Ngā Pānga o te Pūtaiao Hinengaro ki te Ako
Ko te pūtaiao roro te ako i te pūnaha io, tae atu ki te roro, te taurakira, me te whatunga o ngā io puta noa i te tinana. I roto i ngā tekau tau rua kua pahure ake nei, kua kukume te pūtaiao roro i te aro o te tini o ngā kaipūtaiao me ngā kaiwhakaako nā tōna kaha ki te whakarato i tētahi māramatanga hohonu ake mō te mahi a te roro me te pānga o ēnei tukanga ki te ako. I te mea kei te puta tonu mai ngā kitenga hou, he nui te kaha o te pūtaiao roro ki te whakarerekē i te huarahi e whakaako ai tātou me te ako. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā pānga o te pūtaiao roro ki te ako, e kapi ana i ngā ariā pēnei i te neuroplasticity, te mahara, te kare ā-roto, me ngā rautaki ako ka taea te whakamahi i runga i ngā kitenga pūtaiao roro.
1. Te Pūtaiao me te Ako
Ko te neuroplasticity te kaha o te roro ki te huri me te urutau hei whakautu ki ngā wheako me ngā akoranga hou. I mua, i whakapono ngā kaipūtaiao he pumau te roro o te pakeke, ā, he ātete ki te huringa. Heoi, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau neuroscience he pumau tonu te roro, ā, ka taea te hanga hononga hou puta noa i te ao.
He hohonu ngā pānga o te neuroplasticity ki te ako. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, he kaha tō ia tangata, ahakoa te pakeke, ki te ako me te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga hou. I roto i ngā horopaki mātauranga, me whakamahi ngā kaiako i ngā huarahi e whakatairanga ana i tētahi taiao ako hihiri, e akiaki ana hoki i ngā ākonga ki te whakaharatau tonu me te whakahoki kōrero. Nō reira, ehara i te mea ko te ako he huarahi whakauru kōrero hou anake, engari he tukanga hoki mō te hanga me te whakapakari i ngā ara io i roto i te roro.
2. Ngā Tikanga Mahara me te Ako
He wāhanga matua o te ako te mahara, nā te mea kei roto i tō tātou mahara ngā mōhiohio katoa e akohia ana e tātou. Kua whakaratohia e te pūtaiao roro he māramatanga ki te mahi a te mahara me te pēhea e taea ai te pupuri me te uru atu ki ngā mōhiohio.
Ko tētahi o ngā kitenga matua i roto i te rangahau mahara ko te mahi a te tāruarua ki te whakapakari i ngā ara io. Ko te tāruarua ā-wāhi he tikanga e akohia ai ngā mōhiohio me te tāruarua i ngā wā roa. Kua whakaatuhia he whai hua ake tēnei ki te whakapakari i te mahara roa i te tāruarua papatipu, arā, ka tāruaruatia ngā mōhiohio mō ngā wā poto me te kore e mutu.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he mea nui te moe ki te whakapakari i te mahara. I te wā e moe ana, ka tukatukahia, ka whakauruhia hoki e te roro ngā mōhiohio kua akohia puta noa i te rā. Nō reira, mā te whakarite kia nui te moe a ngā ākonga, me te pupuri i ngā tikanga moe pai, ka taea te whakapai ake i tō rātou kaha ki te mimiti me te pupuri i ngā mōhiohio.
3. Ngā Kare ā-roto me te Ako
He pānga nui tō ngā kare ā-roto ki te ako. E whakaatu ana te pūtaiao roro ka taea e ngā kare ā-roto te whakarei ake, te whakararu rānei i ngā tukanga ako me te mahara mā roto i tō rātou awe ki ngā hanganga roro pērā i te amygdala me te hippocampus.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā āhua kare ā-roto pai, pērā i te hiahia nui me te hihiri, te whakapai ake i te aro me te pupuri i te mahara. I tetahi atu taha, ka taea e ngā kare ā-roto kino pērā i te ahotea me te manukanuka te whakararuraru i te ako. Nā te mea ka taea e te ahotea mau tonu te whakararu i te mahi a te hippocampus, he wāhi nui tēnei ki te hanganga o ngā maharatanga hou.
I roto i ngā taiao mātauranga, he mea nui kia waihangahia e ngā kaiako he taiao ako tautoko, kāore hoki e whakararuraru i te ahotea. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi huarahi whakaako aroha, te whakarongo ki ngā hiahia o ngā ākonga, me te waihanga i tētahi āhuarangi pai ka āwhina i ngā ākonga ki te ako pai ake.
