Ngā Wāhanga Taketake mō te Hanga Reo Irirangi
He hangarau roa te reo irirangi, ā, he wāhi nui tōna i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero o te ao. Mai i ōna rā tuatahi ki te ao matihiko o nāianei, kua rerekē ngā hangarau reo irirangi, engari he rite tonu ōna mātāpono taketake. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e tātou ngā wāhanga taketake o te reo irirangi me ā rātou mahi.
He Kupu Whakataki ki te Reo Irirangi
Ko te kaupapa o te mahi a te reo irirangi ko te huri i ngā tohu oro hei tohu hikohiko, ā, ka tukuna mā roto i ngā ngaru reo irirangi. Ka hurihia e te kaiwhiwhi reo irirangi ēnei tohu hikohiko hei tohu oro e rangona ana. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga ngā wāhanga hiko maha e mahi tahi ana. Me tūhuratia ēnei wāhanga taketake.
1. Pūihi
He wāhanga nui ngā pūihi o tētahi taputapu reo irirangi, ahakoa he tuku, he kaiwhiwhi rānei. Ka tuku, ka whiwhi hoki ngā pūihi i ngā tohu hikohiko. I roto i te tuku, ka hurihia e te pūihi ngā tohu hiko hei ngaru reo irirangi ka tukuna ki te rangi. I tētahi atu taha, i roto i te kaiwhiwhi, ka hopu te pūihi i ngā ngaru reo irirangi ka hurihia anō hei tohu hiko.
He nui te pānga o te roangaru e whakamahia ana ki te mahi a te pūihi. Nō reira, me hoahoa ngā pūihi kia rite te auau e hiahiatia ana. Ko ngā momo pūihi ko ngā pūihi dipole, ngā pūihi monopole, me ngā pūihi porowhita.
2. Oscillator
He wāhanga nui te oscillator i roto i te tuku reo irirangi. Ko tana mahi matua he whakaputa i tētahi tohu ā-wā, he ngaru sinusoidal pumau i tētahi auau motuhake. Ka whakaratohia e te oscillator te auau kawe turanga e whakamahia ana mō te whakarerekētanga tohu.
He maha ngā momo orooro, pērā i ngā orooro LC (e whakamahi ana i ngā inductors me ngā capacitors), ngā orooro tioata, me ngā orooro RC. Ko ngā orooro tioata te momo e whakamahia whānuitia ana nā te mea he tino pumau.
3. Te whakarerekētanga
Ko te whakarerekētanga te tukanga e hurihia ai tētahi tohu mōhiohio, pērā i te reo, te puoro rānei, hei tohu kawe. He maha ngā momo whakarerekētanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te reo irirangi, tae atu ki:
– Te Whakarerekētanga Amplitude (AM): Ka whakarerekētia te amplitude o te tohu kawe i runga anō i te amplitude o te tohu mōhiohio. He māmā noa iho tēnei tikanga engari he ngāwari ake ki te pokanoa.
– Te Whakarerekētanga Auautanga (FM): Ka whakarerekētia te auau o te tohu kawe kia ōrite ki te tohu mōhiohio. He ātete ake te FM ki te pokanoa i te AM, ā, he pai ake te kounga oro e puta ana.
He taputapu te modulator e whakamahia ana hei mahi i tēnei tukanga, ā, he wāhanga nui o te pūnaha tuku reo irirangi.
4. Whakakaha me te Whakakaha
He ngoikore rawa te tohu e hopukina ana e te pūihi kaiwhiwhi. Nō reira, me whakamahi he whakakaha-mua hei whakanui ake i te kaha o tēnei tohu, me te kore e nui te haruru. Ka mahi te whakakaha-mua i ngā wāhanga tuatahi o te whiwhinga kia tino kaha te tohu e tae mai ana mō te tukatuka atu.
Kātahi ka whakanuia anō e te whakakaha matua te tohu kia taea ai te tukatuka me te whakamahi tika i te wāhanga tango oro, ā, hei whakamutunga ka tukuna hei oro ki te kaikorero.
5. Te Whakakore i te Pūnaha
I muri i te whakanui ake i te tohu, ko te wāhanga e whai ake nei ko te tango i ngā oro. Ka wehea e te tango oro te tohu mōhiohio mai i te tohu kawe. I roto i te kaiwhiwhi AM, ka kitea e te tango oro ngā panoni o te kaha, i roto ia i te kaiwhiwhi FM, ka kitea e ia ngā panoni o te auau.
He taahiraa nui te tango-ira irahiko ina whakaarohia ko te hua whakamutunga e hiahiatia ana ko te tohu mōhiohio taketake, ahakoa he reo tangata, he puoro, he mōhiohio rānei.
6. Tātari
Ka whakamahia ngā tātari i ngā wāhanga rerekē o ngā pūnaha whiwhinga me te tuku reo irirangi hei whakakore i ngā auau kāore e hiahiatia, hei whakarite hoki kia tukatukahia ngā tohu anake i roto i tētahi awhe auau motuhake. Hei tauira, ka tukuna e te tātari whakawhiti-roopu ngā tohu i roto i tētahi awhe auau motuhake kia whiti, me te tātari i ngā auau i waho o taua awhe.
He mea tino nui ngā tātari hei whakarite i te kounga o te tohu e whiwhihia ana, hei whakaiti hoki i te pokanoa mai i ētahi atu tohu kāore e hiahiatia.
7. Whakaranu
Ka whakamahia ngā mīhini whakaranu i te wāhanga tahuritanga auau. I te whiwhinga reo irirangi, ka konatunatua te tohu RF e riro mai ana i te pūihi ki te tohu mai i te oscillator ā-rohe hei whakaputa i tētahi tohu auau iti iho e kiia nei ko te Auautanga Waenga (IF). Mā tēnei tukanga ka māmā ake te tukatuka tohu.
8. Kaitirotiro
Ka whakamahia he pūoko, he mea whakauru ki tētahi pūwhakakore oro, hei kimi i te tohu nui mai i tētahi tohu whakauru. I roto i te reo irirangi AM, ka kitea e te pūoko ngā huringa o te kaha, i roto ia i te reo irirangi FM, ka tautuhia e te pūoko ngā huringa o te auau e puta ana i runga anō i te tohu mōhiohio.
9. Pūorooro
Ko te pūorooro te taputapu putanga whakamutunga e huri ana i ngā tohu hiko kua tukatukahia hei ngaru oro e rangona ana. Ko te kounga o te pūorooro te mea nui e whakatau ana i te kounga oro whakamutunga o te reo irirangi.
10. Te Whakatau Te Mana
Me whai pūtake hiko ia taputapu hiko hei whakahaere, ā, kāore he rerekētanga o ngā reo irirangi. Mā te pūtake hiko e whakarato te ngaohiko me te iahiko e hiahiatia ana e ngā wāhanga katoa o te pūnaha reo irirangi. Ka taea te whakamahi i te pākahiko, i te urutau AC-DC, i tētahi atu pūtake hiko rānei hei pūtake hiko.
Te Katinga
Ko te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi, ahakoa he reo irirangi anarau, he reo matihiko rānei, me whakauru ngā wāhanga hiko maha, he mahi nui tā ia wāhanga. He mea nui te mārama ki te mahi me te taunekeneke i waenga i ēnei wāhanga ki te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero o ēnei rā.
He mahi nui tā te reo irirangi i roto i te whakarato i ngā momo ratonga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, mai i ngā mōhiohio me ngā whakangahau ki ngā āhuatanga ohorere. Nā te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, he taputapu whai hua tonu te reo irirangi hei tautoko i te oranga o te tangata i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha.
