Ngā Tatauranga i roto i te Raraunga Nui: Te Tūhura i te Ao Whānui me te Ao Hihiri o ngā Raraunga
I tēnei ao matihiko e tere whanake ana, kua eke te nui o ngā raraunga i whakaputaina e ngā momo puna, mai i ngā pāpāho pāpori me ngā tauhokohoko ī-mēra ki ngā pūoko IoT (Ipurangi o ngā Mea), ki ngā taumata kāore i kitea i mua. Ko ēnei raraunga, e kiia ana ko "Big Data," he maha ngā whai wāhitanga hou e tukuna ana i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā mara, mai i te pakihi me te hokohoko ki te hauora me te pūtaiao. Ko ngā tatauranga, he kaupapa e aro ana ki te kohikohi, te tātari, te whakamārama, me te whakaaturanga raraunga, he mea nui ki te mārama me te whakamahi i ngā Raraunga Nui.
He aha te Raraunga Nui?
Ko te Raraunga Nui e pā ana ki ngā huinga raraunga he nui rawa, he uaua hoki, ā, he uaua ki te tātari me te whakahaere mā ngā taputapu whakahaere raraunga tuku iho. Ko te Raraunga Nui e tohuhia ana e ngā "V" e toru:
– Rōrahi: He nui rawa ngā raraunga, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake i te kaha rokiroki me te tukatuka tikanga.
– Tere: He tere te whakaputa, te tukatuka, me te tātari raraunga. Hei tauira, ko ngā whakawhitiwhitinga haurua-o-te-hekona i roto i te hokohoko hea, ko ngā raraunga wā-tūturu rānei mai i ngā pūoko IoT.
– Kanorau: Ngā momo raraunga rerekē, he hanganga (pēnei i ngā pātengi raraunga whanaungatanga) me ngā momo raraunga kore hanganga (pēnei i te tuhinga me te ataata).
Haunga ēnei "V" e toru, e rua atu ngā āhuatanga e whakahuatia ana, arā, ko te Pono me te Uara, e pā ana ēnei ki te tika me te uara o ngā raraunga.
Te Tūranga o ngā Tatauranga i roto i ngā Raraunga Nui
Mā ngā tatauranga ka taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga hei tango i ngā mōhiohio whai tikanga mai i te Raraunga Nui. Anei ētahi o ngā mahi matua a ngā tatauranga i roto i te tātari Raraunga Nui:
1. Kohikohi Raraunga: Ka tino hira ngā tikanga tauira whai hua nā te mea kāore i te whai hua, i te whai hua rānei te kohikohi me te tātari i te taupori raraunga nui katoa.
2. Te Tukatuka Raraunga: Ka āwhina ngā tatauranga ki te horoi i ngā raraunga me te tātari i ngā mea kāore e taea te huna i ngā hua tātari. Ka whakamahia hoki ngā tikanga whakataurite me te whakapūmau hei whakarite i te ōritetanga o ngā raraunga.
3. Tātari Tūhura: Mā ngā tatauranga ka taea e ngā kairangahau te tūhura me te whakaatu ā-kanohi i ngā raraunga mā te whakamahi i ngā kauwhata me ngā ripanga. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga pēnei i te whakarōpū me te tātari wāhanga matua (PCA) hei tautuhi i ngā tauira me ngā hanganga i roto i ngā raraunga.
4. Te Whakatauira me te Matapae: Ka whakamahia ngā tikanga tatauranga pēnei i te whakatauira, te ANOVA, me ngā tauira āhuahanga hei hanga tauira ka taea te matapae i ngā whanonga i runga i ngā raraunga o mua. Mō ngā Raraunga Nui, ka whakamahia pinepinetia ngā huarahi ako mīhini, e whakamahi ana i ngā rauropi tatauranga hei whakangungu i ngā tauira matapae.
5. Whakamana me te Whakatau: Mā ngā tatauranga ka taea te whakamātautau whakapae me te tuhi whakatau mai i ngā raraunga tauira hei whakawhanui ki ngā taupori nui ake. Ko ngā tikanga whakamana-whakawhiti i roto i te ako mīhini he tauira o te whakamahinga o ngā tatauranga hei aromatawai i te mahi a te tauira.
Ngā Wero i roto i ngā Tatauranga mō ngā Raraunga Nui
Ahakoa te hiranga o te mahi a ngā tatauranga i roto i te Raraunga Nui, he maha ngā wero motuhake:
1. Tātaitanga: He nui te kaha rorohiko e hiahiatia ana hei tātari i ngā raraunga nui. Ka taea e ngā mahi ngāwari i runga i ngā huinga raraunga iti te tino uaua, ā, ka roa pea ngā rā ki te whakaoti i roto i te horopaki Raraunga Nui.
