Te ture tuarua o te nekehanga a Newton – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

Ngā whakaoti rapanga i roto i ngā ture nekehanga a Newton – te ture nekehanga tuarua a Newton 

1. I whakaterea he mea 1 kg te taumaha i te tere pumau 5 m/s²Whakatauhia te kaha kupenga e hiahiatia ana hei whakatere i te mea.

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha (m) = 1 kg

whakaterenga (a) = 5 m/s²

hiahia : te kaha kupenga (∑F)

Rongoā:

Ka whakamahia e mātou te ture tuarua a Newton hei tiki i te kaha kupenga.

∑F = ma

∑F = (1 kg)(5 m/s)²) = 5 kg m/s² = 5 Niutona

2. Mass o tētahi mea = 1 kg, te kaha kupenga ∑F = 2 Newton. Whakatauhia te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga o te mea….

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha (m) = 1 kg

Te kaha kupenga (∑F) = 2 Newton

hiahia : Te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga (a)

Rongoā:

a = ∑F / m

ā = 2 / 1

a = 2 m/s²

Ko te ahunga o te whakaterenga = te ahunga o te kaha kupenga (∑F)

3. Papatipu o te mea = 2 kg, F₁ = 5 Newton, F₂ = 3 Ngā Newton. Ko te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga ko…

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha (m) = 2 kg

F₁ = 5 Niutona

F₂ = 3 Niutona

E hiahiatia ana: Te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga (a)

Rongoā:

te kaha kupenga:

∑F = F₁ - F₂ = 5 – 3 = 2 Nītona

Te rahi o te whakaterenga:

a = ∑F / m

ā = 2 / 2

a = 1 m/s²

Te ahunga o te whakaterenga = te ahunga o te kaha kupenga = te ahunga o F₁

4. Papatipu o te mea = 2 kg, F₁ = 10 Newton, F₂ = 1 Ngā Newton. Ko te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga ko…

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha (m) = 2 kg

F₂ = 1 Niutona

F₁ = 10 Niutona

F_1x =F₁ whaimana 60^o = (10)(0.5) = 5 Ngā Newton

hiahia : Te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga (a)

Rongoā:

Te kaha kupenga:

∑F = F_1x - F₂ = 5 – 1 = 4 Nītona

Te rahi o te whakaterenga:

a = ∑F / m

ā = 4 / 2

a = 2 m/s²

Te ahunga o te whakaterenga = te ahunga o te kaha kupenga = te ahunga o F_1x

5. F₁ = 10 Newton, F₂ = 1 Newton, m₁ = 1 kg, mita₂ = 2 kg. Ko te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga ko…

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha 1 (m₁) = 1 kirokaramu

Taumaha 2 (m₂) = 2 kirokaramu

F₁ = 10 Niutona

F₂ = 1 Niutona

hiahia : Te rahi me te ahunga o te whakaterenga (a)

Rongoā:

Te kaha kupenga:

∑F = F₁ - F₂ = 10 – 1 = 9 Nītona

Te rahi o te whakaterenga:

a = ∑F / (m₁ +m₂)

ā = 9 / (1 + 2)

ā = 9 / 3

a = 3 m/s²

Ko te ahunga o te whakaterenga = te ahunga o te kaha kupenga = te ahunga o F₁

6.

He poraka 40-kg te taumaha i whakaterea ake e te kaha o te 200 N. Ko te whakaterenga o te poraka he 3 m/s²Whakatauhia te rahi o te kaha waku e pā ana ki te poraka.

A. 15 N

B. 40 N

C. 43 N

D. 80 N

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha (m) = 40 kg

Te kaha (F) = 200 N

Whakaterenga (a) = 3 m/s²

Hiahia: Te kaha waku (F_g)

Rongoā:

Ko te whārite o Te ture tuarua o te nekehanga a Newton

∑F = ma

∑F = te kaha kupenga, m = te papatipu, a = te whakaterenga

Ko te ahunga o te kaha F ki matau, ko te ahunga o te kaha waku ki maui (ko te ahunga o te kaha waku he ritenga kē ki te ahunga o te nekehanga o te mea).

Kōwhiria te taha matau hei pai, me te taha maui hei kino.

∑F = ma

Wh – Wh_g = mā

200 – F_g = (40)(3)

200 – F_g = 120

F_g = 200 - 120

F_g = 80 Niutona

Ko te whakautu tika ko D.

7. Whakatakotoria te poraka A he 100 karamu te taumaha ki runga ake i te poraka B he 300 karamu te taumaha, kātahi ka panaia te poraka B ki runga me te kaha 5 N poutū. Tātaihia te kaha noa i whakamahia e te poraka B ki te poraka A.

