Te Tūranga o Napoleon Bonaparte i roto i te Hītori o Wīwī
Ko Napoleon Bonaparte tētahi o ngā tino tangata whai mana i roto i te hītori o Wīwī me te ao. I whānau mai i te 15 o Ākuhata, 1769, i Corsica, he moutere o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa i uru mai ki Wīwī, i mōhiotia ia hei hēnerara, hei kaiārahi tōrangapū, hei Emepara hoki mō te pakanga hurihuri o Wīwī. Nā ōna kaha ki te rautaki hōia me tōna mātauranga tōrangapū i puta ai ngā huringa nui ki Wīwī me Ūropi. Ka tirohia e tēnei tuhinga te tūranga o Napoleon Bonaparte i roto i te hītori o Wīwī.
Te Tīmatanga o te Mahi Hoia me te Pikinga ki te Mana
I te iwa o ōna tau, ka tukuna a Napoleon ki Parani ki te ako i tētahi kura hōia. I roto noa i ētahi tau, ka whakaatu ia i ōna pūkenga tino pai ki te rautaki me ngā rautaki hōia. I te 16 o ōna tau, ka uru atu ia ki te ope taua o Parani. Nā te Huringa Wīwī, i tīmata i te tau 1789, i whai wāhi ia ki te piki ake i roto i te hiranga hōia. I te wā o te Directory, i toa a Napoleon i ētahi pakanga nui, pērā i te Pakanga o Toulon me te Raupatu o Itari, i rongonui ai ia puta noa i te motu.
I te tau 1799, i roto i te mea i mōhiotia ko te Huringa o 18 Brumaire, i hurihia e Napoleon te Directory, ā, i whakatūria e ia te Kāwanatanga Wīwī, ko ia te Kāwanatanga Tuatahi. I te tau 1804, i karangatia e ia ko ia te Emepara o te Wīwī, e whakaatu ana i te tere me te mīharo o tōna pikinga ki te mana.
Te Whakahoutanga me te Whakaritenga Anō o Wīwī
I a ia e noho ana hei Emepara, ko tētahi o ngā takoha nui a Napoleon ko te whakahounga ture me te whakahaere i Parani. Ko te mea rongonui o ēnei ko te Ture Napoleonic (1804). He kohinga ture tēnei e hanga ana i te pūtake o ngā pūnaha ture hou o te ao, e kapi ana i ngā take nui pēnei i:
1. Te Ōritetanga i mua i te Ture: I whakakorea e tēnei ture ngā mana rangatira me ngā mana rangatira maha, me te whakauru i te ariā he ōrite ngā tāngata katoa i mua i te ture.
2. Te Herekore o te Whakapono: I whakamanahia e Napoleon te herekore o te whakapono, he taahiraa whakamua tēnei i roto i te whanaketanga o te hapori whakaponokore o ēnei rā.
3. Ngā Mana Whenua: Ka whakaratohia e te Ture he parenga kaha mō ngā mana whenua me te mana tūmataiti, e āhei ai te tipu ōhanga pumau.
4. Mātauranga: I whakatenatenahia hoki e Napoleon te mātauranga tūmatanui kia mōhio ai te whakatupuranga taitamariki o Wīwī ki ngā pūkenga me ngā mātauranga e tika ana hei hanga i tētahi iwi kaha.
Te Whanuitanga me te Mana o Ūropi
Kāore e taea te wehewehe i te tūranga o Napoleon i roto i te hītori o Wīwī i ana pakanga hōia whānui. Mai i te whakatūnga o te Kaunihera, i ārahi a Napoleon i ētahi pakanga hōia i whakarerekē i te mahere tōrangapū o Ūropi, pērā i:
1. Te Pakanga o ngā Kotahitanga: I whawhai a Napoleon ki tētahi kotahitanga o ngā iwi Pākehā i huihui ki te ātete i te whānui o te mana o Wīwī. Ko te Pakanga o Austerlitz i te tau 1805 tētahi o ana wikitoria tino kanapa.
