Ngā tauira pātai me ngā tātai mō ngā karāhe whakanui
1. Kei te tirotirohia e tētahi kairangahau tētahi rau mā te whakamahi i tētahi karāhe arotahi kōpiko me te roa arotahi o te 25/3 cm hei karāhe whakanui. Ko tēhea te kōrero tika?
(1) E 4 te whakanui koki mēnā kei te 25 cm te tawhiti o te ahua whakamutunga o te mea.
(2) Ko te whakanui koki he ōrite ki te 3 mēnā kei te mutunga kore te ahua whakamutunga o te mea.
(3) Ko te kaha o te karu arotahi he 12 Diopters
(4) Ko te tawhiti o te ahua tūturu he 25/3 cm mēnā he 50/3 cm te tawhiti o te mea.
Kōrero
(1) Te tātai mō te whakanui i te koki karāhe whakanui ina tae te ahua whakamutunga ki tētahi tawhiti (kei te taumata teitei te urunga o te kanohi)
M = N / f + 1
M = te koki whakanui o te karāhe whakanui, N = te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa (25 cm), f = te roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui
M = 25 : 25/3 + 1 = 25 x 3/25 + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4
He pono te kōrero 1
(2)
Ko te tātai mō te whakanui i te koki karāhe whakanui ina tae te ahua whakamutunga ki te mutunga kore (te wāhi noho iti rawa o te kanohi)
M = N / f
M = te koki whakanui o te karāhe whakanui, N = te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa (25 cm), f = te roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui
Te whakanui i te koki karāhe whakanui:
M = 25 : 25/3 = 25 x 3/25 = 3
He pono te kōrero 2
(3) Te mana o te karu arotahi
P = 1/f = 1 : 25/3 = 1 x 3/25 = 3/25 Ngā Diopter
He hē te kōrero 3
(4) Te tawhiti tūturu o te ahua
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s
1/s' = 1:25/3 – 1:50/3
1/s' = 1×3/25 – 1×3/50
1/s' = 3/25 – 3/50
1/s' = 6/50 – 3/50
1/s' = 3/50
s' = 50/3
He hē te kōrero 4
Pūtake pātai:
Ngā Pātai Ahupūngao SBMPTN
E ai ki te kaupapa o ngā karu whakanui , he iti te āhua o tētahi mea ina tirohia mai i tawhiti rawa, ā, he nui te āhua ina tirohia mai i tawhiti tata. Ko te rerekētanga o te rahi o ngā mea e kitea ana e te kanohi nā te rerekētanga o te koki i hangaia i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea. Ina tawhiti rawa te mea i te kanohi, ka iti ake te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea, ā, ka iti ake te ahua i hangaia ki te retina o te kanohi. I tetahi atu taha, ina tata te mea ki te kanohi, ka nui ake te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea, ā, ka nui ake te ahua i hangaia ki te retina o te kanohi. Ko te tata atu ki te kanohi, ka nui ake te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea, ā, ka nui ake te ahua i hangaia ki te retina. Me mōhio ko te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa o te tangata he 25 cm, nō reira kāore e taea te iti iho i te 25 cm te tawhiti i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea. Ka taea te whakatau ko te koki i waenganui i te kanohi noa o te tangata me te mea, he uara mōrahi ina he 25 cm te tawhiti i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea.
Mena kāore e taea te kite mārama i tētahi mea i muri i te whakatata atu ki te tawhiti o te 25 cm mai i te kanohi noa, me mahi karāhe whakanui hei āwhina i te kanohi kia kite i te mea. Ko te karāhe whakanui, ko te karāhe whakanui noa rānei, he mahi hei whakanui i te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea. Ko te kaha o te karāhe whakanui ki te whakanui i te ahua o tētahi mea ka whakaatuhia e te koki whakanui (M) o te karāhe whakanuiHe pai ake te karāhe whakanui me te whakanui 2x i te karāhe whakanui me te whakanui 1x. He rerekē te whakanui koki i te whakanui rārangi; kia mārama ai koe ki te rerekētanga, akohia te kaupapa. whakanui koki (M) me te whakanui rārangi (m).
Te Mārama ki te Whakanui i te Koki Whakanui
Ko te whakanui koki (M) o te karāhe whakanui ko te ōwehenga o te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me te ahua o te mea (θ') ina tirohia te mea mā te karāhe whakanui, ki te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me te mea (θ) ina tirohia tika te mea mai i te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa. Mā te pāngarau:
M = θ' / θ
Te Tātai Whānui mō te Whakanui i te Koki Whakanui
Ka whakamāramahia te tātai whānui mō te whakanui koki i roto i ngā taipitopito atu i te wāhanga e whai ake nei. Hei āwhina i a koe ki te mārama, tirohia te ahua i raro nei.
