Me pēhea te hanga i tētahi waea atamai me ngā āhuatanga infrared
I ngā wā o mua, he mea noa ngā pūwero infrared (IR) i runga i ētahi waea pūkoro, nā te mea he whaihua: hei whakahaere i ngā pouaka whakaata, i ngā hauhautanga, i ngā pūwhakaata, me ētahi atu taputapu hiko pērā i te mana mamao whānui. Heoi, i tēnei wā hou, he maha ngā waea atamai kua kore e whakamahi i ngā pūwero IR nā te hoahoa, te utu, me ngā momo āhua iti. Ahakoa tēnei, kei te mau tonu te hiahia mō ngā pūwero infrared—ina koa mō ngā kaiwhakamahi e hiahia ana ki te whakamahi i ā rātou waea atamai hei kaiwhakahaere taputapu kāinga.
E hipokina ana i roto i tēnei tuhinga te "whakahohe i te rama infrared ki tētahi waea atamai" i roto i ngā horopaki e rua: (1) te tāpiri i ngā āheinga infrared ki tētahi waea atamai o nāianei (te huarahi tino pono), me (2) he tirohanga hangarau mēnā kei te hiahia koe ki te hoahoa i tētahi taputapu waea atamai kua whai pūwero IR kē (he uaua ake, ā, ko ngā kaihanga taputapu/kaihanga anake te nuinga o te wā ka mahi). Kia mōhio mai: he tino uaua, he nui hoki te mōrearea o te tāpiri i ngā taputapu ā-roto ki tētahi waea atamai hou, nō reira he pai ake te whiriwhiri i ngā kōwhiringa o waho.
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1. Te Mārama ki ngā Kaupapa Taketake o te Pūngao Whero i runga i ngā Waea Atamai
Ko te āhuatanga infrared i runga i ngā waea atamai he tikanga e rua ngā momo:
1. Pūrere IR (tuku)
Hei tuku tohu IR ki ētahi atu taputapu (hei tauira, ngā pouaka whakaata/whakamahana hau). Koinei te tikanga o te nuinga o te wā e kīia ana "he infrared ngā waea atamai."
2. Kaiwhiwhi IR (kaiwhiwhi)
Hei whiwhi tohu IR mai i ngā mana mamao, i ētahi atu pūoko rānei. Kāore i te tino kitea i runga i ngā waea atamai rongonui.
Ko te nuinga o ngā whakamahinga o ia rā (mamao pouaka whakaata/hauātanga) me whakamahi i te IR blaster, ehara i te kaiwhiwhi.
Ka mahi te pūwero IR mā te tuku i te mārama whero-whero e kanapa ana i tētahi auau motuhake (hei tauira, te 38 kHz e kitea ana i runga i ngā mamao pouaka whakaata), me tētahi tauira "waehere" e mārama ana ki te taputapu ūnga. Nō reira, me:
– Te rama rama whero (IR LED) hei tuku
– Ara iahiko taraiwa hei whakaputa i ngā pātere
– Pūmanawa/taupānga hei tīpako i te waehere mamao (tikanga IR)
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2. Te Huarahi Māmā: Te Tāpiri i te Pūoko Whero me te Taputapu o Waho
Mena ko tāu whāinga he hanga i tō waea atamai hei mana mamao, koinei te huarahi tino whai hua, tino iti te utu, me te haumaru hoki.
A. Whakamahia he tauranga USB-C IR Blaster (he tauranga Lightning rānei mō te iPhone)
He maha ngā dongle IR e wātea ana i ēnei rā e hono ana ki:
– USB-C (Android)
– Uira (iPhone)
– Tērā anō ētahi mea Nihokikorangi, engari he pumau ake, he tere ake te urutau o te USB.
Te taikaha:
– Me te kore e wetewete i te waea atamai
– Ka taea te whakamahi i runga i ngā tauira maha
– I te nuinga o te wā kua whai taupānga hoa kē
Te korenga:
– Me mau mai he dongle iti
– I ētahi wā, kāore i oti te tono taunoa o te dongle.
Ngā taahiraa whakamahi:
1. Hokona he dongle IR e hototahi ana ki te tauranga o tō waea.
2. Tāutahia te taupānga hoa mai i te kaihanga o te dongle.
3. Tīpakohia te momo taputapu (pouaka whakaata/hauāwhiowhio/pūwhakaata).
4. Whakahaerehia te tukanga whiriwhiri takirua/waehere: i te nuinga o te wā ka whakamātau te taupānga i ētahi waehere kia whakautu mai rā anō te pūrere.