2. Te Taupatupatu o ngā Raraunga: He maha ngā pūtake o ngā Raraunga Nui i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga rerekē, nō reira he wero nui te whakakotahi me te whakataurite i ēnei raraunga.
3. Te Matatapu Raraunga: I te pikinga ake o te rahinga raraunga, ka nui haere te hiranga o ngā take matatapu me te haumarutanga raraunga. Ka whakamahia ngā tikanga tatauranga pēnei i te matatapu rerekētanga hei huna i ngā raraunga me te tiaki i ngā mōhiohio whaiaro.
4. Te Whakatakoto Rawa: I roto i te Raraunga Nui, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakatakoto rawa nā te mea ka "ako" te tauira i te nui rawa o te haruru o roto i ngā raraunga. He mea nui ngā tikanga whakatikatika me te whakamana whakawhiti hei whakatika i tēnei raruraru.
Akoranga Take: Te Whakamahi i ngā Tatauranga i roto i ngā Raraunga Nui
Hei whakaatu i te tūranga me ngā wero o ngā tatauranga i roto i te Raraunga Nui, ka taea e tātou te titiro ki ētahi rangahau take i roto i ngā mara rerekē:
1. Hokohoko Ipurangi: Ka kohia e ngā kamupene hokohoko ipurangi pēnei i a Amazon me Alibaba ngā raraunga tauwhitinga wā-tūturu. Ka whakamahia ēnei tatauranga hei tātari i ngā whanonga hokohoko a ngā kaihoko, hei tautuhi i ngā au hua, me te whakawhaiaro i ngā taunakitanga hua.
2. Hauora: I roto i te hauora, ka whakakotahihia ngā raraunga mai i ngā pūkete hauora hiko (EMR), ngā hua taiwhanga, me ngā taputapu hauora hei hura i ngā tauira hei tautoko i te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga pai ake. Ka āwhina ngā tatauranga ki te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea me te matapae i ngā putanga o te tūroro.
3. Te Matatini Āhuarangi: Ka whakamahia ngā raraunga matatini nui mai i ngā pūoko me ngā amiorangi hei hanga tauira matatini tika ake. Ka āwhina ngā tatauranga ki te mārama ki ngā tauira matatini me te matapae i ngā āhuatanga matatini pērā i ngā tupuhi me ngā waipuke.
4. Te Waka: Ka whakamahia ngā raraunga mai i ngā pūoko waka me te GPS hei arotau i ngā huarahi kawe me te whakaiti i te pēhanga o ngā waka. Mā ngā tatauranga ka taea te tātari i ngā tauira haere me te whakawhanake i ngā pūnaha kawe atamai.
Te Anamata o ngā Tatauranga i roto i te Raraunga Nui
I te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau, kua ki tonu te heke mai o ngā tatauranga i roto i te Big Data i ngā whai wāhitanga me ngā wero hou. Ko ētahi o ngā au e tūpono ana ko:
– Te Whakaurunga o te Ako Mīhini me te Tatauranga: Ka tino piri ake te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā tatauranga me te ako mīhini, me te piki haere o te whakamahinga o ngā rauropi ako mīhini e hangai ana ki ngā mātāpono tatauranga.
– Rorohiko Tohatoha: Ka nui haere te whakamahinga o te rorohiko kapua me te hanganga tohatoha hei whakatika i ngā wero tukatuka raraunga nui.
– Te Whakapai Ake i te Matatapu Raraunga: Ka haere tonu te whakawhanake i ngā tikanga tatauranga hou hei tiaki i te matatapu takitahi i roto i ngā huinga raraunga nui.
– Tātari Raraunga Wā-tūturu: Ka whakawhanakehia anō ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga tatauranga hei whakahohe i te tātari raraunga wā-tūturu, ā, kei te piki haere te hiranga o tēnei mea i roto i ngā tono pēnei i te hokohoko hea me te whakahaere mōrearea.
Whakamutunga
He nui ngā whai wāhitanga a ngā tatauranga i roto i te Raraunga Nui ki te hura i ngā māramatanga hōhonu me te whakatau pai ake i runga i ngā raraunga. Heoi, he nui anō hoki ngā wero, mai i te tatau me te whakauru raraunga ki te tūmataitinga me te haumarutanga raraunga. I te whanaketanga o te hangarau tatauranga me ngā tikanga, he mārama te āhua o te heke mai o te tātari Raraunga Nui, ā, he maha ngā pūmanawa kāore anō kia whakamahia. Hei taputapu matua i tēnei ao mōhiohio, ka whai wāhi tonu ngā tatauranga ki te hanga i te āhua o tā tātou mārama me te whakamahi i ngā raraunga.
