Te Mārama ki te Mahi me ngā Momo o ngā Kaitahuri i roto i ngā Pūnaha Paewhiri Rā
He tino nui, he mutunga kore hoki te pūtake o te pūngao hou te rā. I ngā tekau tau tata nei, kua tino piki ake te whakamahinga o ngā panera rā hei pūtake hiko puta noa i te ao. Ka taea e ngā panera rā te huri i te pūngao rā ki te hiko mā te tukanga e mōhiotia ana ko te huringa photovoltaic. Heoi, ko te hiko e whakaputaina ana e ngā panera rā he au tika (DC), kāore e taea te whakamahi tika e te maha o ngā taputapu hiko o te whare, e hiahia ana ki te au rerekē (AC). Koinei te wāhi e tino hira ai ngā kaitahuri i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga te mahi me ngā momo kaitahuri e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā.
Te Mahi a te Inverter i roto i te Pūnaha Paewhiri Rā
He taputapu hiko te inverter e huri ana i te au hiko tika (DC) e hangaia ana e ngā panera rā ki te au hiko rerekē (AC), e taea ai te whakamahi i te hiko e ngā taputapu o te whare, te tuku rānei ki te whatunga hiko. Ko ngā mahi matua o te inverter i roto i te pūnaha panera rā ko:
1. Te Huringa o te DC ki te AC: Ko te mahi matua o te inverter he huri i te iahiko tika e whakaputaina ana e ngā panera rā ki te iahiko tauutuutu, ka taea te whakamahi e ngā taputapu whare me ētahi atu taputapu hiko. He mahi nui tēnei nā te mea he maha ngā taputapu hiko e whakamahi ana i te iahiko tauutuutu.
2. Te Whakanuia o te Whai Hua o te Pūngao: Kei ngā inverters hou ngā hangarau matatau ka taea te whakanui ake i te putanga pūngao o ngā panera rā. Kei ētahi inverters te kaha ki te arotau i ngā pūngao hiko mōrahi (Te Aroturuki Pūngao Mana Mōrahi, MPPT rānei), e whakarite ana kia mahi ngā panera rā i tō rātou whai huatanga teitei rawa atu i raro i te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga taiao.
3. Whakahaerehia te Whakaurunga Whatunga: Ka tukutahi te inverter i roto i te pūnaha panera rā e herea ana ki te whatunga hiko i te putanga hiko me te whatunga hiko tūmatanui. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tuku hiko taikaha i hangaia e ngā panera rā ki te whatunga hiko, me te whiwhi nama mai i te kamupene hiko mā te tikanga e mōhiotia ana ko te ine kupenga.
4. Ngā Mahi Tiaki me te Haumaru: He mahi nui anō hoki tā ngā kaitahuri hiko ki te pupuri i te haumaru o ngā pūnaha panera rā. He maha ngā āhuatanga tiaki kei roto, pērā i te tiaki i te ngaohiko nui, te tiaki i te ara iahiko poto, me te kite i te wehenga, e tiaki ana i te pūnaha mai i ngā kino me ngā rahunga pea.
5. Aroturuki me te Tātaritanga: He maha ngā kaitahuri hiko hou kua rite ki ngā pūnaha aroturuki e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te aroturuki i te mahi a te papahiko rā i te wā tūturu mā te taupānga, mā te tomokanga tukutuku rānei. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te tautuhi me te whakatika i ngā take mēnā e tika ana.
Ngā Momo Inverters i roto i ngā Pūnaha Paewhiri Rā
He maha ngā momo inverters e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā, he rerekē ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ia momo. Anei ngā momo inverters e tino kitea ana:
1. Pūwhakahuri Tū-Motuhake
Ka whakamahia ngā kaitahuri motuhake i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā kore-whatunga. Ka hurihia e tēnei momo kaitahuri te hiko DC kua rongoatia i roto i te pēke pākahiko hei hiko AC hei whakamahi mā ngā taputapu o te whare. Me tino pono ngā kaitahuri motuhake nā te mea ko ngā hiahia hiko katoa o te whare e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hiko e whakaputaina ana e rātou.
