Ko te tukanga hanga i tētahi mata waea atamai takai
Ko ngā whanaketanga waea atamai i ngā tau tata nei, ehara i te mea ko ngā whakapainga kāmera, ko te mahi tukatuka rānei anake, engari ko ngā auahatanga hoahoa anō hoki. Ko tētahi o ngā putanga hou tino whakahihiri ko te taenga mai o ngā waea atamai me ngā mata takai. Kei muri i ēnei hua āhua-ā-mua kei reira he tukanga hanga matatini, tino tika e uru ana ki ngā paparanga maha o ngā rauemi matatau. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te hanga o ngā mata waea atamai takai, mai i te whiriwhiri rauemi ki te whakamātautau pakari i mua i te tukunga.
1. Te ariā taketake o te mata takai: ngāwari, kaua e angiangi noa iho
He rerekē tēnei i ngā mata waea atamai tuku iho e whakamahi ana i te karāhe mārō, me taea e ngā mata takai te piko i ngā mano ki ngā rau mano ngā wā me te kore e kino nui, ki te whakaaturanga tirohanga, ki te mahi pā rānei. Nō reira, ko te uho o te mata takai he papa whakaaturanga ngāwari, e ahu mai ana i te OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode). Mā te hangarau OLED ka taea e ia pika te tuku i tōna ake mārama me te kore he rama whakamārama, ka taea ai te hanga i te hanganga mata kia angiangi ake, kia ngāwari ake i te LCD.
Heoi, kāore e ranea te ngāwari anake. Me ātete hoki te mata ki te rakuraku, ki te pakaru, ā, me whakamarie hoki ki te whakamahi. Ko te wero nui rawa atu ka puta ko te kopa, te wāhi e tino pāngia ai te rauemi e te ahotea ā-mīhini.
2. Te hanga i ngā papa whakamuri ngāwari me ngā paparanga hiko
Ko te tukanga hanga i tētahi papa OLED ngāwari ka tīmata mā te hanga i tētahi papa muri, he paparanga kei roto ngā transistors kiriata-angiangi (TFT) e whakahaere ana i te whakakā-whakaweto o ngā pika. I roto i ngā whakaaturanga ngāwari, kāore tēnei papa muri i hangaia ki runga i te karāhe pērā i tētahi papa noa, engari ki runga i tētahi papa kirihou motuhake, ātete-wera, pērā i te polyimide (PI). Ka whiriwhiria te polyimide nā te mea ka taea e ia te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei o ngā tukanga whakatakotoranga me te lithography, me te noho ngāwari tonu i muri i te otinga.
Ko te tikanga, ko tēnei wāhanga he whakauru i ngā tukanga pēnei i:
– Paninga papa raro: ka pania he paparanga polyimide me tētahi matotoru.
– Te whakamahana: hei whakapakari i te hanganga me te whakapiki i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga.
– Te whakaahua-ipurangi me te whakairo: te hanga tauira ara iahiko TFT mā te moroiti.
– Te whakatakotoranga o ngā paparanga ara iahiko me ngā paparanga ārai: kia taea ai te whakahaere tika i te iahiko i roto i ia pika.
He mea tino nui te tika o te mahi i tēnei wā, nā te mea ka taea e ngā hapa iti te mate o ngā pika, te rerekē rānei o te kanapa.
3. Te whakatakoto paparanga OLED: te ngākau o te whakaaturanga
Kia oti te papa o muri, ka tāpirihia te paparanga OLED. He maha ngā paparanga rauropi angiangi rawa o ngā OLED, he mahi motuhake tā ia paparanga: he paparanga werohanga irahiko, he paparanga tuku mārama, me he paparanga kawe kōhao. Ka whakatakotoria ēnei paparanga ki runga i te papa o muri mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakatakoto pēnei i te mimiti korehau, i ētahi atu tikanga rānei e pupuri ana i ngā taumata tiketike o te ma.
