Huarahi Whānui i roto i te Whakahaere Hī ika
Kāore e taea te titiro noa ki te whakahaere hī ika hei "take noa iho o te maha o ngā ika ka taea te hopu." I waenganui i te huringa āhuarangi, te whakahekenga o ngā nohoanga, ngā pēhanga mākete o te ao, me ngā whanaketanga pāpori i roto i ngā hapori takutai, he maha ngā wā ka arahi ngā huarahi wehewehe ki ngā kaupapa here kore whai hua, kāore rānei e whai hua. Nō reira, kei te piki haere te hiranga o tētahi huarahi whānui ki te whakahaere hī ika: he tirohanga e whakauru ana i ngā āhuatanga taiao, ōhanga, pāpori, whakahaere, me te hangarau kia mau tonu ai te hua me te ōrite o ngā rauemi hī ika mō ngā whakatupuranga o nāianei me ngā whakatupuranga o muri mai.
He aha i hiahiatia ai he huarahi whānui?
He pūnaha pāpori-taiao ngā mahi hī ika. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, kāore ngā momo ika e noho motuhake ana, engari e pāngia ana e ngā āhuatanga o te wai, te hauora o ngā nohoanga (ngā toka korara, ngā mangrove, ngā tarutaru moana), ngā ia me ngā tauira pāmahana o te moana, tae atu ki ngā whanonga pakihi, ngā kaupapa here a te kāwanatanga, me te hiahia o ngā kaihoko. Ina arotahi noa te whakahaere ki ngā whāinga whakaputa, ki te whakawhānui rānei i ngā waka, ko ngā pānga ka puta ko te hekenga o ngā momo ika, ngā pakanga i waenga i ngā kaihao ika, ngā mahi hī ika kino, me te kore taurite o te urunga atu.
Ko te huarahi whānui e whai ana ki te aro atu ki tēnei uauatanga mā te tirotiro i ngā whanaungatanga take-me-pānga i roto i te whānui. Hei tauira, mā te whakatakoto i ngā rohenga hopunga me te kore e whakaaro ki ngā wā whakaputa uri, ngā wāhi whakatipu ika, te kaha rānei o ngā kaihao ika iti ki te whai i ngā ture ka kore e whai hua te kaupapa here. I tetahi atu taha, ina whakatinanahia te tiaki i ngā nohoanga me te ture taputapu, te whakapakari i ngā umanga ā-rohe, me te tautoko i te urunga tika ki te mākete, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te angitu.
Pou Taiao: Te Pupuri i te Hua o te Pūnaha Taiao
Ko te taha taiao te mea nui. Mā te huarahi whānui ka whakatairangahia te pumau o ngā ika me te hauora o te rauropi. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakahaere pūtaiao pēnei i:
1. Aromatawai kararehe hei aroturuki i te koiora, ngā reiti mate hī ika, me ngā au o te taupori.
2. Te Huarahi Pūnaha Rauropi ki te Hī Ika (EAF) e whai whakaaro ana ki te mekameka kai, ngā kaipahua-kai, me te pānga o te hī ika ki ngā momo kāore i te whāngaihia.
3. Te tiaki i ngā kāinga noho matua, tae atu ki ngā wāhi whakaputa uri me te whakatipu, me te whakaora i ngā mangrove me ngā toka korara.
4. Te whakahaere i te wāhi moana, hei tauira, te whakarōpūtanga hei wehewehe i ngā wāhi hī ika, te tiaki taiao, me ētahi atu mahi pēnei i te tūruhi, i ngā tauranga rānei.
I roto i te mahi, ka nui ake te whai hua o ngā kaupapa here pēnei i te katinga o ngā wā, te iti rawa o te rahi o ngā hopunga ika, te aukati rānei i ētahi taputapu hī ika mēnā ka tautokona e ngā raraunga me te aroturukitanga e tika ana.
