taumata whakangungu me te mahi a ngā kaimahi.
4. Pūtea
Ko te tātari raraunga pūtea tētahi o ngā whakamahinga matua o ngā tatauranga i roto i te whakahaere. Kei roto ko te tātari mōrearea, te aromatawai haumi, me te matapae pūtea. Ka whakamahia ngā tikanga pēnei i te tātari whakatautau me ngā whakatauira Monte Carlo hei āwhina i te whakatau haumi pai ake me te whakahaere i ngā mōrearea pūtea kia whai hua ake.
5. Tukanga Whakahaere
I roto i te whakahaere mahi, ka āwhina ngā tatauranga i te whakamahere me te whakahaere tukanga. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia te tātari kaha, te tātari rarangi, me te whakatauira tukanga hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te hua. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia ngā tikanga tatauranga hei aromatawai me te whakapai ake i ngā tukanga pakihi.
Ngā Utauta Tatauranga e Whakamahia Ana i roto i te Whakahaere
1.Microsoft Excel
Ahakoa he māmā noa iho te ahua, he taputapu kaha, he taputapu rongonui hoki a Microsoft Excel i waenga i ngā kaiwhakahaere. He maha ngā mahi me ngā āhuatanga tatauranga a Excel e āwhina ana i te tātari raraunga, te tuhi kauwhata, me te whakatauira raraunga.
2. SPSS (Mōkihi Tatauranga mō ngā Pūtaiao Pāpori)
He pūmanawa whānui te SPSS mō ngā tātaritanga tatauranga uaua ake. Mā te SPSS ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te mahi i ngā tātaritanga tatauranga maha, pērā i te tātari whakatautau, te tātari rerekētanga, me te tātari tauwehenga.
3. R me Python
He reo hōtaka a R me Python e whai rawa ana i ngā whare pukapuka tatauranga, ā, he rongonui hoki i waenga i ngā kaipūtaiao raraunga. E whakarato ana rāua i te ngāwari me te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā raraunga nui me te mahi tātaritanga uaua.
4. SAS (Pūnaha Tātari Tatauranga)
Ko te SAS tētahi atu pūmanawa e whakamahia ana mō te tātari tatauranga me te whakahaere raraunga. He maha ngā whakamahinga o te SAS i roto i ngā rangahau mātauranga me ngā rangahau ahumahi nā te mea he whānui ōna āheinga ki te tātari raraunga me te tuku pūrongo.
5. Papaau
He taputapu whakaatu raraunga kaha a Tableau e āwhina ana i ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakamārama i ngā raraunga i roto i te huarahi e mārama ake ai. Mā Tableau ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te waihanga i ngā papaaho taunekeneke me ngā whakaaturanga māmā.
Whakamutunga
He tūāpapa pakari ngā tatauranga mō ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakatau whakaaro nui ake, kia whai whakaaro nui ake hoki. Mā te mārama me te whakamahi i ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga tatauranga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tautuhi i ngā whai wāhitanga, te whakahaere i ngā mōrearea, me te arotau i te whakamahinga rauemi. Hei tāpiri, mā te mōhio ki ngā tatauranga ka āwhina hoki i te ine me te aromatawai i te mahi whānui a te whakahaere.
I tēnei ao e piki haere ana te whakamahi i ngā raraunga, ko te kaha ki te tātari me te whakamārama raraunga te mea nui ki te angitu o ngā kaiwhakahaere. Nō reira, ehara i te mea he painga noa iho te mōhio ki ngā tatauranga, engari he mea nui anō hoki mō ngā kaiwhakahaere e hiahia ana kia noho whai tikanga, kia whakataetae hoki i roto i tētahi taiao pakihi hihiri.