A. 1 N

B. 1.25 N

C. 2 N

D. 3 N

Mōhiotia:

Te Kaha (F) = 5 Newton

Te taumaha o te poraka A (m_A) = 100 karamu = 0.1 kg

Te taumaha o te poraka B (m_B) = 300 karamu = 0.3 kg

Te whakaterenga o te kaha ā-papa (g) = 10 m/s²

Taumaha o te poraka A (w_A) = (0.1 kg)(10 m/s²) = 1 kg m/s² = 1 Niutona

Taumaha o te poraka B (w_B) = (0.3 kg)(10 m/s²) = 3 kg m/s² = 3 Niutona

E hiahiatia ana: Te kaha noa i tukuna e te poraka B ki te poraka A

Rongoā:

He maha ngā kaha e pā ana ki ngā poraka e rua, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia.

F = te kaha pana (mahi ki te poraka B)

w_A = te taumaha o te poraka A (mahi ki te poraka A)

w_B = te taumaha o te poraka B (mahi ki te poraka B)

N_A = te kaha noa i tukuna e te poraka B ki te poraka A (Tuhinga ki te poraka A)

N_A' = te kaha noa i tukuna e te poraka A ki te poraka B (Tuhinga ki te poraka B)

Whakamahia te ture nekehanga tuarua a Newton ki ngā poraka e rua:

∑F = ma

F – w_A - w_B +N_A - N_A' = (m_A +m_B) a

N_A a N_A' ko ngā kaha mahi-tauhohenga he rite te rahi engari he rerekē te ahunga, nō reira kua tangohia atu i te whārite.

F – w_A - w_B = (m_A +m_B) a

5 – 1 – 3 = (0.1 + 0.3) he

5 – 4 = (0.4) a

1 = (0.4) he

ā = 1 / 0.4

a = 2.5 m/s²

Whakamahia te ture nekehanga tuarua a Newton ki te poraka A:

∑F = ma

N_A - w_A = m_A a

N_A – 1 = (0.1)(2.5)

N_A - 1 = 0.25

N_A = 1 + 0.25

N_A = 1.25 Niutona

Ko te whakautu tika ko B.

8. He mea e 4 N te taumaha e tautokona ana e te taura me te pūrei. Ka pā te kaha o te 2 N ki te poraka, ā, ka kumea tetahi pito o te taura e te kaha o te 9 N. Tātaihia te kaha kupenga e pā ana ki te mea X.

A. 3 N ki runga

B. 4 N ki raro

C. 9 N ki runga

D. 9 N ki raro

Mōhiotia:

Taumaha o X (w_X) = 4 Niutona

Te kaha tō (F)_x) = 2 Niutona

Te kaha kume (F_T) = 9 Niutona

Hiahia: Ka pā te kaha kupenga ki te mea X

Rongoā:

Ngā kaha poutū whakarunga e pā ana ki te mea

He rite tonu te kaha kume i ngā wāhanga katoa o te taura. Nō reira, ko te kaha kume he 9 N.

Ngā kaha poutū ki raro e pā ana ki te mea

E rua ngā kaha e pā ana ki te mea X, ā, e rua ngā kaha e poutū ana ki raro, ko te wāhanga whakapae o te taumaha w_x me te wāhanga whakapae o te kaha F_x.

Te pānga o te kaha kupenga ki te mea

F_T - w_X - F_x = 9 – 4 – 2 = 9 – 6 = 3

Ko te kaha kupenga e pā ana ki te mea X he 3 Newton, e anga whakarunga poutū ana ki runga.

Ko te whakautu tika ko A.

9. He mea e okioki ana i te tīmatanga i runga i tētahi mata whakapae maeneene. Ka pā te kaha o te 16 N ki te mea, ā, ka tere ake te mea i te 2 m/s². Mena kei te tū te mea kotahi i runga i te mata whakapae taratara, nō reira ko te kaha waku e pā ana ki te mea he 2 N, tātaihia te whakaterenga o te mea mena ko te kaha ōrite o te 16 N e pā ana ki te mea.

A. 1.75 m/s²

B. 1.50 m/s²

C. 1.00 m/s²

D. 0.88 m/s²

Mōhiotia:

Te kaha (F) = 16 Newton = 16 kg m/s²

Whakaterenga (a) = 2 m/s²

Te kaha waku (F_fric) = 2 Newton = 2 kg m/s²

E hiahiatia ana: Te whakaterenga o te mea?

Rongoā:

Mata whakapae maeneene (kāore he kaha waku):

∑F = ma

F = ma

16 = (m) 2

m = 16 / 2

m = 8 kg

Ko te taumaha o te mea he 8 kirokaramu.

Mata whakapae taratara (he kaha waku kei reira):

∑F = ma

Wh – Wh_fric = mā

16 – 2 = 8 a

14 = 8

ā = 14 / 8

a = 1.75 m/s²

Ko te whakaterenga o te mea he 1.75 m/s².

Ko te whakautu tika ko A.

10. Ka panaia e Tāme rāua ko Anaru tētahi mea ki runga i te papa maeneene. Ka panaia e Tāme te mea me te kaha o te 5.70 N. Mena ko te taumaha o te mea he 2.00 kg, ā, ko te whakaterenga e pā ana ki te mea he 2.00 ms.^-2, kātahi ka whakatauhia te rahi me te ahunga o te mahi a te kaha e Tom.