Ngā Pou Hapori: Te Tika, te Whai Wāhitanga, me te Manawanui Hapori
Kei roto hoki i te whakahaerenga hī ika ngā tāngata: ngā kaihao ika iti, ngā kaimahi poti, ngā wahine tukatuka, ngā kaihokohoko, tae atu ki ngā hapori taketake e whakawhirinaki ana ki te moana. E whakanui ana te huarahi whānui i ēnei:
– Te whai wāhi whai tikanga ki te whakamahere me te whakatau kaupapa, kaua ko te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero noa i muri i te whakatūnga o te kaupapa here.
– Te whakamana i ngā mana me te urunga atu o ngā kaihao ika iti kia kore ai rātou e whakahāweatia e ngā kaihao nui.
– Te whakapakari i te kaha mā te whakangungu haumaru, ngā mahi hī ika e pai ana mō te taiao, te tuhi i ngā hopunga, me te mātauranga pūtea.
– Te whakaiti i ngā pakanga e puta pinepine mai ana i ngā rohe hī ika taupatupatu, i te whakataetae mō ngā rauemi, i ngā rerekētanga rānei o ngā taputapu hī ika.
Mā te huarahi whānui, e titirohia ana te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ehara i te mea he mahi whakatinana ture anake, engari he mahi anō hoki e pā ana ki te tika o ngā ture, te wairua o te tika, me te noho o ngā painga tūturu mō te hapori.
Ngā Pou Ōhanga: Ngā Uara, Ngā Mekameka Tuku, me ngā Whakatenatena Tika
Ko ngā kaupapa here hī ika e aro nui ana ki te whakanui ake i te rahinga hua, engari ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā hokinga mai ohaoha mā te kounga me te uara tāpiri. Mā te huarahi whānui ka akiaki i te panonitanga mai i te "hopu nui ake" ki te "whiwhi moni nui ake me te iti o te pēhanga." Ko ngā tikanga ko:
– Whakapai ake i te whakahaerenga i muri i te kotinga (mekameka matao, akuaku, paerewa kounga) hei whakaiti i te ngaronga o te hua i muri i te kotinga.
– Te kanorau o ngā hua pērā i te ika tapatapahi, te ika auahi, te ika tio rānei hei whakapiki i te uara hoko.
– Ngā kaupapa whakatenatena mō ngā mahi tauwhiro, pērā i te urunga atu ki te pūtea matomato, ngā utu nui, te tiwhikete tapanga taiao pono rānei.
– Te māramatanga o te mekameka tuku ika kia tika ai te takenga mai o ngā ika, kia pumau ai hoki.
Mā ngā akiaki tika, ka nui ake te hihiri o ngā pakihi ki te whakatutuki i ngā ture nā te mea ka noho te oranga tonutanga hei puna moni whiwhi, ehara i te kawenga utu.
Ngā Pou Whakahaere: Ngā Ture Mārama, Te Whakatinanatanga Whai Hua, me te Mahi Ngātahi
Ko te huarahi whānui e hiahiatia ana he whakahaere urutau me te mahi tahi. Ko ētahi o ngā kaupapa matua ko:
1. Te mārama o ngā ture: me ngāwari te mārama, me rite hoki ngā ture e pā ana ki ngā taputapu hī ika, ngā whakaaetanga, ngā rohe, me ngā taunga hī ika.
2. Te Aroturuki, te Whakahaere, me te Tirotiro (MCS): te tirotiro i te moana me ngā tauranga hei aukati i te hī ika turekore, kāore i te pūrongohia, me te kore ture (hī ika IUU).
3. Te mahi tahi a-rāngai: ngā mahi hī ika e pā ana ki te taiao, te kawe waka, te tūruhi, te pūngao, me te whakamahere ā-wāhi.
4. Whakahaere tahi: te whakahaere tahi i waenga i te kāwanatanga me ngā hapori (hei tauira, mā roto i ngā ture tuku iho, i ngā whakaaetanga ā-rohe rānei) e whakapiki ana i te tutuki me te whai huatanga.
