Te Hanganga Anga Pai mō te Tāutanga o te Paewhiri Rā ki runga i ngā Momo Tuanui Rerekē
Ko te hiahia mō te pūngao ma kei te akiaki i te tini o ngā whare, ngā whare arumoni, me ngā whare ahumahi ki te tāuta i ngā tipu hiko o te rā (PLTS) i runga i te tuanui. Heoi, ko te mahi me te haumaru o ngā panera rā ehara i te mea ka whakatauhia e te kounga o ngā kōwae me ngā inverters anake, engari e te hanganga whakairi e tautoko ana i a rātou. Mā te anga pai ka whakarite kia mau te whakairinga o ngā panera, i te koki tika, me te rere o te hau e tika ana hei pupuri i te pāmahana o te panera, me te tiaki i ngā hau kaha me te ua nui. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā āhuatanga o ngā hanganga anga pai mō ngā momo tuanui me ngā āhuatanga matua hei whakaaro mō te tāutanga pakari me te whai hua.
He aha te hiranga o te hanganga anga?
Ka tino pai te mahi a ngā panera rā ina whiwhi rātou i te nui o te hihi o te rā, ā, kāore e wera rawa. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi nui ai te anga. Mā te anga pai ka:
1. Ātete ki ngā kawenga pūmau me ngā kawenga hihiri: tae atu ki te taumaha o te panera, ngā kawenga hau, me ngā kawenga ua nui pea.
2. Kia mau tonu te pari me te aronga: kia nui ake ai te whakaputa hiko puta noa i te tau.
3. Ārai i ngā turuturu o te tuanui: inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha e hiahia ana kia uru ki te pūtu, ki te punga rānei.
4. Ka whakarite kia ātete ki te waikura: nā te mea ka roa te wā e pāngia ai te anga e te wera, te wai me te parahanga.
5. Whakangāwari i te tiaki: he haumaru ake te urunga atu mō te horoi me te tirotiro i ngā taura me ngā hononga.
Ehara te hanganga anga rakau tino pai i te "rahi kotahi e pai ana mō te katoa," engari he mea urutau ki te momo tuanui, ki ngā āhuatanga o te papa, me ngā hiahia hoahoa pūnaha.
Ngā Mātāpono Whānui o te Anga o te Paewhiri Rā Pai rawa atu
I mua i te urunga atu ki ngā momo tuanui, he maha ngā mātāpono whānui hei tohutoro mō te whiriwhiri i tētahi anga:
– Ngā rauemi ātete-waikura: Ko te tikanga he konumohe kua pania ki te waikura me te maitai kua pania ki te waikura. Mō ngā rohe takutai moana he nui te tote, me kaha ake te tiaki i te waikura, tae atu ki te whiriwhiri i ngā pūtu maitai kore waikura e tika ana.
– Pūnaha whakapiri kounga: Me hototahi, me whai tiwhikete hoki ngā rawhi, ngā reera, me ngā hononga. Ki te kore e pai te whakapiri, ka neke, ka wiri rānei te waeine i ngā hau kaha.
– Te hauhautanga me te tawhiti o te panera mai i te tuanui: He tawhiti motuhake (he torutoru henimita te nuinga) kia rere ai te hau i raro i ngā panera, hei āwhina i te whakamatao me te whakapiki i te whai huatanga.
– Te tohatoha taumaha ōrite: Me whakawhiti te taumaha anga ki ngā wāhanga hanganga o te tuanui (ngā purlin, ngā truss, ngā kurupae rānei) kaua ki te uhi tuanui anake.
– Hoahoa paerewa: Ka whai ngā tataunga kawenga i ngā paerewa whare ā-rohe, inā koa mō ngā kawenga hau. Me aro nui atu ki ngā wāhi kei ngā whenua teitei, kei ngā takutai moana, kei ngā wāhi tuwhera rānei.
