Te Pūmanawa me te Tohatoha o ngā Rauemi Taiao o Initonīhia
Ko Indonesia, te whenua nui rawa atu o te ao, neke atu i te 17.000 ngā moutere, e whakamanamana ana ki te nui o ngā rauemi taiao. Kei te taha o te ekueta, kei waenganui i ngā whenua e rua, a Āhia me Ahitereiria, me ngā moana e rua, arā, ko te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa me te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, kei a Indonesia tētahi tūranga matawhenua rautaki. Nā tēnei ka waiho hei whenua he tino nui te kanorau koiora me te kaha ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi taiao. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou te kaha me te tohatoha o ngā rauemi taiao o Indonesia.
1. Ngā Rauemi Koiora Taiao
Ko te kanorau koiora o Initonīhia tētahi o ngā mea tino nui o te ao. He kāinga ngā ngahere ua nui o ngā ngahere pārūrū mō ngā mano tini o ngā momo tipu me ngā momo kararehe. Kua horapa ēnei ngahere pārūrū puta noa i ngā moutere nui pērā i a Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, me Papua. Ko ētahi o ngā momo rongonui o Initonīhia ko te orangutan Sumatran, te taika Sumatran, te arewhana Bornean, me te manu pararaiha o Papua.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, e mōhiotia ana a Indonesia hei pokapū mō te kanorau koiora o te moana. Kei roto i te Tapatoru Korara o te ao, he nui ngā momo toka korara, ngā ika, me ētahi atu mea ora o te moana i roto i ngā wai o Indonesia. Ko te Moana o Sulawesi, te Moana o Banda, me te Moana o Arafura ētahi o ngā rohe he kanorau koiora moana whakamiharo. Ehara i te mea he mea nui noa iho tēnei kanorau koiora mō te taiao engari he tautoko hoki i ngā ōhanga ā-rohe mā roto i ngā rāngai hī ika me te tūruhi moana.
2. Ngā Rauemi Taiao Kore-Ora
a. Hinu me te Hau Māori
Ko tētahi o ngā pūmanawa taiao nui rawa atu o Initonīhia ko ana rahui hinu me te hau. He maha ngā mara hinu o Initonīhia e horapa ana i ngā rohe maha, tae atu ki a Te Tai Tokerau o Sumatra, Riau, Java ki te Rawhiti, me Kalimantan ki te Rawhiti. Kua roa tēnei rāngai e noho ana hei pou tuara mō te ōhanga o Initonīhia. He taonga nui anō hoki te hau taiao, me ngā mara hau nui pērā i ngā Poraka Mahakam me Tangguh i Papua.
b. Waro
Ko Initonīhia tētahi o ngā whenua nui rawa atu o te ao e kaweake ana i te waro. Kei Kalimantan te nuinga o ngā maina waro, inā koa ko Kalimantan ki te Rawhiti me te Tonga, me Sumatra ki te Tonga. He puna hiko matua te waro, ā, he taonga kaweake nui hoki mō te ōhanga o te motu.
c. Ngā konganuku me ngā kohuke
Haunga te hinu me te waro, he nui hoki ngā konganuku me ngā kohuke i Initonīhia. He nui te koura, te hiriwa, me te parahi i Papua, ā, ko te maina Grasberg tētahi o ngā maina nui rawa atu o te ao. Hei tāpiri, he nui te nikara i Sulawei me Maluku, he mea nui mō te umanga pākahiko. He nui hoki te kaha o Initonīhia ki te hanga bauxite me te tine i ngā moutere o Bangka me Belitung.
3. Ngā Rauemi Taiao Whakahou
Hei whakaiti i tōna whakawhirinaki ki ngā wahie pūngoi, kua tīmata a Indonesia ki te tūhura me te whakawhanake i tōna pūmanawa mō ngā rauemi taiao hou. Hei whenua pārūrū me te takutai moana roa, he nui te pūmanawa o Indonesia mō te pūngao hou mai i ngā momo puna.
a. Pūngao Ā-whenua
Ko Initonīhia te tuarua o ngā whenua nui rawa atu kei reira te kaha pūngao waiariki o te ao i muri i te Hononga o Amerika. Ko te nuinga o tēnei kaha kei ngā rohe i ngā rohe puia, pērā i a Sumatra, Java, Bali, me Nusa Tenggara.
b. Pūngao Rā me te Hau
Nā te tūnga whenua o Initonīhia ka taea te whiti mai o te rā i te tau katoa, ā, he nui te pūmanawa mō te whakawhanake i te pūngao o te rā. Ahakoa he mea hou tonu te whakawhanake i te pūngao o te rā, he maha ngā wāhi kei te rawhiti o Initonīhia e tuku ana i te pūmanawa nui mō te whakawhanake. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā wāhi takutai moana he rite tonu te hau, pērā i a Sulawesi me Nusa Tenggara, e tuku ana hoki i te pūmanawa mō te whakamahi i te pūngao o te hau.
c. Pūngao Wai
He nui hoki te pūmanawa hiko wai o Initonīhia, i runga i ngā awa maha e rere ana puta noa i ōna moutere nui. He nui ngā pūmanawa o ētahi rohe, pērā i a Kalimantan me Sumatra, mō te whakawhanake i te hiko wai.
4. Ngā Wero me ngā Huarahi Whakahaere
Ahakoa te nui o ngā rauemi taiao, he maha ngā wero kei mua i a Indonesia mō te whakahaere i tēnei whenua. Ko tētahi o ēnei ko ngā mahi keri kore whakahaere, ā, he kino hoki ki te taiao, ka kino pea ngā pūnaha rauropi me te mōrearea ki te kanorau koiora. Ko te whakakorenga ngahere mō ngā māra he take nui anō hoki e pā ana ki te huringa āhuarangi o te ao.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te taupatupatu pānga i waenga i te whakamahi i ngā rauemi taiao me te tiaki i te taiao me te whakarato painga ki ngā hapori o te rohe he wero anō hoki me aro atu. Nō reira, me whai kaupapa here whakahaere rauemi taiao pumau me te mahi tahi a te kāwanatanga, ngā kamupene, me ngā hapori.
I tētahi atu taha, ko te nui o ngā rauemi taiao o Initonīhia e tuku ana i ngā whai wāhitanga mō te whanaketanga ōhanga me te whakapai ake i te oranga o te marea. Hei tauira, ko te whanaketanga pūngao whakahou he otinga pai mō te taiao hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia pūngao ā-whare. Waihoki, ko te whakahaere hī ika me te ngahere tauwhiro ka taea te tautoko i ngā ōhanga ā-rohe me te pupuri i te taurite o te rauropi.
Whakamutunga
He nui, he kanorau hoki ngā rauemi taiao o Initonīhia, arā, ngā rauemi koiora me ngā rauemi kore-koiora. He taonga nui tēnei taonga taiao mō te whanaketanga o te motu. Heoi anō, me aro nui ki ngā wero o tōna whakahaere kia taea ai e ngā tāngata katoa o Initonīhia te whai hua o ēnei rauemi i runga i te pumau. Mā te whakamahi pai me te kawenga i tōna pūmanawa nui, ka taea e Initonīhia te tiaki i tōna taiao me te whakatutuki i te whanaketanga ōhanga pumau me te whānui.
