Te Takoha a Albert Einstein ki te Hītori o te Pūtaiao
He tohunga ahupūngao ariā a Albert Einstein i whānau mai i Tiamana, i mōhiotia ko ia tētahi o ngā kaipūtaiao whai mana nui o te hītori, ā, he nui āna takoha ki te pūtaiao hou. I whānau mai a Albert Einstein i te 14 o Poutū-te-rangi, 1879, i Ulm, i te Basileia o Württemberg, ā, i mōhiotia ia mō āna pūkenga hinengaro whakamiharo mai i tōna tamarikitanga. Kāore i te mea ko āna takoha anake i hanga i tō tātou māramatanga ki te ao whānui, engari i awe anō hoki i ngā momo mara pērā i te hangarau, te tōrangapū, te rapunga whakaaro, me te ahurea.
Ngā Ariā Whānui me ngā Ariā Motuhake o te Whakawhanaungatanga
Ko tētahi o ngā takoha nui a Einstein ko te ariā o te whanaungatanga. I te tau 1905, e kiia ana ko tana annus mirabilis, ko te "tau merekara rānei," i whakaputa a Einstein i tētahi pepa mō tana ariā motuhake o te whanaungatanga, i whakaurua ai te whārite rongonui E=mc². I whakaatuhia e tēnei whārite ko te papatipu me te pūngao he āhua e rua o te matū kotahi, ā, he mea whakawhitiwhiti. I werohia e tēnei ariā te māramatanga o te ahupūngao Newtonian tawhito, ā, i whakatakoto i te ara mō ngā auahatanga hangarau maha, tae atu ki te pūngao karihi.
Neke atu i te tekau tau i muri mai, i te tau 1915, ka whakaurua e Einstein tana ariā whānui mō te whanaungatanga. E whakaahua ana tēnei ariā i te kaha ā-papatipu ehara i te mea he kaha e kukumea ana e te papatipu, pērā i tā Isaac Newton i whakaahua ai, engari he piko o te wāhi me te wā i puta mai i te papatipu me te pūngao. Kua whakamatautauria, kua whakaūtia hoki te whanaungatanga whānui mā roto i ngā whakamātautau me ngā kitenga maha, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te piko o te mārama e te kaha ā-papatipu (e mōhiotia ana ko te arotahi ā-papatipu) me te nekehanga whero ā-papatipu o te whānuitanga mārama.
Te Ariā Kuantum me te Takiruatanga Ngaru-Matūriki
I whai wāhi nui anō hoki a Einstein ki te hangarau matū, inā koa i roto i tana tuhinga mō te pānga whakaahua-hiko, i whakaputaina i te tau 1905. I roto i taua tuhinga, i whakaarohia e Einstein ko te mārama he "quanta," arā, he photon, ā, ko te kaha o ēnei photon he rite ki tō rātou auau. Nā tēnei kitenga i whakatakoto te turanga mō te whanaketanga o te ahupūngao matū, ā, i te mutunga i whiwhi ia i te Tohu Nobel mō te Ahupūngao i te tau 1921.
Ahakoa ko Einstein tētahi o ngā kaiwhakaū o te ariā irahiko, i whakamā ia ki ētahi o ngā pānga rapunga whakaaro, pērā i te koretake me te tūponotanga e pā ana ki te miihini irahiko. Ka kitea tēnei i roto i tana kīanga rongonui, "Kāore te Atua e takaro i te mataono me te ao." Heoi, i puta he tautohetohe nui i roto i tēnei tirohanga, ā, i whai wāhi atu ki te ahunga whakamua o te mara.
Ngā Takoha ki te Ao Tūroa
I pā nui anō hoki te ariā whānui o Einstein mō te whanaungatanga ki te ao tūroa, arā, te ako i te takenga mai me te whanaketanga o te ao tūroa. I te tīmatanga, i whakaurua e Einstein he pūmau ao tūroa ki roto i ana whārite mara hei pupuri i tētahi tauira ao tūroa, e rite ana ki te tirohanga whānui. Heoi, i te kitenga o Edwin Hubble i ngā taunakitanga e whakawhānui ana te ao tūroa, i kī a Einstein ko te whakaurunga o te pūmau ao tūroa "te hapa nui rawa atu o tōna ao."
Heoi, ko te āhua o te pūmau aorangi a Einstein e kiia ana he mea nui anō i roto i te horopaki o te pūngao pōuri, te wāhanga ngaro e tere ake ana te whānui o te ao. E kī ana tēnei ariā ahakoa te hapa i kitea e Einstein ka taea te whakatakoto huarahi mō te māramatanga hohonu ake o te ao.
Te awe ki te hangarau hou
He nui ngā pānga o ngā kaupapa ariā a Einstein ki ngā hangarau hou. Hei tauira, he mea nui ngā ariā o te whanaungatanga motuhake me te whanaungatanga whānui hei mārama ki te mahi a ngā pūnaha whakatere ā-ao (GPS). Me whai whakaaro ki ngā pānga whanaungatanga kia tino tika ai, nā te mea ka porowhita ngā amiorangi GPS i ngā tere teitei, ā, i roto i te papa taumaha iti iho i te mata o te Ao.
Hei tāpiri atu, ko ngā mātāpono o te pānga hiko-whakaahua i whakaahuatia e Einstein i whakakaha i te whanaketanga o te hangarau photovoltaic, e hanga ana i te pūtake o ngā panera rā hou. Ko te whakamahinga o tēnei māramatanga kei te akiaki i te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau pūngao hou, e piki haere ana te hiranga o ēnei i roto i ngā mahi a te ao ki te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā wahie pūmua me te aro atu ki te huringa āhuarangi.
Taonga Tuku Iho me te Taonga Tuku Iho
I horapa atu te awe o Einstein i tua atu i te ahupūngao parakore, tae atu ki ngā mara pāpori me ngā mara rapunga whakaaro. Hei tangata whakaaro tangata, i whakamahia e Einstein tōna rongonui me tōna ingoa rongonui hei whakatairanga i te rangimārie, te mātauranga, me ngā tika tangata. He kaitautoko kaha ia mō te Hiona, i tautoko i te whakatūnga o tētahi whenua Hūrai haumaru, ā, ko ia tētahi o ngā kaipūtaiao maha i whakahē i te whakamahinga o ngā poma atomika ki ētahi atu iwi i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao.
He paionia a Einstein i te whakanui i te hiranga o te whakaaro auaha i roto i te pūtaiao, me tana whakapono "he mea nui ake te whakaaro auaha i te mātauranga." Ko tana kaiārahi pūtaiao me tana whakapau kaha ki ngā mātāpono matatika kei te whakaaweawe tonu i te tini i ēnei rā.
Whakamutunga
Ehara i te mea he kaipūtaiao mohio noa a Albert Einstein, engari he tangata whakaaro tangata whai mana nui hoki. Nā āna takoha ki te ariā o te whanaungatanga, te miihini irahiko, me te ao tūroa kua huri te huarahi e mārama ai tātou ki te ao whānui, ā, kua whakatakoto i te ara mō ngā whanaketanga hangarau e pā ana ki te oranga o ia rā. Haunga tēnā, he pānga nui tōna whakapau kaha ki ngā uara tangata ki te oranga pāpori me te ahurea o te ao. Ahakoa āna whakatutukitanga katoa, i waiho e Einstein tētahi taonga tuku iho tino nui i roto i te hītori o te pūtaiao, he taonga ka tonu te maioha me te whakawhanake e ngā whakatupuranga o muri mai.