I te ahua 1, ka tirohia tika te mea mai i te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa..
N = te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa
θ = te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me ngā pito e rua o te mea
h = te teitei o te mea.
I te ahua 2, ka kitea te mea mā roto i tētahi karāhe whakanui..
s = te tawhiti i waenganui i te mea me te arotahi
θ' = te koki i waenganui i te koropiko me ngā pito e rua o te mea
h = te teitei o te mea
Mena he iti te koki, ko te pānihi θ ≈ θ
θ = h / N
θ' = h / s
Te tātai whānui mō te whakanui koki (M) o te karāhe whakanui:
Whakaahuatanga: M = whakanui koki, N = pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa, s = tawhiti i waenga i te mea me te karāhe whakanui. Koinei te tātai whānui mō te whakanui i te koki o te karāhe whakanui. Ka kiia he tātai whānui nā te mea ehara te tawhiti i waenga i te mea me te karāhe whakanui i te uara motuhake engari ka taea te whakamahi hei uara katoa.
Ko te tātai mō te whakanui koki o te karāhe whakanui ina iti rawa te urunga o te kanohi
A, mehemea, i te wā e mātakitaki ana i tētahi mea mā te whakamahi i te karāhe whakanui, ka iti noa te uru o te kanohi o te kaimātakitaki? Mena ka iti noa te uru o te kanohi, ka mutu te tawhiti o te ahua. Kia kore ai e mutu te tawhiti o te ahua, me rite te tawhiti i waenga i te mea me te karāhe whakanui ki te roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui (whakatairitehia te whakamārama i roto i te kaupapa o ngā karāhe whakanui ). Mātakitakihia te ahua i raro nei.
I te ahua 3, ka tirohia tika te mea mai i te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa..
N = te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa
θ = te koki i waenganui i te kanohi me ngā pito e rua o te mea
h = te teitei o te mea.
I te ahua 4, ka tirohia te mea mā roto i tētahi karāhe whakanui ina kore rawa te kanohi o te kaimātakitaki e taurite..
s = te tawhiti i waenga i te mea me te arotahi = f = te roa o te arotahi o te karāhe whakanui
θ' = te koki i waenganui i te koropiko me ngā pito e rua o te mea
h = te teitei o te mea
Mena he iti te koki, ko te pānihi θ ≈ θ
Ko te tātai mō te whakanui koki (M) o te karāhe whakanui ina iti rawa te urunga o te kanohi:
Whakaahuatanga: M = whakanui koki, N = pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa, f = roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui.
E whakaatu ana tēnei whārite ko te whakanui koki (M) o te karāhe whakanui he rite whakamuri ki te roa arotahi (f) o te karāhe whakanui. Ko te nui ake o te roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui, ko te iti ake o te whakanui koki. I tetahi atu taha, ko te iti ake o te roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui, ko te nui ake o te whakanui koki. Ko te karāhe whakanui he karāhe pūkohu, nō reira he pai ake te whakamahi i te karāhe pūkohu he iti te roa arotahi, i te karāhe pūkohu rānei he iti te radius o te piko kia nui ai te whakanui koki o te karāhe whakanui.
Ko te tātai mō te whakanui koki o te karāhe whakanui ina tae te kanohi ki te wāhi tino pai
A, mehemea, i te wā e mātakitaki ana i tētahi mea mā te whakamahi i te karāhe whakanui, ka taea e te kanohi o te kaimātakitaki te urutau ki te taumata teitei rawa atu? Mena ka taea e te kanohi te urutau ki te taumata teitei rawa atu, ko te tawhiti o te ahua i hangaia e te karāhe whakanui he rite tonu ki te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa. He mariko te ahua, nō reira he kino te tawhiti (s') o te ahua.
Ina rite te tawhiti (s') o te ahua ki te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa (N), ko te tawhiti (s) o te mea:
Mena he iti te koki, ko te pānihi θ ≈ θ
Ko te tātai mō te whakanui koki (M) o te karāhe whakanui ina tae te kanohi ki te taumata teitei:
Whakaahuatanga: M = whakanui koki, N = pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa, f = roa arotahi o te karāhe whakanui.
Whakatauritea te tātai mō te whakanui koki o te karāhe whakanui ina noho te kanohi i te taumata iti rawa ki te tātai mō te whakanui koki o te karāhe whakanui ina noho te kanohi i te taumata teitei rawa . I runga i ngā tātai e rua, ka taea te whakatau ko te whakanui koki o te karāhe whakanui he nui ake ina noho te kanohi i te taumata teitei rawa. Nō reira, ki te kite koe i ngā tuhinga iti rawa mā te whakamahi i te karāhe whakanui, ka nui ake te rahi o te tuhinga ina noho te kanohi i te taumata teitei rawa.