A. 1.70 N, ā, ko tōna ahunga he ritenga kē ki te kaha i pā ki a Andre.w

B. 1.70 N, ā, ko tōna ahunga he rite ki te kaha i pā ki a Andrew

C. 2.30 N, ā, ko tōna ahunga he ritenga kē ki te kaha i pā ki a Andrew.

D. 2.30 N, ā, ko tōna ahunga he rite ki te kaha i pā ki a Andrew.

Mōhiotia:

Te kaha pana i whakahaerehia e Andrew (F)₁) = 5.70 Niutona

Papatipu o te mea (m) = 2.00 kg

Whakaterenga (a) = 2.00 m/s²

E hiahiatia ana: Te rahi me te ahunga o te kaha i mahia e Tom (F₂)?

Rongoā:

Whakamahia te ture tuarua o te nekehanga a Newton:

∑F = ma

F₁ +F₂ = mā

5.70 + F₂ = (2)(2)

5.70 + F₂ = 4

F₂ = 4 - 5.70

F₂ = – 1.7 Nūtene

I tohuhia e te tohu tango (F₂) he ritenga kē ki te mahi pana kaha a Andrew (F₁).

Ko te whakautu tika ko A.

11. Mena he ōrite te taumaha o te poraka, ko tēhea ahua e whakaatu ana i te whakaterenga iti rawa?

otinga

Te kaha kupenga A:

ΣF = 4 N + 2 N – 3 N = 6 N – 3 N = 3 Newtons, whakatemauī

Te kaha kupenga B:

ΣF = 2 N + 3 N – 4 N = 5 N – 4 N = 1 Newtons, whakamatau

Te kaha kupenga C:

ΣF = 4 N + 3 N – 2 N = 7 N – 2 N = 5 Newtons, whakamatau

Te kaha kupenga D:

ΣF = 3 N + 4 N + 2 N = 9 Newtons, whakatikai

Ko te whārite o te ture tuarua a Newton:

ΣF = ma

a = ΣF / m

a = whakaterenga, ΣF = kaha kupenga, m = papatipu

I runga i te tātai i runga ake nei, he rite tonu te tere whakaterenga (a) ki te kaha kupenga (ΣF) me te rite whakamuri ki te papatipu (m). Mena he ōrite te papatipu o tētahi mea, ko te nui ake o te kaha ka puta, ko te nui ake o te tere whakaterenga, ko te iti iho rānei o te kaha ka puta, ko te iti iho o te tere whakaterenga.
I runga i te tātaitanga i runga ake nei, ko te kaha kupenga iti rawa ko te 1 Newton, nō reira ko te whakaterenga hoki te mea iti rawa.

Ko te whakautu tika ko B.

12. Ka pā ētahi kaha ki tētahi mea he 20 kg te taumaha, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei.

Whakatauhia te whakaterenga o te mea.

Mōhiotia:

Papatipu o te mea (m) = 20 kg

Topa kupenga (ΣF) = 25 N + 30 N – 15 N = 40 N

Hiahia: Te whakaterenga o tētahi mea

Rongoā:

Te whakaterenga o te mea i tatauhia mā te whakamahi i te whārite o te ture tuarua a Newton:

ΣF = ma

a = ΣF / m = 40 N / 20 kg = 2 N/kg = 2 m/s²

13. Ko tēhea kōrero i raro nei e whakaahua ana i te ture tuatoru o Newton?

(1) I pana whakamua ngā pāhihi i te wā i pēhi ohorere ai te pahi

(2) Bngā pukapuka i runga i te pepa kāore e hinga ana ina tere te kume o te pepa

(3) I te wā e takaro ana i te papa reti, ka pana te waewae i te whenua ki muri, ka paheke whakamua te papa reti.

(4) Oka panaia whakamuri ngā waka, ka neke whakamua ngā waka

Rongoā:

(1) Te ture tuatahi a Newton

(2) Te ture tuatahi a Newton

(3) Te ture tuatoru a Newton

(4) Te ture tuatoru a Newton

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1. Papatipu me te taumaha
2. Te kaha noa
3. Te ture tuarua o te nekehanga a Newton
4. Te kaha waku
5. Te nekehanga i runga i te mata whakapae me te kore he kaha waku
6. Te nekehanga o ngā tinana e rua me te tere tere ōrite i runga i te mata whakapae taratara me te kaha waku
7. Te nekehanga i runga i te papa whakarara me te kore he kaha waku
8. Te nekehanga i runga i te papa whakarara taratara me te kaha waku
9. Te nekehanga i roto i te ararewa
10. Ka honoa te nekehanga o ngā tinana e ngā taura me ngā pūrere
11. E rua ngā tinana he rite te rahi o te whakaterenga
12. Te whakaawhiwhi i tētahi piko papatahi – ngā nekehanga porowhita
13. Te whakaawhiwhi i tētahi kōpiko peeke – ngā hihiri o te nekehanga porowhita
14. Te nekehanga ōrite i roto i te porowhita whakapae
15. Te kaha pokapū i roto i te nekehanga porowhita ōrite