E hiahiatia ana hoki te kawenga mō te whakahaere pai: me wātea, me arotake, me aromatawai hoki i ngā raraunga, ngā whakataunga, me ngā hua whakahaere i ia wā.
Ngā Pou Hangarau me ngā Raraunga: Mai i te Tuhituhi ki te Matapae
Kei te piki haere te whakawhirinaki o ngā mahi hī ika o ēnei rā ki ngā raraunga hei whakatau whai whakaaro. E whakaarohia ana te hangarau e te huarahi whānui, ehara i te mea he taputapu anake, engari he taputapu hei whakapai ake i te tika me te whai huatanga. Hei tauira:
– Pūnaha aroturuki waka (VMS/AIS) hei aroturuki i ngā mahi hī ika me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te rohe.
– He pukapuka hiko, he tuhi matihiko rānei mō ngā hua o te hopunga ika hei whakapakari i te pātengi raraunga kararehe.
– Ngā tauira matawai mamao me te ao moana hei aroturuki i te pāmahana o te mata o te moana, te chlorophyll, me ngā wāhi hī ika pea.
– He taupānga mākete e hono ana i ngā kaihao ika me ngā kaihoko mō ngā utu tika ake me ngā mekameka tohatoha poto ake.
Heoi anō, me urutau te hangarau ki te horopaki o te rohe: te utu whaitake, te tohu, te mātauranga matihiko, me te tautoko whakahaere kia kore ai e whānui haere te āputa i waenga i ngā kaihao ika iti me te umanga.
Te Urutau ki te Huringa Āhuarangi: He Wāhanga Kāore e Wehea
Ka pā te huringa āhuarangi ki te hekenga o ngā ika, ngā wā hī ika, te auau o ngā tupuhi, me te pikinga o te taumata moana. Kei roto i te huarahi whānui ngā rautaki urutau, pēnei i:
– te maramataka wā hī ika kua whakahoutia i runga i ngā raraunga hou,
– te whakapakari i te haumaru moana me te urunga atu ki ngā mōhiohio huarere,
– te tiaki i ngā pūnaha ārai mate o te takutai (ngā māngaro) hei whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga āwhati,
– te whakatenatena i ngā momo oranga rerekē, ngā oranga tautoko rānei i te wā o te kore kai.
Nō reira, ka kaha ake te ātete o te whakahaere hī ika ki ngā āhuatanga koretake mō te wā roa.
Te Ine i te Angitu: Ehara i te Whakaputa noa iho
Ehara i te mea ko te nui o te ika e inehia ana mō te angitu i roto i tētahi huarahi whānui anake. Me whakauru atu ki ngā tohu:
– te āhua o te taonga (kei te pumau, kei te ora anō rānei),
– te hauora o te nohonga me te kanorau koiora,
– te whiwhinga moni me te haumarutanga mahi mō ngā kaihao ika,
– te whakaiti i te pakanga me te whakanui ake i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga,
– te whai huatanga o te mekameka tuku me te whakaiti i ngā para,
– te whai wāhitanga o ngā rōpū whakaraerae, tae atu ki ngā wāhine ki te mekameka uara.
Mā te aromatawai ā-wā ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā kaupapa here (whakahaere urutau) ina huri ngā āhuatanga.
Te Katinga
Ko te huarahi whānui ki te whakahaere hī ika he huarahi mahi e mōhio ana ki te uaua o te moana hei wāhi ora, hei wāhi hua hoki. Mā te whakauru i ngā āhuatanga taiao, pāpori, ōhanga, whakahaere, hangarau, me te urutau āhuarangi, ka taea e te whakahaere hī ika te neke ki te oranga tonutanga tūturu: te pupuri i ngā momo ika, te whakaora i ngā pūnaha rauropi, ngā hapori takutai whai rawa, me ngā painga ōhanga mō te wā roa. He nui ngā wero, engari ki te kore he huarahi whānui, ko ngā utu o te kino—ā-taiao me te pāpori—ka nui ake i te haumitanga ki te whakahaere whakaaro nui.