1. Ngā Tāera Tuanui (Taera Uku/Raima/Uku)
He maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā tuanui tāera i roto i ngā whare noho. Ko te wero nui ko te pakarukaru o ngā tāera, ā, kāore i hangaia hei tautoko i ngā kawenga pū tika mai i ngā pūtu. Nō reira, ko te anga pai mō te tuanui tāera e whakamahi ana i:
– Ka tāpirihia ngā matau tuanui, ngā whāriki motuhake rānei mō ngā taera tuanui ki te hanganga o raro (ngā papa/ngā tuanui). Kātahi ka whakatikatikaina, ka kutikutia rānei ngā taera i runga ake kia kore ai ngā whāriki e pēhi ki ngā taera.
– He rēri konumohe (pūnaha rēri) hei aho tautoko mō te kōwae, kia pai ai te tāutanga, kia ōrite ai hoki te tohatoha kawenga.
– Te whakakā me te hiri i ngā wāhi werohanga hei ārai i te turuturu o te wai.
Ko te mea nui ki te tāuta i te tuanui taera ko te whakarite kia kore e puta he pakaru, he āputa rānei i te tāutanga ka arahi pea ki te turuturu. He maha ngā wā me whakarite anō e ngā kaiwhakauru ētahi o ngā taera kia kore ai e hiki ake i te mata o te tuanui ngā whāriki.
2. Te Papa Whakarewa (Spandek, Zincalume, Tuinga Tuinga)
He rongonui te tuanui whakarewa mō ngā whare hou me ngā whare putunga nā tōna hoahoa māmā. E rua ngā āhuatanga matua: te tuanui whakarewa kōpiko (spandek) me te tuitui tū. Ko te anga pai ko:
– Mō ngā tuanui spandek/kōpikopiko: whakamahia ngā whāriki putu-L, ngā here rānei e piri ana ki te purlin me ngā tīwiri tuanui whakarewa motuhake kua whakauruhia ki ngā whakakī rapa EPDM. Kua tāutahia ngā reera konumohe ki runga ake i ngā whāriki.
– Mō ngā tuitui tū: ko te mea pai ko te whakamahi i tētahi rawhi tuitui kāore e uru. Mā tēnei ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā turuturu, ka roa ake hoki te ora o te tuanui.
Ka ngāwari te whānui me te whakaheke o ngā tuanui whakarewa nā te huringa o te pāmahana. Nō reira, me iti te ātete o te anga ki te nekehanga, me ngā pūwāhi tautoko tika hei karo i te haruru, te whakarerekētanga, te wetewete rānei o ngā pūtu.
3. Tuanui Konukuraiti (Taunui Papatahi)
He maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria ngā tuanui papatahi, ngā pereti raima rānei mō ngā whare maha-papa me ngā whare hou. Ko tō rātou painga ko te taea te whakapiko i ngā panera mā te whakamahi i tētahi anga whakarara hei whakatutuki i te hua tino pai. Heoi, ko ngā wero matua ko te ārai wai me te kawenga tāpiri. Ko te anga pai mō te tuanui papatahi he mea hanga i ēnei:
– Pūnaha whakairinga taumaha (anga taumaha): ka taumahahia te anga (hei tauira, poraka raima) me te kore e pokaia te tuanui, kia iti ai te tūponotanga o ngā turuturu.
– He anga whakatītaha me tētahi koki whakatītaha (hei tauira, 10–15 nekehanga) e whakataurite ana i te whakaputanga pūngao, te kawenga hau, me te mōrearea atarangi i waenga i ngā rarangi panera.
– Whakaritea te tawhiti i waenga i ngā rarangi (te tawhiti i waenga i ngā rarangi) hei ārai i te atarangi, inā koa i te wā e pōuri ana te rā.
Mena e hiahiatia ana te urunga, me whakamahi i tētahi tikanga haumaru me tētahi pūnaha ārai wai mārama. Me tirotiro hoki te tuanui raima mō te kaha hanganga kia kore ai te kawenga tāpiri mai i ngā panera me te anga e neke ake i ngā rohe.
4. Tuanui Āpihopa/Muka Sima (Whare Tawhito)
Kei te kitea tonu ngā tuanui asbestos, muka sima rānei i ētahi whare tawhito. He pakarukaru tēnei momo tuanui, ā, kei te mōrearea te pakaru mēnā ka pokaia, ka tukuna rānei ki ngā kawenga koi. Nō reira, ko te huarahi pai ko te karo i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā pepa asbestos, engari:
– Te punga ki te hanganga tuanui i raro (ngā tuanui, ngā purlin rānei) mā te whakamahi i ngā whāriki e uru pai ana ki roto i te tuanui.
