Ngā otinga mō te hī ika nui rawa i ngā wai o Initonīhia
E mōhiotia ana a Initonīhia ko te whenua moutere nui rawa atu o te ao, he takutai roa, he rohe moana whānui hoki. Ehara i te mea ko ngā rauemi moana o Initonīhia anake e whakarato ana i te kai me te mahi, engari e tautoko ana hoki i te ahurea, te tūruhi, me te pumau ohaoha o ngā rohe takutai maha. Heoi, i ngā tekau tau tata nei, kua tino piki ake te pēhanga ki ngā rauemi ika. Ko tētahi o ngā raruraru tino nui ko te hī ika nui rawa—ko te hī ika e nui atu ana i te kaha whakaora taiao o ngā taupori ika. Ki te kore e whakatikahia, ka taea e te hī ika nui te heke o ngā ika, te heke o ngā moni whiwhi a ngā kaihao ika, te pikinga o ngā utu kai moana, tae noa ki te whakangaromanga o ngā pūnaha rauropi e mahi ana hei "kāinga" mō ngā momo momo. Nō reira, me whai otinga pakari, tika, me te pūtaiao hoki a Initonīhia.
Te mārama ki ngā pūtake o te hī ika nui rawa
Ko te nuinga o te wā, ehara i te mea nā te mea kotahi anake te take e puta ai te nui rawa o te hī ika, engari nā te whakakotahitanga o te hiahia ōhanga, te ngoikore o te tirotiro, me ngā tikanga hī ika kore e pumau. I ētahi wāhi, kei te tere piki haere te maha o ngā waka me ngā taputapu hī ika, engari kei te iti tonu te kaha o te pūnaha rauropi ki te whakaputa ika. I tētahi atu taha, kei te puta anō hoki ngā hī ika ture kore, kāore i te pūrongohia, kāore hoki i te whakahaeretia, e kiia ana ko te hī ika IUU. Ka whakararu tēnei mahi i ngā mahi whakahaere mā te kore e tika ngā raraunga hopu ika me te kore e taea te whakahaere i ngā momo ika.
Hei tāpiritanga atu, mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu hī ika kino ki te taiao pērā i ngā poma ika, ngā paitini, ngā kupenga iti rawa rānei, ka taea te hopu i ngā ika taitamariki i mua i te wā e whakaputa uri ai. Ehara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i te maha o ngā ika, engari ka kino hoki ngā toka korara me ētahi atu nohoanga nui pērā i ngā moenga tarutaru moana me ngā mangrove.
Otinga 1: Pūtaiao me te whakahaere hī ika e hangai ana ki ngā raraunga
Ko te otinga matua mō te hī ika nui rawa ko te whakatū i ngā ture hopu ika i runga i ngā rangahau pūtaiao. Me whakarite e te kāwanatanga kia whakatūria ngā rohenga hopu ika, ngā rahi ika e whakaaetia ana, me ngā wā hī ika i runga i ngā raraunga ika hou. Me whai rangahau auau tēnei, me aroturuki i ngā taupori ika, me tētahi pūnaha pūrongo hopu ika whai hua.
Ko te tikanga o te huarahi pūtaiao ko te whakatū i ngā tohutoro (ngā rohe haumaru) mō ngā momo ika. Mēnā ka heke te maha o ngā ika ki tua atu i tētahi paepae, me tino kaha ake ngā kaupapa here—hei tauira, mā te whakaiti i ngā rohenga, mā te kati rānei i ngā rohe hī ika mō te wā poto. He mea noa tēnei momo whakahaere i ngā whenua he nui ngā mahi hī ika kua whanake, ā, kua whakamātauhia hei āwhina i te pupuri i te oranga tonutanga.
Otinga 2: Hangarau tirotiro me te aroturuki pakari
He pepa noa iho ngā ture kāore he tirotiro. I te mea he whānui te rohe moana o Initonīhia, me whakamahi te hangarau i ngā tirotiro. Ka taea e ngā pūnaha aroturuki kaipuke pēnei i te Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) me te AIS (Aunoa Aunoa) te āwhina i te whai i ngā nekehanga o ngā kaipuke hī ika. Mā te whakamahi i ngā whakaahua amiorangi me te tātari raraunga ka taea te kite i ngā mahi whakapae, tae atu ki ngā kaipuke e whakaweto ana i ngā tohu, e tomo ana rānei ki ngā rohe kua rāhuitia.
He mea nui anō hoki, me rite tonu te whakatinanatanga o te ture, me te ārai i ngā mahi hī ika. Me whiua ngā kaihara i te hī ika IUU ki ngā whiu tino kaha, tae atu ki ngā whiu nui, te raupatu i ngā taputapu hī ika, tae atu ki te aukati i ngā mahi. Heoi anō, me taurite hoki te whakatinanatanga me te tiaki i ngā kaihao ika iti kia kore ai rātou e pāngia e ngā kaupapa here e tautoko ana i ngā kaitākaro nunui.
Otinga 3: Whakawhanui me te whakapakari i ngā rohe tiaki moana
He huarahi whai hua ngā rohe tiaki moana (MPA) ki te whakaora i ngā momo ika. I roto i ētahi rohe, ka herea, ka āraia rānei te hī ika, kia taea ai e ngā ika te tipu me te whakaputa uri. I roto i te wā, ka puta he pānga "tapahi" i ēnei rohe, ka horapa ngā ika pakeke ki tua atu i te rohe tiaki, ā, ka piki ake ngā hopunga a ngā kaihao ika tata.
