Me pēhea te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi mamati me te DSP
Kua piki haere te rongonui o te reo irirangi matihiko nā tōna kaha ki te tuku kounga oro pai ake, te whakamahinga pai ake o te auautanga, me ngā āhuatanga tāpiri pēnei i te raraunga mōhiohio waiata. Ko tētahi o ngā wāhanga matua o te whanaketanga reo irirangi matihiko ko te whakamahinga o te Pūtukatuka Tohu Mamati (DSP). Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mahi e whai wāhi ana ki te whakawhanake i tētahi reo irirangi matihiko mā te whakamahi i tētahi DSP.
Pendahuluan
Ko te DSP, te Pūtukatuka Tohu Mamati rānei, he pūtukatuka iti i hangaia mō te tukatuka tohu mamati wā-tūturu. I roto i te horopaki o te reo irirangi mamati, ka hurihia e te DSP ngā tohu anaro ki te mamati, ka tukatuka i aua tohu, ā, i te mutunga ka hurihia ngā tohu mamati ki ngā tohu anaro e rangona ana.
Hei hanga i tētahi reo irirangi matihiko, e hiahiatia ana ētahi wāhanga matua, arā:
1. Pūihi: Hei whiwhi tohu reo irirangi.
2. Kaiwhakatikatika: Hei tīpako i te auau reo irirangi e hiahiatia ana.
3. DSP: Mō te tukatuka tohu mamati.
4. DAC (Kaitahuri Mamati-ki-Analog): Hei huri i ngā tohu mamati ki ngā tohu analog.
5. Pūorooro, taringaoro rānei: Hei whakaputa oro.
Hipanga Tuatahi: Te Kōwhiri i ngā Wāhanga
1. Pūihi
Me rite te pūihi e whakamahia ana ki te auau e hiahia ana koe ki te whiwhi. Mō te reo irirangi FM, he pūihi karuārai, he pūihi monopole noa iho rānei te mea e whakamahia ana.
2. Kaiwhakatikatika
Ka taea te whakamahi i te pūwhakatika i tētahi waeine kua rite ki te whakamahi, i tētahi wāhanga rānei pērā i te maramara Si4703, TEA5767 rānei. I te nuinga o te wā ka tae mai ēnei waeine me te hononga I2C, SPI rānei, kia māmā ai te whakahaere i te auau mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūmana iti.
3. DSP
Ko te kōwhiringa DSP te wāhanga tino nui. Ko ētahi o ngā DSP e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tono reo irirangi ko:
– Raupapa TMS320 a Texas Instruments (TI)
– Ngā Pūrere Analog (ADI) raupapa SHARC
– Raupapa STM32 me ngā taputapu DSP
4. DAC
Ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi DAC pērā i te PCM5102, i te ES9018 rānei, he DAC pai te kounga oro, hei huri i te tohu mamati ki te tohu anaro.
5. Pūorooro
Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā kaikorero hohe, te whakamahi rānei i tētahi waeine whakakaha iti pērā i te PAM8403 hei whakaputa i te oro mārama ake, nui ake hoki te oro.
Hoahoa Pūrere
Kaupapa Poraka
1. Pūihi -> 2. Kaiwhakatika -> 3. DSP -> 4. DAC -> 5. Kaikōrero
Kei te DSP te tukatuka matua o tēnei pūnaha, ka whiwhi te pūihi i te tohu, ka tīpakohia e te kaiwhakaara, kātahi ka uru ki te DSP mō te tukatuka mamati, ā, i te mutunga ka hurihia hei tohu anaro e te DAC ka tukuna mā te kaikorero.
Kaupapa Porowhita
1. Pūihi
– He hoahoa māmā o tētahi pūihi e hono ana ki tētahi tāuru whakahāngai.
2. Wāhanga Whakatū
– He hoahoa atanga i waenga i te kaiwhakatika me te pūmana iti e whakamahia ana mō te whakahaere auau.
3. DSP
– He hoahoa waea DSP e hono ana ki te kaiwhakaara hei whiwhi tohu tāuru, ā, e hono ana hoki ki te pūmana iti hei tukuake i te hōtaka.
4. DAC
– He hoahoa o te huringa tohu mamati mai i te DSP ki te tohu anaro e hono ana ki te kaikorero.
5. Pūorooro
– He hoahoa māmā mō te hono i te kaikōrero ki te whakakahaoro mēnā e tika ana.
Whakatinanatanga Pūmanawa
Kia oti te taputapu, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakawhanake i te pūmanawa ka rere i runga i te pūmana iti me te DSP.
