Te tirohanga tata me te tirohanga tawhiti – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga
1. Ka taea e te tamaiti kāore i te tino matatau te whakarongo te pānui pukapuka i te tawhiti tata o te 1 mita. Hei pānui i te tawhiti pānui noa o te 25 cm, tātaihia te kaha o te karāhe arotahi me whakamahi e te tamaiti.
Rongoā:
E pāngia ana te tamaiti e te tirohanga tawhiti , arā, ko te pūwāhi tata o ōna kanohi he 1 mita, 100 cm rānei. Ko te pūwāhi tata o te kanohi noa he 25 cm. Ka taea te whakataurite i te kanohi mā te whakamahi i te karāhe arotahi kōpikopiko.
Mōhiotia:
Te pūwāhi tata = te tawhiti o te ahua (s') = -100 cm
Me noho te atarangi ki mua i te karāhe kōpikopiko kia kitea ai. Nā te mea kei mua i te karāhe kōpikopiko te atarangi, he mariko te ahua, ā, he tohu kino.
Te tawhiti pānui noa = te tawhiti o te mea (s) = 25 cm
E hiahiatia ana : Te Mana o te Arotahi
Rongoā:
Te roa o te arotahi o te karu arotahi (f):
1/h = 1/h + 1/h' = 1/25 – 1/100 = 4/100 – 1/100 = 3/100
f = 100/3 henimita
f = (100/3 : 100) mita
f = (100/3 x 1/100) mita
f = 1/3 mita
Te kaha o te arotahi kōpiko (P):
P = 1 /f = 1 : 1/3 = 1 x 3/1 = 3 Ngā Diopter.
Ko te kaha o te arotahi kōpiko he 3 diopters.
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2.
I runga i te pikitia i runga ake nei, tautuhia te hapa kanohi i whakamahia hei whakataurite i te kanohi.
otinga
Ngā hapa o te kanohi: te tirohanga tawhiti
Ka taea te arotahi tika i te hihi mārama ki te retina ina whakatakotoria he karu whāiti ki mua i te kanohi. Ka āwhina ngā karu whāiti ki te hora i te hihi mārama kia taea ai te arotahi tika ki te retina.
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3. Ka taea e te tangata te pānui i te tawhiti tata rawa o te 50 cm. Kia taea ai e ia te pānui i te tawhiti o te 30 cm, tātaihia te kaha o te karāhe o ngā mōhiti.
Rongoā:
Kei te pāngia te tangata e te tirohanga tata , ko ngā karāhe e whakamahia ana hei whakatika i te tirohanga tata ko ngā karāhe pūkohu, ngā karāhe hūpeke rānei, ngā karāhe pai rānei.
Kia 30 cm te tawhiti o te mea e tirohia ana ki mua i te kanohi, me hanga e te karu arotahi he ahua i te tawhiti o te 50 cm. Kei mua i te karu arotahi te ahua kia poutū, kia mariko hoki te ahua.
Mōhiotia:
Te tawhiti (s) o te mea = 30 cm
Te tawhiti (s') o te ahua = -50 cm ( kino nā te mea he mariko )
E hiahiatia ana: Te mana o te arotahi (P)
Rongoā:
Roanga arotahi:
1/h = 1/h + 1/h'
1/f = 1/30 + 1/-50
1/f = 5/150 – 3/150
1/f = 2/150
f = 150/2 = 75 cm = 0.75 mita = 75/100 mita s
Ko te roa arotahi kua tohua he pai ko te tikanga he arotahi kōpuku te arotahi e whakamahia ana.
Te mana o te arotahi:
P = 1/f
P = 1 : 75/100 = 1 x 100/75
P = 100/75
P = 4/3 Diopters
