Ngā Hipanga hei Hanga i tētahi Reo Irirangi Iti
He taputapu iti te reo irirangi iti e āhei ai koe ki te whakarongo ki ngā pāhotanga reo irirangi. Ahakoa tōna rahi iti, he maha ngā wāhanga hiko taketake kei roto i te tukanga hanga. Ka taea te hanga i ngā reo irirangi iti mō ngā mahi whakangahau, hei taputapu ako taketake rānei mō ngā hiko. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka hipokina e mātou ngā mahi taipitopito mō te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi iti.
1. Whakaritea ngā Utauta me ngā Rauemi
I mua i tō tīmatanga, kia tino mōhio kei a koe ngā taputapu me ngā rauemi katoa e tika ana. Anei te rārangi o ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e koe:
Utauta:
– Te rino whakapiri me te rino whakapiri
- Ngā pliers tapahi
– Ngā kūmau tiaki
– Ine maha (whiringa)
– Papa paraoa (mō ngā whakamātautau tuatahi)
Rauemi:
– Pūihi (waea parahi, waea iti rānei)
– Ngā pūnga hiko uku (10-100 pF)
– He takai waea enamel (mō te koiri)
– Pūhikohiko (NPN pēnei i te 2N2222, 2N3904 rānei)
– Ngā Ātete (1kΩ, 10kΩ)
– Diode kite (1N34A, rite rānei)
– Mana whakahaere rōrahi (pūkaha 10kΩ)
– He paneoro iti, he hononga kaikorero rānei
– Ngā Pūhiko (9V, 2x AA rānei me te pupuri)
2. Te Hanga i tētahi Koiri (Inductor)
He wāhanga nui o te reo irirangi ko te koiri, te inductor rānei. Ko te mahi a te koiri he hopu i ngā tohu reo irirangi. Anei te hanga koiri:
1. Tangohia he waea enamel, tata ki te 1 mita te roa.
2. Hurihia te waea ki tētahi uho porotaka (ka taea te hanga mai i tētahi pākahiko kua whakamahia, i tētahi paipa kirihou rānei) me te whānui o te 1-2 cm pea.
3. Tākaihia te waea kia 20-50 ngā wā, i runga i te auau e hiahia ana koe ki te hopu.
4. Kia oti te takai, waiho te pito o te waea kia 3 henemita te roa mō te hononga hiko.
3. Te Huihui i ngā Wāhanga ki runga i te Papa Parāoa
Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te papa taro hei huihui i ngā wāhanga i mua i te whakapiringa ki te PCB hei whakamātau ngāwari.
1. Honoa he pūnga uku 100 pF ki te hono i tētahi waewae ki te whenua (GND) me tētahi atu ki tētahi pito o te koiri.
2. Āpitihia te pito kē atu o te koiri ki te kaikohi o te transistor NPN.
3. Honoa te turanga o te transistor ki tētahi ātete 10kΩ, me te pito kē atu o te ātete ki te whenua.
4. Mai i te kaikohi transistor, honoa hoki he ātete 1kΩ ki te paneoro, ki te hononga kaikorero rānei.
5. Tāutahia te diode kite (te cathode kei te taha '+' me te anode ki te whenua, kia rite ki te putanga oro).
6. Mai i te putanga oro, tāpirihia he pūnga 10µF hei wehe i te tohu oro.
7. Honoa te pūihi ki te pūwāhi tāuru koiri.
4. Te whakapiripiri i runga i te PCB
I muri i te whakamātautau i te papa taro, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te honohono i ngā wāhanga ki te PCB kia waiho hei taputapu pumau.
1. Whakatakotoria ngā wāhanga ki runga i te PCB kia rite ki te ara iahiko i hangaia e koe ki runga i te papa taro.
2. Tūhonoa marietia ia wāhanga kia kore ai e poto ngā ara iahiko.
3. Kia tino kaha te tūhono, ā, kia kaua e pā ngā waewae o te wāhanga.
5. Te Whakamātautau me te Whakatikatika
Tāutahia ngā pākahiko, ka whakakā i tō reo irirangi iti. Whakarongo ki te oro mā roto i ngā pane whakarongo, mā roto rānei i ngā kaikorero, ā, me whakarite ēnei whakarerekētanga:
1. Pūihi: Kia tino honoa te pūihi. Ko tētahi huarahi ngāwari ki te whakapai ake i te whiwhinga ko te whakaroa i te roa o te pūihi.
2. Koiri: Mena kāore i te mārama, kāore rānei i te kitea te tohu i tae mai, ngana ki te tāpiri, ki te whakaiti rānei i te maha o ngā hurihanga o te koiri. Ka rerekē te auau orooro i tēnei.
3. Pūhikohiko: Tirohia mēnā kei te mahi tika te pūhikohiko mā te whakamātautau mā te whakamahi i te mita maha, mā te whakakapi rānei ki tētahi atu pūhikohiko.
6. Te Whakatakoto i ngā Wāhanga ki roto i te Pouaka
Kia oti ngā mea katoa te mahi, kua tae ki te wā ki te whakauru i ngā wāhanga ki roto i te pouaka kia ātaahua ake te āhua, kia tiakina hoki mai i te kino.
1. Kimihia he pouaka e ranea ana te rahi hei pupuri i ngā wāhanga katoa.
2. Keria he kōhao mō te hononga paneoro, te pūmana whakahaere oro, me te pūihi.
3. Whakanohoia te PCB ki roto i te pouaka, ka whakau ki tōna tūranga mā te whakamahi i ngā tautoko, i te kāpia rānei.
4. Tāutahia te papa o mua me te mana whakahaere oro me te hononga paneoro.
7. Ngā Āhuatanga Tāpiri (Whiringa)
Ka taea e koe te tāpiri i ētahi atu āhuatanga hei whakapai ake i te mahi a te reo irirangi iti:
1. Tīpakohia te Auautanga: Mā te tāpiri i te potentiometer takirua, i te pūnga iahiko taurangi rānei, ka taea e koe te tīpako i te auautanga e hiahia ana koe ki te hopu.
2. Whakakaha Oro: Mena he iti rawa te oro, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i tētahi ara iahiko whakakaha oro me tētahi IC pēnei i te LM386 kia nui ake ai, kia mārama ake ai hoki te oro.
Whakamutunga
He mahi uaua, he mahi whai hua hoki te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi iti, mō te hunga tīmata me te hunga e aroha ana ki ngā taputapu hiko. E hiahiatia ana he māramatanga taketake mō ngā wāhanga me ngā ara iahiko hiko, me ngā pūkenga mahi hoki mō te whakapiri me te huihuinga.
Mā te whai i ēnei kaupae, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi iti whai hua, ā, ka mārama pea koe ki te mahi a ngā kaiwhiwhi reo irirangi. Kia ora, kia pai hoki tō mahi auaha reo irirangi iti ahurei!