5. Tiakina te kōtaha mamao kia taea ai e koe te whakamahi i ngā wā katoa.
B. Whakamahia he Pūrere IR e whakamahi ana i te Nihokikorangi/Wi-Fi (Smart IR Hub)
Ehara tēnei i te "IR i roto i te waea atamai", engari ko te waea atamai te kaiwhakahaere o te pokapū e tuku ana i te IR.
Te taikaha:
– He tawhiti pai ake (mana mamao mā te Wi-Fi)
- Ka taea te whakahaere i ngā taputapu maha i roto i te rūma kotahi
– He maha ngā wā e tautoko ana i te aunoatanga (te whakarite wā, te whakaurunga kāinga atamai)
Te korenga:
– Me whai hiko/whakarerekētanga
– Kāore e taea te kawe pērā i te dongle
Ngā taahiraa whakamahi:
1. Whakanohoia te pūhiko ki roto i tētahi rūma e "kite" ana i te taputapu ūnga (pouaka whakaata/hauātea).
2. Hono atu ki te Wi-Fi, kātahi ka hono atu ki te taupānga.
3. Tāpirihia te pūrere, kātahi ka tīpako i te waehere IR.
4. Whakamahia tō waea atamai hei mana mamao mā te taupānga.
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3. Kōwhiringa Hangarau-Hangarau: Te hanga i tētahi "Waea Atamai IR" me tētahi Dongle DIY
Ki te pai koe ki ngā kaupapa hikohiko, ka taea e koe te hanga i tāu ake dongle IR, ahakoa me mārama koe ki ngā pūmana iti.
Ngā wāhanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana
– Pūmana iti iti (hei tauira, ESP32, Arduino iti, tētahi atu mea rite rānei)
– IR LED (940nm noa)
– Taraiwa transistor (hei whakanui i te iahiko ki te IR LED)
– Ngā ātete, ngā PCB iti, me te anga
– Hononga ki te waea atamai (USB-C me te waeine e tika ana, mā te Nihokikorangi rānei)
Ariā mahi:
– Ka tukuna e te waea atamai ngā whakahau (hei tauira, "pātene mana pouaka whakaata") ki te pūmana iti mā te raupapa/Nihokikorangi.
– Ka whakaputahia e te pūmana iti ngā tohu IR e ai ki te kawa (NEC, RC5, me ētahi atu).
– Ka tukuna he tohu e te rama IR LED ki te pūrere.
Ngā Rekoata Hiranga:
He uaua ake te hanga i tētahi dongle USB-C ka taea te kite tika e tō waea nā te kawa USB me te whiriwhiringa mana e pā ana. Nō reira, he maha ngā kaihanga DIY e whiriwhiri ana i te ara Nihokikorangi māmā ake: waea atamai → Nihokikorangi → pūmana iti → IR.
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4. Ki te hiahia pono koe ki te hanga i tētahi Waea Atamai me te IR mai i te Wāhanga Tuatahi
He wāhanga ariā tēnei—he mahi nui te hanga i tētahi waea atamai, he rite ki te hoahoa i tētahi rorohiko iti me tētahi reo irirangi pūkoro, he mata, he pākahiko, he kāmera, me tētahi pūnaha whakahaere. Engari, ki te arotahi koe ki "me pēhea te tāpiri i tētahi pahū IR ki te hoahoa o tētahi waea atamai," anei tētahi tirohanga hangarau.
A. Ngā taputapu e hiahiatia ana
1. IR LED me te taraiwa
– IR LED 940nm (he mea noa mō ngā mana mamao)
– Te taraiwa transistor/MOSFET kia taea ai e te LED te tuku i te mārama kaha (ko te mana mamao e hiahiatia ana he mana tihi teitei ake)
– Te whakahaere o nāianei me te tiaki wera
2. Mana whakahaere pātītī
– Me whakahaere e te SoC waea atamai (System-on-Chip) te auau kawe (te nuinga o te wā 38 kHz)
– I te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia te PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) me te whakawhitiwhiti raraunga i runga ake.
3. Te tūnga ā-tinana
– Me whai "matapihi" te rama IR LED i roto i te anga waea e taea ai e te hihi infrared te haere.
– He pai te tūnga ki runga mō te ngāwari o te anga atu ki te pouaka whakaata/hauātanga
4. Whakahaere hiko
– Ka taea e ngā rama LED IR te kukume i te ia nui ina tukuna ana te mārama.