4. Te Ako i runga i te Roro
Ko te ako e ahu mai ana i te roro he huarahi e whakamahi ana i ngā mātāpono pūtaiao-roro hei whakarei ake i te tukanga ako. E hangai ana tēnei huarahi ki te māramatanga hohonu ki te āhua o te ako ā-taiao a te roro me ngā huarahi hei whakahaere i taua tukanga.
Anei ētahi rautaki ako e ahu mai ana i te roro ka taea te whakamahi:
– Ngā Pūrongo Maha: Te whakamahi i ngā momo pūrongo maha i roto i te ako, pērā i te tirohanga, te whakarongo me te nekehanga-a-ringa. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakarei ake i te wheako ako me te whakapakari i te mahara.
– Ako Kaha: Te whakauru kaha i ngā ākonga ki te tukanga ako mā roto i ngā kōrerorero, ngā mahi whakaari, me ngā kaupapa mahi tahi. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te roro ki te hanga hononga kaha ake ki ngā rauemi e akohia ana.
– Te Nekehanga me te Whakakorikori Tinana: E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e te whakakorikori tinana te whakapai ake i ngā pūkenga hinengaro me te whakanui ake i te rere o te toto ki te roro. Mā te whakauru i te nekehanga ki roto i te ako ka āwhina i ngā ākonga ki te arotahi pai ake me te maumahara pai ake ki ngā rauemi.
– Ako Horopaki: Mā te hono i ngā rauemi ako ki ngā horopaki o te ao tūroa ka whai tikanga ake ngā mōhiohio, ka māmā ake hoki te maumahara.
5. Hangarau me te Pūtaiao Hinengaro i roto i te Ako
He mea nui te mahi a te hangarau ki te whakamāori i ngā kitenga o te pūtaiao roro ki roto i ngā mahi mātauranga. Kei te whakamahia ngā taputapu pēnei i te urupare-roro me ngā kēmu mātauranga e tautokona ana e te pūtaiao roro hei whakarei ake i te pūmanawa ako.
Hei tauira, ko te Neurofeedback he tikanga e whakangungua ai ngā ākonga ki te whakahaere i te mahi a ō rātou roro hei whakapai ake i tō rātou arotahi me te aro. Ka taea e ngā kēmu mātauranga i hangaia i runga i ngā mātāpono o te neuroscience te whakarato i ngā hihiri whakahihiri me te whakanui ake i te whai wāhi ki te ako.
Heoi, he mea nui kia maumahara ko te hangarau he taputapu noa iho, ehara i te mea hei whakakapi i ngā tikanga whakaako whai hua. Ko te whakaako i ngā kaiako mō ngā kaupapa matua o te pūtaiao roro me te whakamahi i aua mea i roto i te whakaakoranga he taahiraa nui hei whakarite kia whakamahia pai ngā kitenga pūtaiao roro i roto i te mātauranga.
6. Ngā Wero me ngā Tikanga Matatika i roto i te Whakaurunga Pūtaiao Niho
Ahakoa he nui te kaha o te pūtaiao roro ki te whakapai ake i te ako, he wero me ngā whakaaro matatika me aro atu. Ko tētahi ko te mōrearea o te neurohype—te whakanui rawa i te kaha o te pūtaiao roro ki te whakaoti rapanga mātauranga katoa. He mara uaua te mātauranga me ngā taurangi maha, ā, ko te pūtaiao roro tētahi noa iho o ngā huarahi maha ka taea te whakamahi.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, me whai whakangungu me te mōhiotanga tika ngā kaiako ki te whakauru i te pūtaiao roro ki roto i te mātauranga. Ki te kore he māramatanga e tika ana, ka tūpono te whakamahinga hē, te whakamaoritanga hē rānei o ngā raraunga pūtaiao roro, ka pā mai he hua kino.
Whakamutunga
He whānui ngā pānga o te pūtaiao roro ki te ako, ā, he kaha tōna ki te kawe mai i ngā huringa pai ki te huarahi e whakaako ai tātou me te ako. Mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono pēnei i te neuroplasticity, te tāruarua ā-wāhi, te whakahaere kare ā-roto, me te whakamahi i ngā hangarau e ahu mai ana i te pūtaiao roro, ka taea e tātou te waihanga i ngā taiao ako whai hua ake, whakahihiri ake hoki. Me aro tika ki ngā wero me ngā whakaaro matatika kia pai ai te whakaurunga tika me te whai hua o te pūtaiao roro ki te mātauranga. Mā te haere tonu ki te tūhura i te whanaungatanga i waenga i te roro me te ako, ka taea e tātou te whakatakoto i te ara mō tētahi heke mai kanapa ake i roto i te mātauranga, me te tautoko i te pūmanawa katoa o ia tangata.