Heoi, ko te angitu o tētahi wāhi tiaki e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki tōna hoahoa me tōna whakahaere. Me tautuhi ngā rohe i runga i ngā wāhi whakaputa uri, ngā wāhi whakatipu, ngā ara hekenga, me ngā āhuatanga o te nohonga. Me kaha hoki te aroturuki kia kore ai ngā wāhi tiaki e waiho hei tapanga noa iho, engari kāore he tiakitanga tūturu.
Otinga 4: Ngā taputapu hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao, ā, he mea whiriwhiri
Mā te whakarerekē, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā taputapu hī ika kia pai ake ai te whiriwhiri ka taea te whakaiti i ngā hopunga ika taitamariki me ngā hopunga taha. Hei tauira, ko te whakamahi i ngā rahi mata e tika ana, te tāuta i ngā āputa mawhiti hei tuku i ngā ika ririki, te whakaiti rānei i te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu hī ika e kino ana ki te papa moana.
Me arotahi ngā kaupapa āwhina, tautoko rānei a te kāwanatanga ki ngā taputapu hī ika e pai ana mō te taiao, kaua ki te whakawhānui i ngā waka hī ika kāore e whakahaeretia. Mā tēnei, ka āwhina te tautoko a te kāwanatanga i ngā kaihao ika ki te hī ika me te whai kawenga, kaua ki te whakateretere i te paunga o ngā rauemi.
Otinga 5: Te whakapakari i te tūranga o ngā kaihao ika me te whakahaere hapori
He maha ngā rohe takutai o Initonīhia he tikanga whakahaere ā-rohe, pērā i te sasi i Maluku, e whakahaere ana i te wā me te wāhi e taea ai te hauhake i ngā rauemi moana. Ka taea e tēnei mātauranga ā-rohe te noho hei otinga whai hua mēnā ka kitea i roto i ngā kaupapa here ōkawa, ā, ka tautokona e te whakatinanatanga.
Mā te whakahaere hapori ka huri ngā kaihao ika hei kaitiaki o te moana, kaua hei kaupapa ture anake. Ina whai wāhi ngā kaihao ika ki ngā mōhiotanga, ki ngā whai wāhitanga mō te whai wāhi, me te māramatanga mō ngā tika whakahaere, ka piki ake te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Ka taea e te kāwanatanga te whakapakari i ngā mahi tahi hī ika, te whakapai ake i ngā ture hokohoko, me te whakarite kia tika ake te tūnga whiriwhiri a ngā kaihao ika iti.
Otinga 6: Te whakapai ake i te mekameka tuku me te whakaiti i te para
Ko te nui o te hiahia o te mākete te take o te nui o te hī ika, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā ika i hopukina ka maumauria nā te koretake o te whakahaere i muri i te kotinga. I ētahi wāhi, nā te iti o te hukapapa, te rokiroki makariri, me ngā ratonga kawe ika ka tere te pirau o ngā ika, ka akiaki i ngā kaihao ika ki te hī ika nui hei utu i ngā mate.
Ko te otinga he hanga mekameka matao, he whakapai ake i ngā tauranga hī ika, me te whakatenatena i te auahatanga ki te tukatuka kaimoana. Mēnā ka taea te penapena i ngā ika i hopukia mō te wā roa, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaiti i te pēhanga ki te hopu i te nui rawa e taea ana.
Otinga 7: Te ako i te kaihoko me te mākete e tika ana
He mahi anō tā ngā kaihoko. Mā ngā kaupapa mō te kai ika tauwhiro ka taea te whakatenatena i ngā mākete ki te whiriwhiri i ngā hua ture, ā, i ahu mai i ngā mahi hī ika e whakahaeretia pai ana. Mā te tiwhikete me te whai i ngā hua ka āwhina kia kore ngā ika i hokona e puta mai i te hī ika IUU. Mena ka akiaki te mākete i ngā mahi tauwhiro, ka akiakihia ngā pakihi ki te urutau.
Mā ngā wharekai, ngā hōtēra, me ngā kaihokohoko nunui ka taea te whakatairanga i ngā panonitanga mā te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa here hoko kai moana pumau. Mā tēnei ka waihangahia he tono hauora ake mō te rauropi.
Whakatau: Te whakataurite i te oranga tonutanga me te oranga
He raruraru nui te hī ika nui rawa i ngā wai o Initonīhia, engari kāore e kore he otinga. Ko te mea nui kei roto i te whakakotahitanga o te whakahaere pūtaiao, te tirotiro kaha, te tiaki i ngā nohoanga, ngā taputapu hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao, te whai wāhi atu ki ngā hapori hī ika, te whakapai ake i ngā mekameka tuku, me te tautoko mākete kawenga. Ehara i te mea me pēhi noa ngā otinga i ngā kaihao ika iti engari me aro atu hoki ki ngā mahi hī ika kāore i te whakahaerehia me ngā mahi ture kore e kino ana ki te whenua.
Mena ka taea e Indonesia te whakatinana tonu i ēnei mahi, ka taea e tātou te pupuri i te hua o ō tātou moana, te whakarite kia ora ake ngā ika, ā, ka taea e ngā whakatupuranga o muri mai te whakawhirinaki tonu ki ngā rauemi moana hauora hei oranga mō rātou. Ehara i te mea he take taiao anake te oranga tonutanga o te moana, engari he haumitanga roa ki te haumarutanga kai, te ōhanga takutai moana, me te heke mai o Indonesia hei whenua moana.
