Te Mārama ki ngā Tikanga Hī Ika e Pai ana ki te Taiao
He puna ora ngā moana, ngā awa, me ngā roto mō ngā miriona tāngata—mai i ngā kaihao ika me ngā kaihokohoko ki ngā kaihoko e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā ika hei oranga mō ā rātou pūmua. Heoi, ahakoa te nui o te pūmanawa hī ika, he wero nui kei mua: me pēhea te hopu ika me te kore e kino ki ngā rauropi e tautoko ana i te oranga tonutanga o ngā momo ika. Ka taea e te hī ika kore whakahaere me te whakamahi i ngā taputapu hī ika whakangaro te whakangaro i ngā nohoanga, te hopu i ngā ika ririki i mua i te wā e whai wāhi ai rātou ki te whakaputa uri, ā, ka heke te taupori ika mō te wā roa. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mārama tātou ki ngā tikanga hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao—ehara i te mea hei pupuri i ngā moana hauora anake, engari hei whakarite hoki i te oranga tonutanga o ngā kaihao ika.
He aha te tikanga o ngā tikanga hī ika e pai ana mō te taiao?
Ko ngā tikanga hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao he tikanga hī ika e whakaiti ana i ngā pānga kino ki ngā pūnaha rauropi wai. Ko ō rātou mātāpono matua ko: te whiriwhiri nui (te aro ki ngā momo me ngā rahi motuhake), te whakaiti i ngā hopunga taha, te karo i ngā kino o te nohonga pērā i ngā toka korara, ngā moenga tarutaru moana rānei, me te whakamahi i ngā tikanga ture pērā i ngā wā hī ika me ngā rohe kore-hopu. Ka whai whakaaro hoki ngā tikanga e pai ana ki te taiao ki te oranga o ngā kaihao ika, te haumarutanga mahi, me te whai huatanga o te wahie hei whakaiti i te pānga o ngā tukunga mai i ngā mahi hī ika.
He aha tātou me huri ai ki ngā tikanga tauwhiro?
Ehara i te mea he ia noa te huri ki ngā tikanga hī ika e pai ake ana ki te taiao, engari he mea nui. He maha ngā rohe moana kei raro i te pēhanga o te hī ika nui rawa. Mēnā ka hopukina tonutia ngā ika me te kore e whakahaeretia, ka heke ngā momo ika, ka akiaki i ngā kaihao ika ki te haere ki tawhiti atu ki te moana me te utu nui ake, engari ka heke ā rātou hopunga ika. Ko te whakangaromanga o ngā nohoanga, pērā i ngā toka korara, ka arahi hoki ki te ngaronga o ngā piringa ika me ngā wāhi whakaputa uri, ka uaua haere te whakaora i ngā kararehe. I te mutunga, ko ngā mate kaiao ka arahi ki ngā mate ōhanga me te pāpori.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Tikanga Hī Ika Ātaahua ki te Taiao
Anei ētahi tikanga e kiia ana he pai ake mō te taiao mēnā ka whakamahia kia rite ki ngā ture, ā, ka tirotirohia hoki:
1. Te Hī Ika ā-ringa
He tikanga māmā te hī ika ā-ringa mā te whakamahi i tētahi, i ētahi rānei matau maunu. Ko tōna painga he tino whiriwhiri: ka taea e ngā kaihao ika te whiriwhiri i ngā ika e whāia ana, ka tukuna ngā mea he iti rawa, kāore rānei i te whāia e rātou. Kāore hoki tēnei tikanga e kino ki te papa moana nā te mea kāore e tōia ngā taputapu hī ika ki raro i te wai. He pai te hī ika ā-ringa mō ngā hī ika iti, pērā i te kūmara, te tāmure, te tuna iti, me ētahi ika toka.
Ngā painga matua: he iti ngā hopunga taha, he iti ngā kino ki te nohanga, he iti ngā utu taputapu.
He kōrero nui: me mātau koe ki te rahi o te hopunga me te whakamahi i ngā matau e tika ana.
2. Pou me te Raina (Huhate)
Ko te tikanga matau me te aho te tikanga e whakamahia ana hei hopu i ngā tuna, inā koa ko te tuna hī ika me te tuna kōwhai. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihao ika ngā tokotoko he matau kore-whakairo, he matau motuhake rānei hei whakangāwari i te tuku i ngā ika kāore i te whainga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei mā te hī ika i runga i te mata me te mōunu ora, mā te tauhiuhi wai rānei hei kohikohi i ngā ika.
Ngā painga matua: he tino whiriwhiri, ā, he iti ake te pānga ki te taiao ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi taputapu hī ika ahumahi.
He kōrero nui: me whakahaere te mōunu ora kia mau tonu ai te oranga.
3. Mahanga
He mahanga ika te mahanga i whakatakotoria ki roto i te wai hei hopu ika, hei hopu rānei i ētahi atu taonga pērā i te pāpaka me te kōura. Mēnā ka tika te hoahoa, ka taea te whiriwhiri i tētahi mahanga ika—hei tauira, mā te whakamahi i tētahi rahi tomokanga motuhake kia taea ai e ngā rahi ūnga anake te tomo. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakarite i tētahi "āputa mawhiti" ki tētahi mahanga ika hei tuku i ngā ika ririki.
Ngā painga matua: kāore e kino te nohonga ina tāutahia, me te kore e kino te toka, ka taea te waiho ka tangohia anō.
He kōrero nui: Ka taea e ngā mahanga ngaro te arahi ki te hī ika wairua. Nō reira, he mea nui kia whakamahia ngā rauemi pirau-koiora, kia tāutahia rānei he papa mawhiti ohorere.