Ko te tikanga, ka mahia tēnei tukanga i roto i tētahi rūma korehau me te whakahaere pakari i ngā matūriki puehu, nā te mea ahakoa he iti noa te poke ka taea te kino i te panera. Kei roto hoki i tēnei wāhanga te hanganga o ngā tauira iti-pika whero, kakariki, me te kikorangi. Ko tētahi tikanga e whakamahia pinepinetia ana ko te whakamahi i tētahi kopare whakarewa pai (FMM), he momo "stencil" tino pai hei hanga i ngā tauira tae.
4. Te whakakāpōtanga: te tiaki i te OLED mai i ngā hoariri nui
He tino tairongo ngā paparanga OLED ki te wai me te hāora. Ka taea e te makuku te pirau, te ira pango, tae atu ki te pakaru o te panera. Nō reira, ina oti te paparanga OLED, me tiaki te whakaaturanga mā te tukanga whakakī.
I roto i ngā whakaaturanga takai, kāore e taea te whakamahi i te karāhe matotoru pērā i ngā panera tuku iho. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihanga te Whakakī Kiriata Angiangi (TFE), he mea hanga mai i ngā paparanga angiangi e whakawhiti ana: he rauemi kore-waro hei ārai me te rauemi waro hei ātete ahotea. Kua hangaia tēnei hanganga paparanga kia noho ngāwari tonu ina pikohia, engari kei te ārai tonu i te makuku kia kore e uru.
Ko te tukanga TFE me tino tika te whakahaere i te matotoru me te tirotiro kounga, nā te mea ahakoa ngā turuturu iti ka taea te whakaiti i te roa o te ora o te panera.
5. Paparanga pā ka taea te piko
Ehara i te mea ko ngā whakaaturanga waea atamai takai anake e whakaatu ana i ngā whakaahua engari me aro atu hoki ki te pā. Koinei te wāhi e hiahiatia ai he paparanga pūoko pā ngāwari. Ko ngā pūoko pā he mea hanga mai i ngā rauemi mārama, kawe hiko pēnei i te ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). Heoi, he pakarukaru te ITO ina pikohia tonutia, nō reira ka whakamahia e ētahi kaihanga ētahi atu momo pēnei i te mata whakarewa, i ētahi atu rauemi kawe hiko ngāwari ake rānei.
Kātahi ka whakapirihia te paparanga pā ki te papa whakaatu mā te whakamahi i tētahi piripiri whatu mārama (OCA/LOCA), me kore he mirumiru, ā, me ārai hoki i te whakapōturitanga o te tae. Me whai pēhanga ōrite, me te taiao ma hoki tēnei tukanga whakapiri hei ārai i te puehu e mau ana.
6. Taupoki mata: UTG me te kiriata tiaki
Hei ārai i te rakuraku o te mata, e rua ngā huarahi e whakamahia ana e ngā waea atamai takai hou:
1. UTG (Karāhe Tino Angiangi): he karāhe tino angiangi ka taea te piko ki tētahi taumata.
2. Kiriata pūmua tiaki: te paparanga o runga e kitea pinepinetia ana ko te "kaitiaki mata" i tāutahia i te wheketere.
Ka hangaia te UTG mā roto i tētahi tukanga motuhake e uru ana ki te whakaangawari i te karāhe, te whakapakari matū, me te tapahi tika. He angiangi rawa atu tēnei karāhe i te karāhe waea atamai noa, engari he mārō tonu te āhua i te kirihou parakore.
I muri i te tāutanga o te UTG, ka tāpirihia e ngā kaihanga he kiriata tiaki motuhake hei āwhina i te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā karawarawa me ngā pakaru moroiti. Ka tāutahia ēnei paparanga ki te whakapiringa tino tika, nā te mea ahakoa he hapa iti noa iho ka taea te whakararu, te kore rānei e ōrite te ahua o te mata ki te pā atu.