– Whakamahia he taputapu hora kawenga (he pereti turanga whānui ake, he whāriki rānei) hei whakaiti i te pēhanga ki tētahi pūwāhi.
– I ngā wā maha, ko te otinga tino pai ko te whakakapi i te tuanui ki tētahi rauemi haumaru ake, kaha ake hoki i mua i te tāutanga o ngā panera.
He mea nui anō hoki ngā whakaaro mō te haumaru mahi, nā te mea he mōrearea hauora ngā rauemi asbestos mēnā ka pakaru, ka puta hoki he puehu.
5. Tuanui Papa Rākau, Tuanui Rākau Tuku Iho rānei
I ētahi wāhi, kei te whakamahia tonutia ngā tuanui rakau, ngā tuanui kirikiri rānei. Nā ngā āhuatanga o ngā rauemi rauropi ka nui ake te aro ki te makuku, ki ngā moko, me te whakarerekētanga o te āhua. Ko te anga tino pai:
– Whakamahia ngā whakapiripiri maitai kore waikura, ngā rauemi ārai-waikura rānei hei karo i ngā pānga kino me ngā paru.
– Me whakarite kia pai te kanapa o te uruhanga, nā te mea ka turuturu ngāwari te rakau mēnā kāore i te piri ngā hononga.
– Whakatakotoria te tūāpapa ki runga i ngā wāhanga hanganga rakau tino kaha, kaua ki runga i ngā papa hipoki.
Me tirotirohia te āhua o te rakau i mua i te tāutanga ki te tuanui rakau. Mena kua pirau kē te anga o te tuanui, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te kino mēnā ka tāutahia he panera.
Ngā Take Tāpiri: Te Hau, te Uira, me te Tiaki
Haunga te momo tuanui, he maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te hoahoa o te anga:
– Ngā kawenga hau: Me whai pūnaha here me ngā pūwāhi whakamau kaha ake ngā wāhi takutai moana, ngā wāhi tuwhera rānei. Me hoahoa te anga kia kore ai e nui rawa te hiki.
– Te whakapūmau whenua me te tiaki uira: Ko te tikanga, me whakapūmau whenua ngā anga o ngā panera hei ārai i te hiko. I ētahi whare, me whakarerekē pea ngā pūnaha tiaki uira.
– Te urunga tiaki: Waiho ngā ara tirotiro kia taea ai te horoi i ngā panera, te tirotiro i ngā pūtu, me te aroturuki i ngā taura, me te kore e whakararu i ngā kainoho.
Whakamutunga
Ko te hanganga anga tino pai mō te tāutanga o te papa rā me whakarite kia rite ki te momo tuanui me ngā āhuatanga o te whare, kaua e hangai noa ki ngā manakohanga hua. Me whai matau me te whakahaere motuhake ngā tuanui taera hei ārai i ngā turuturu; he hototahi ngā tuanui whakarewa ki ngā whāriki, ki ngā rawhi tuitui rānei; he pai ngā tuanui raima ki ngā pūnaha pereti, ki ngā pūnaha anga-whakatītaha rānei; ko ngā tuanui asbestos me ngā tuanui rakau me tino tupato ki te tohatoha kawenga me te ārai wai. Mā te anga tika—he kaha, he ātete ki te waikura, he ātete ki te turuturu, ā, e ai ki ngā tātaitanga kawenga—ka taea e ngā tipu hiko rā o runga tuanui te mahi pumau mō ngā tekau tau, ā, ka whakarato i ngā painga pūngao ma mōrahi.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te āwhina i a koe ki te waihanga i tētahi putanga hangarau ake o tēnei tuhinga (hei tauira, tae atu ki ngā koki honga e taunakitia ana mō Initonīhia, te tawhiti o ngā rēri, te rārangi arowhai tirotiro hanganga tuanui i mua i te tāutanga).