Te Whakahaere i te Tuner
Tuatahi, kia tino mohio kei te taea e tō pūmana iti te kōrero ki te kaiwhakatika. Mō ngā kōwae e whakamahi ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero I2C, SPI rānei, me whakauru e koe te whare pukapuka I2C/SPI ki roto i tō pūmana iti.
Tauira waehere mō te whakahaere i te kōwae whakahāngai TEA5767 me Arduino:
"`cpp
ngā
whakakahoretanga whakakahore () {
Waea.tīmata(); // Whakatīmatatanga I2C
Serial.begin (9600);
setFrequency(101.1); // Tautuhia te auau ki te 101.1MHz
}
koropiko koretake () {
// kāore e hiahiatia
}
void setFrequency(auautanga mānu) {
uint16_t auauB = 4 (auau 1000000 + 225000) / 32768;
pūpare paita[5];
pūrua[0] = auauB >> 8;
pūrua[1] = auauB & 0XFF;
pūrua[2] = 0xB0;
pūrua[3] = 0x10;
pūrua[4] = 0x00;
Waea.tīmataTuku(0x60);
Waea.tuhi(pūtāhui, 5);
Waea.mutungaTuku();
}
""
Te Tukatuka Tohu me te DSP
Ka uaua ake pea te hōtaka DSP i runga i te momo me ngā āheinga o te DSP. Hei tauira, me te Texas Instruments DSP, ka whakamahia pea e koe te Code Composer Studio (CCS) hei whakawhanake me te tukuake waehere ki te DSP.
Tauira waehere rūpahu mō te DSP e whakakore ana i te tohu FM:
"`cpp
kore matua() {
initDSP(); // Tīmatahia te DSP
i te mea (1) {
// Pānuihia te tohu mai i te kaiwhakatika
tohuAnarā = pānuiAnarāWhakauru();
// Tukatuka tohu mamati
tohuMamati = anarauKiMamati(tohuAnarau);
teWhakakoreTohu = FM_Whakakore(tohuMamati);
// Tahurihia anō ki te tohu anaro
putangaTohu = matihikoKiAnalog(tohuwhakakore);
// Tukuna ki te DAC
tukuKiDAC(Tohu Putanga);
}
}
""
Te whakatū i te DAC
Kia oti te tukatuka i roto i te DSP, me tahuri te tohu matihiko ki te tohu anaro mā te whakamahi i te DAC. Ko te tikanga ka mahia tēnei tatūnga mā te I2C, mā te SPI rānei. Me whakarite kia hototahi te DAC e whakamahia ana e koe ki te putanga tohu matihiko mai i te DSP.
Tauira waehere māmā mō te whakahaere i tētahi PCM5102 DAC me tētahi Raspberry Pi:
"`Pitoni
kawemai i te smbus
pahi = smbus.SMBus(1)
wāhitau = 0x4C
def huinga_rōrahi(rōrahi):
pahi.tuhi_paita_raraunga(wāhitau, 0x00, rōrahi)
Whakatakotoria te oro ki tētahi taumata, hei tauira, 0x7F
te rahinga_whakatakoto(127)
""
Te Whakamātautau me te Patuiro
Kia honoa te ara iahiko katoa, kia tukuatuhia hoki te pūmanawa, ko te taahiraa e whai ake nei ko te whakamātautau kia tika ai te mahi a ngā wāhanga katoa.
Ngā Tohutohu Whakamātautau
1. Whakamātautauhia ia wāhanga motuhake i mua i te whakakotahitanga.
2. Whakamahia he Oscilloscope: Hei tirotiro i te āhua o te ngaru tohu i ngā pūwāhi rerekē o te ara iahiko.
3. Te Whakatikatika Āpiti: Mena he raruraru, wehea te raruraru mai i te wāhanga HF i mua i te urunga ki te DSP.
4. Kia tūpato ki ngā pokanoa: Ka pā pea te tūnga me te parenga o te pūihi ki te kounga o te tohu.
Hei whakamutunga, ki te mahi tika ngā wāhanga katoa, ka taea e koe te whakarongo ki te reo irirangi mamati me te kounga oro mārama mai i te pūnaha kua hangaia e koe.
Whakamutunga
Ko te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi matihiko me te DSP me mārama koe ki ngā taputapu tohu matihiko me te hōtaka. Mā te whakamahere tupato me te whiriwhiri tika i ngā wāhanga, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi matihiko kounga teitei. Ka whakaratohia e te DSP te ngāwari ki te tukatuka tohu, ā, ka taea hoki e ia te maha o ngā āhuatanga tāpiri kāore e taea e ngā tikanga anaro tuku iho. Kia pai tō hanga i tō ake reo irirangi matihiko, kia pai hoki ki ngā hua o tō mahi!