2. Pūwhakawhiti Here-Whatunga
Ko te kaitahuri here-pūnaha he momo kaitahuri e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā e hono ana ki te whatunga hiko tūmatanui (i runga i te whatunga). Ka taea e tēnei kaitahuri te tukutahi i te putanga hiko AC me te āhua me te auau o te whatunga. Ko te painga matua o te pūnaha here-pūnaha ko te taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te hoko atu i te hiko nui i hangaia e ngā panera rā ki te kamupene ratonga, me te whakamahi i te hiko mai i te whatunga ina kore e ranea ngā panera rā.
3. Pūwhakahuri Ranu
Ka whakakotahihia e ngā kaitahuri ranu ngā āhuatanga o ngā kaitahuri tūkotahi me ngā kaitahuri here-pūnaha. Ko te tikanga, kei roto i ēnei pūnaha he pēke pākahiko hei rokiroki hiko, ā, ka honoa ki te whatunga hiko tūmatanui. Ka tukuna e ngā kaitahuri ranu ki ngā kaiwhakamahi te ngāwari ki te penapena i te hiko kua whakaputaina mō te whakamahinga ā muri ake nei, te whakamahi tika, te whāngai anō rānei ki te whatunga hiko. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakamahi pūngao pai ake me te whakanui ake i te haumarutanga o te tuku hiko.
4. Pūwhakawhiti Iti
He momo kaitahuri hiko te kaitahuri hiko iti e tāutahia ana ki ia panera rā takitahi. I roto i te pūnaha kaitahuri hiko iti, ka mahi takitahi ia panera rā, ko te tikanga kāore te mahi iti o tētahi panera e pā ki te mahi a ētahi atu. He tino whai hua tēnei i ngā āhuatanga ka āraihia pea tētahi wāhanga o te pūnaha panera rā, ka heke rānei te mahi nā ngā āhuatanga taiao.
5. Kaitahuri Aho
Ko ngā inverter aho te momo inverter tino noa e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā o te whare. I roto i tēnei whirihoranga, ka honoa ngā panera rā maha i roto i te raupapa hei hanga i te aho, me ia aho e hono ana ki te inverter aho. He iti ake te utu me te māmā ake te tāuta i ngā inverter aho i ngā inverter iti, engari ka pāngia te mahi o te pūnaha katoa e te mahi a te panera iti rawa te mahi i roto i te aho.
6. Pūwhakahuri Waenga
He rite ngā kaitahuri matua ki ngā kaitahuri aho engari e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā nui, pērā i ngā tono arumoni, i ngā tipu hiko rā rānei. Ka whakakotahi ngā kaitahuri matua i te putanga mai i ngā aho panera rā maha ki roto i te pūwāhi putanga kotahi. Ka whakangawari i te whakahaere me te whakahaere hiko engari me nui ake te tāutanga me te utu tīmatanga teitei ake.
Whakamutunga
He wāhanga nui te inverter i roto i te pūnaha panera rā, e huri ana i te hiko DC i hangaia e ngā panera rā ki te hiko AC ka taea te whakamahi e ngā taputapu o te whare, te tuku rānei ki te whatunga hiko tūmatanui. Ka whakapai ake hoki ngā inverter i te whai huatanga o te pūngao, te whakahaere i te whakaurunga whatunga, te whakarato tiaki me te haumarutanga, me te whakarato aroturuki me te tātaritanga.
He maha ngā momo kaitahuri e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha panera rā, tae atu ki ngā kaitahuri tū-kotahi, ngā kaitahuri here-pūnaha, ngā kaitahuri ranu, ngā kaitahuri moroiti, ngā kaitahuri aho, me ngā kaitahuri pokapū. He painga me he ngoikoretanga o ia momo kaitahuri me whai whakaaro ki ngā hiahia me ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te pūnaha panera rā e whakamahia ana.
Mā te mārama ki ngā mahi me ngā momo inverters e wātea ana, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te whakatau whai whakaaro ake i te whiriwhiri i te inverter tika mō tā rātou pūnaha papa rā, kia pai ai te whai hua me te pono o te whakarato hiko mai i ngā puna ma me ngā puna whakahou.