– Me hoahoa kia kore ai e whakararuraru i te pumau o te mana, kia kore ai hoki e moumou i te pākahiko
B. Pūmanawa me te pūmanawa
1. Ngā taraiwa Kernel/HAL (Android)
– Kia taea ai e te tono te "tono" i te tuku IR
– I runga i te Android, i rongonui ngā whakatinanatanga tawhito i mua (IR kaihoko), engari ko te tautoko e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaihoko/ROM
2. Pūtake raraunga waehere IR
– Ngā waehere mō ngā momo waitohu taputapu (pouaka whakaata, hauhautanga, me ētahi atu)
– Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā whare pukapuka tuwhera, i ngā pātengi raraunga arumoni rānei
3. Taupānga mamao
– Atanga kaiwhakamahi hei tīpako i te pūrere
– Āhuatanga ako waehere (mēnā he kaiwhiwhi IR), wātaka, makro (hei tauira, "Aratau Mataara": Pouaka Whakaata ON, pouaka whakaata-runga ON, rōrahi 15)
C. He wero nui
– Te ture me te tiwhikete: me paahitia e ngā waea atamai ngā whakamātautau haumaru, ngā tukunga, ngā whakamātautau hototahi hikohiko, me te tiwhikete whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
– Whakaurunga pūnaha: mā te tāpiri i tētahi wāhanga iti (IR) ka pā ki te pūihi, te hoahoa anga, te ārai wai, me te tahora PCB.
– Ngā utu whakaputa me te mekameka tuku: ka whakaarohia e ngā kaihanga te ROI; he maha ngā wā ka kiia te IR he āhuatanga motuhake.
Nō reira, mō ngā tāngata takitahi, mō ngā tīma iti rānei, ko te huarahi tūturu ko te waihanga i tētahi taputapu tāpiri, te whiriwhiri rānei i tētahi waea atamai kua whai IR kē.
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5. Kōwhiringa Whaihua: Kōwhiria he Waea Atamai kua Whai Pūhiko Whero
Mena kāore anō kia hokona e koe he waea, ā, ko te IR te mea matua e hiahiatia ana, ko te huarahi māmā ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira kei roto he pūwero IR mai i te kaihanga. Kua whakauruhia ngā pūwero IR ki ētahi raina waea i mua. Ko tēnei āhuatanga ka honoa tahitia me tētahi taupānga mana mamao kua hangaia pai.
Ngā tohutohu i te wā e whiriwhiri ana:
– Kia tino whakahuatia te kupu “IR blaster” i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga (kaua ko te kupu “IR face sensor”).
– Tirohia ngā arotake: he kaha te IR, ā, he hototahi ki ngā taputapu maha.
– Kia aro ki te tūranga IR (runga/raro o te anga), nā te mea ka pā ki te whakamarie.
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6. Ngā Tohutohu mō te Arotau i te Whakamahinga o te Pūangi Whero i runga i ngā Waea Atamai
Hei whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o te IR, anei ētahi tohutohu whai hua:
1. Tohu tika ki te pūrere: Me whai tirohanga ā-rārangi te IR (he rerekē ki te Nihokikorangi/Wi-Fi).
2. Whakamahia he tawhiti e tika ana: 2–8 mita te mea tino pai i runga i te kaha o te rama IR LED.
3. Tiakina ētahi kōtaha: hei tauira "Pouaka Whakaata o te Rūma Noho", "Hauhau Rūma", "Pūwhakaata Tari".
4. Waihangahia he makro: mēnā e tautokona ana e te taupānga, whakakotahihia ētahi whakahau i te wā kotahi.
5. Whakaarohia he pū IR mō te kāinga: ki te hiahia koe ki te whakahaere mai i ētahi atu rūma, ki te hiahia rānei koe ki te whakahaere aunoa.
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Whakamutunga
Ko te huarahi tino pono ki te "hanga i tētahi waea atamai e whakahohea ana e te infrared" ko te tāpiri i te infrared mā tētahi taputapu o waho, pērā i te dongle USB-C/Uira, i tētahi pū IR rānei e ahu mai ana i te Wi-Fi/Nihokikorangi. He haumaru tēnei tikanga, he iti te utu, ā, e kore e kino te taputapu. Ki te hiahia koe ki te mahi-ā-ringa, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi tuku IR e ahu mai ana i te microcontroller e whakahaeretia ana mai i tō waea atamai mā te Nihokikorangi. Ko te hanga i tētahi waea atamai mai i te tīmatanga me te IR blaster he mea uaua te hoahoa taputapu, ngā taraiwa pūmanawa, te tiwhikete, me te whakaurunga—ko te nuinga o te wā kei ngā kaihanga te mana.
Ki te kōrero mai koe i te momo waea atamai e whakamahia ana e koe (Android/iPhone, tauira) me te kaupapa matua o tōna IR (pouaka whakaata, hauhautanga, tētahi atu taputapu rānei), ka taea e au te tūtohu i te otinga tino tika me ngā kōwhiringa taputapu motuhake ake me ngā mahi tatūnga.