2. Pūnaha Ā-Pāpori: I roto i te ngana ki te whakaiti i a Peretānia, i whakatakoto a Napoleon i tētahi aukati ōhanga ki Peretānia e mōhiotia ana ko te Pūnaha Ā-Pāpori. Ahakoa te hiranga, i rahua tēnei kaupapa, ā, i kino ki te ōhanga Wīwī.
3. Te Emepaea o Wīwī: I tōna tihi, i whakahaere a Napoleon, i whai mana nui rānei ki te nuinga o Ūropi ki te Hauāuru me te Waenganui, tae atu ki Itari, ki Hōrana, ki Pāniora, ki Tiamana, me Pōrana.
Te Hinganga me te Whakahekenga
Ahakoa ngā angitu maha, he maha ngā hapa rautaki i kore ai a Napoleon i pai. Ko tētahi o ngā mea tino nui ko te whakaekenga o Rūhia i te tau 1812. Nā te hotoke kino o Rūhia me te ngoikore o ngā mahi whakahaere i hinga katoa ai te Ope Taua Nui (Grande Armée). Nā tēnei hinganga i ara ake ai he raupapa o ngā whakakeke me ngā pakanga i akiaki i a Napoleon kia whakarērea tōna rangatiratanga i te tau 1814.
I peia ia ki te moutere o Elba, engari i mawhiti, ā, i hoki mai ki te ārahi i a Wīwī i te wā i mōhiotia ai ko ngā Rā Rau. Heoi, ko te hinganga i te Pakanga o Waterloo i te tau 1815 te tohu o te mutunga tuturu o tana mana whakahaere. Whai muri i tēnei hinganga, i peia ia ki te Moutere o Saint Helena i te Moana Ataratiki ki te Tonga, ā, i mate ia i reira i te 5 o Mei, 1821.
Te Taonga Tuku Iho me te Mana o Napoleon
He uaua, he maha ngā āhuatanga o te taonga tuku iho a Napoleon Bonaparte. I tētahi taha, he rangatira hōia hihiri ia, ā, he maha ngā wā i patu ai ia i ngā miriona tāngata mō tōna mana. I tētahi atu taha, he kaiwhakahou anō hoki ia, ā, he maha ngā huringa pai i kawea mai e ia ki Parani me te motu o Ūropi.
1. Ngā Ture Ture me te Kāwanatanga: Ko te Ture a Napoleon me āna whakarerekētanga whakahaere te tūāpapa mō ngā pūnaha ture me ngā pūnaha kāwanatanga o ēnei rā.
2. Hoia: Ko Napoleon tētahi o ngā hēnerara nui rawa atu o ngā wā katoa. Kei te akohia tonutia ana rautaki me ana rautaki i roto i ngā whare wānanga hoia huri noa i te ao.
3. Te Whakahīhī ā-Motu: Nā ngā pakanga hōia a Napoleon i hora ngā ariā o te Huringa Wīwī, pērā i te whakahīhī ā-motu me ngā tika tangata. He maha ngā whenua i Ūropi i tīmata ki te neke ki te kāwanatanga ōrite me te whakahaere ture.
4. Te ahua o Parani: Ahakoa he wā poto noa iho te nuinga o ana wikitoria, i angitu a Napoleon ki te hanga i te tuakiri Wīwī o ēnei rā, me te whakaara ake i te whakapehapeha o te motu.
Whakamutunga
He tangata tautohetohe a Napoleon Bonaparte. Ki tā ētahi he kaitukino hihiri ia, ko tā ētahi he kaiwhakahou mohio. Ko tana tūranga i roto i te hītori o Wīwī tētahi o ngā mea tino nui. Nā roto i ngā whakahoutanga ture, tōrangapū, me te hōia, i hurihia e Napoleon te mata o Wīwī, ā, i waiho he tohu pumau. Mai i tōna aranga ake hei kaunihera tae noa ki tōna ekenga ki te emepara me tōna matenga i te whakarau, kei te noho tonu a Napoleon hei tangata e whakanuia ana, e whakahēngia ana hoki, engari kāore e warewaretia i roto i te kānawehi o te hītori o Wīwī me te ao.