4. Ngā kupenga whiri kua whakaritea pai
Ka taea e ngā kupenga hi ika te noho pai mō te taiao ina whakamahia i roto i ngā herenga pakari: te rahi tika o ngā kupenga, te roa iti o te kupenga, ngā wāhi me ngā wā whakatakoto kua whakaritea, me te tirotiro kia kore ai e hopukina ngā mea ora e tiakina ana. Kāore ngā kupenga hi ika tū tonu e kino ki te papa moana pērā i ngā taputapu e tōia ana.
Ngā painga matua: he whai hua mō ētahi momo, ā, kāore e whakaoho i te nohanga o raro.
He kōrero nui: me whakaiti te mōrearea o ngā hopukanga taha (ngā honu, ngā kararehe moana) mā te whakarerekē, te whakamahi i ngā tohu pēni, me ngā here rohe.
5. He Pūkete Hīkoi Whiriwhiri me te Whakahaeretia
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā hiwi putea hei hopu ika i roto i te moana pērā i te tātini, te makarera, me ētahi tuna. I ētahi wā, he pai ake te taiao o tēnei taputapu i te hī ika nā te mea kāore e hī ika i te papa moana. Heoi, ko tōna āhua taiao e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā mahi whakahaere: te karo i ngā ika ririki, te karo i te whakamahi nui i ngā taputapu kohikohi ika (FAD), me te karo i ngā wāhi tairongo.
Ngā painga matua: kāore e kino te papa moana, he whai hua mō ngā ika kura.
Tuhipoka nui: me whakarite te rahi iti rawa o te ika me te aroturuki i ngā hopunga taha.
Ngā Tikanga hei Ārai Nā te Āhua Whakangaro
Hei mārama ki ngā tikanga e pai ana ki te taiao, me mōhio anō hoki tātou ki ngā mahi whakangaro. Hei tauira, ko te hī ika mā te whakamahi i ngā pahū me ngā paitini (hei tauira, te cyanide). Ka whakangaromia e ngā pahū ngā toka korara, ā, ka patua noatia ngā momo koiora, ā, ka taea e ngā paitini te kino ki ngā korara me ētahi atu rauropi i te rohe e karapoti ana. Haunga te kino o te taiao, ka whakararuhia hoki e ēnei mahi ngā kaihao ika, ā, he ture kore. Ka taea hoki e te hī ika i ngā wāhi tairongo te whakararu i ngā raruraru nui mā te tōia o te raro me te whakangaro i ngā nohoanga.
Ngā Mātāpono Tāpiri mō te Hī Ika e Pai Ana ki te Taiao
He rerekē ngā tikanga taputapu hī ika, engari he rite tonu te hiranga o ngā mahi whakahaere. Anei ētahi mātāpono hei whakapakari i te oranga tonutanga:
1. Te rahinga iti rawa o te hopunga: kia whai wā te ika ki te whakaputa uri i mua i te hopunga.
2. Te wā hī ika: karohia te wā whakaputa uri kia ora ai te taupori.
3. Ngā rohe tiaki taiao me ngā rohe kore-tango: ka whakaratohia he wāhi mō ngā pūnaha rauropi ki te whakaora anō.
4. Te tuhi i ngā ika: ka āwhina i te aroturuki i ngā momo ika me te whakatau i ngā kaupapa here.
5. Te whakaiti i ngā para me ngā kirihou i te moana: me whakahaere ngā taputapu hī ika kua pakaru, ngā taura me ngā kupenga kia kore ai e poke.
6. Te whakangungu i ngā kaihao ika: te whakapai ake i te āheinga ki te whiriwhiri taputapu, te karo i ngā hopukanga taha, me te pupuri i te kounga o ngā ika.
Te Tūranga o ngā Kaihoko ki te Tautoko i ngā Tikanga Hoa Taiao
He mahi nui anō tā ngā kaihoko. Mā te whiriwhiri i ngā hua hī ika mai i ngā puna pono, te tautoko i ngā kaihao ika o te rohe e mahi ana i ngā mahi tauwhiro, me te karo i ngā ika iti te rahi ka taea te tuku tohu pai ki te mākete. Ina teitei ake te tono mō ngā ika hopukina tika, ka akiakihia ngā kaihao ika me ngā pakihi ki te whakapai ake i ngā mahi hī ika. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā kaihoko te āwhina ki te hora i ngā mōhiohio mō te hiranga o ngā rauropi hauora me ngā tūponotanga o ngā taputapu hī ika whakangaro.
Te Katinga
Ko ngā tikanga hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao te mea nui hei pupuri i te taurite i waenga i ngā hiahia o te tangata me te oranga tonutanga o te taiao. Ko ngā taura ringaringa, te pou me te aho, ngā mahanga kua hoahoatia pai, me ngā kupenga kua tino whakahaeretia, he tauira ēnei o ngā huarahi ka taea te whakaiti i ngā pānga kino o te hī ika. I tetahi atu taha, me whakarērea ngā mahi whakangaro pēnei i ngā poma me ngā paitini, nā te mea ka whakangaro i ngā nohoanga, ka whakatuma i te oranga tonutanga o ngā kararehe, ka whakararu hoki i te tangata. Mā te huinga tika o ngā taputapu hī ika, te whakahaere kaha, me te tautoko a te kaihoko, ka taea te hī ika hauora me te oranga tonutanga. Ko te tiaki i ō tātou moana me ngā wai ko te tiaki i te heke mai o te kai, te ōhanga, me tō tātou taonga tuku iho mō ngā whakatipuranga o muri mai.