7. Te whakaurunga ki ngā inihi me te anga: te mea nui ki te wheako whakapiko
He hononga tata tonu ngā mata whakapiko ki te hoahoa o te hononga. Ko te hononga te mea e whakatau ana i te whānui o te whakapiko, te nui o te pēhanga i runga i te panera, me te whānuitanga o ngā kopa e kitea ana. I te wā e tāpirihia ana te mata ki te anga, ka whakarite ngā kaihanga kia:
– ka tautokona te mata kia ōrite,
– he nui te wāhi e taea ai te neke i te wāhi takai,
– kāore te pēhanga i te wā e kati ana e kino ai te arai o roto.
Ko ētahi hoahoa inihi hou e ngana ana ki te whakaiti i te āputa ina pikohia te waea hei ārai i te puehu kei uru. He hoariri nui te puehu ki ngā mata piko, nā te mea ka taea e ngā matūriki iti te pēhi i te papa mai i roto, ka waiho he tohu pumau.
8. Whakamātautau kounga: mai i te whakapikonga auau ki ngā pāmahana tino kino
I mua i te hokohoko, ka whai whakamātautau pakari ngā whakaaturanga takai. Ko te whāinga o ēnei whakamātautau he whakarite kia mau tonu te mahi a te whakaaturanga i raro i te whakamahinga mō te wā roa. Ko ētahi o ngā whakamātautau noa ko:
– Whakamātautau manawanui takai: ka takai te mīhini i te mata kia tekau ki te rau mano ngā wā.
– Whakamātautau pāmahana me te haumākū: e whakatauira ana i ngā āhuatanga o te kaiwhakamahi i roto i ngā āhuarangi rerekē.
– Whakamātautau pēhanga me te takahuri: te whakamātautau i te ātete ki te pēhanga i roto i te putea, i te pōke rānei.
– Whakamātautau rakuraku: ka ine i te ātete o te paparanga o runga ki ngā mea koi.
– Whakamātautau ōritetanga o te whakaaturanga: ka tirohia te ōritetanga o te tae, te kanapa, me ngā pika mate.
Mena ka kitea he hapa pēnei i ngā rārangi angiangi, te kimokimo, te wāhi pā rānei kāore e aro mai, ka wetewetehia te panera, ka tātarihia kia kitea ai te pūtake o te raruraru, ahakoa nō te takai, nō te whakapiripiri, nō te papa o muri rānei.
9. Ngā wero hanga me ngā ahunga auaha
He uaua ake, he utu nui ake hoki te hanga mata takai i ngā mata tuku iho. Tērā pea ka teitei ake te tere hua nā te mea me tino tika te whakarite i ngā paparanga maha, me te noho ngāwari tonu. Hei tāpiri, ko te hanganga o ngā kopa he take tonu e arohia ana.
I te heke mai, e tūmanakohia ana ka arahi te auahatanga ki:
– he rauemi tiaki mārō engari ngāwari tonu,
– he hanganga hononga e pēhi ana i ngā piko kia iti rawa,
– ngā pūoko pā me ngā paparanga whakakī e pakari ake ana,
– me te whanaketanga o ngā mata hurihuri e hiahia ana kia tino ngāwari ake.
Whakamutunga
He tino uaua te tukanga hanga i tētahi mata waea atamai takai, he whakakotahitanga o te hangarau mata, te pūtaiao rauemi, me te miihini. Mai i te papa polyimide mō te papa o muri, ki te whakatakoto i te paparanga OLED tairongo, ki te whakakī angiangi hei tiaki i te makuku, ki te tāutanga o te UTG me te whakaurunga ki te hononga, me tino tika katoa. Ko te angitu o tētahi waea atamai takai, ehara i te mea ko te hoahoa o waho anake, engari ko te kounga o te hanga mata, e taea ai te tu atu ki ngā mano takai me te whakaatu tonu i ngā whakaahua koi me te urupare pa tika.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te hanga i tētahi putanga hangarau ake o tēnei tuhinga (me te raupapa tukanga rite ki te wheketere) me tētahi putanga māmā ake rānei mō te kaipānui whānui.
