Te Mārama ki ngā Kupu o te Ao o te Whakarerekētanga Waka
He "reo" anō tō te ao whakarerekētanga waka. Mō te hunga tīmata, he āhua pōhēhē ngā kupu pēnei i te tūnga, te whakarerekētanga, te camber, te piggyback rānei. Heoi, he mea nui te mārama ki ēnei kupu hei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā toa whakatika, hei whiriwhiri i ngā wāhanga tika, hei karo hoki i ngā hapa utu nui. E whakarāpopoto ana tēnei tuhinga i ngā kupu whakarerekētanga waka rongonui me ngā whakamārama ngāwari ki te mārama.
1) Te rere me te ariā o te whakarerekētanga
OEM / OEM+
Ko te OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) e pā ana ki ngā paerewa wheketere. Ko te OEM+, i tētahi atu ringa, he ariā whakarerekētanga e āhua "taketake" tonu ana engari kei roto ko ngā whakapainga ngawari—pērā i ngā awhi nui ake, ngā potae pai ake, he wae upoko hou ake rānei—me te kore e āhua kaha rawa.
JDM, EDM, USDM
E pā ana tēnei kupu ki tētahi momo āhua, ki tētahi whakatakotoranga rānei o te mākete:
– JDM (Mākete ā-Rohe o Hapanihi): ngā momo kāhua/ngā whakaritenga Hapanihi noa iho, pērā i ētahi tauira awhi, ngā kete tinana motuhake, me ngā taputapu whakapaipai ā-roto kāhua Hapanihi.
– EDM (Mākete o roto o Ūropi): Te pānga o Ūropi, he rite tonu ki te taunga pai, ki ngā awhi tuku iho o Ūropi, ki te kounga whakaoti taipitopito rānei.
– USDM (Mākete ā-Rohe o te Hononga o Amerika): Te momo āhua Amerikana, ka uru atu pea ngā āhua uaua, te tū, ngā whakarerekētanga oro me te miihini e kitea whānuitia ana i reira.
Tutu
E pā ana ki te "tū" o te motuka, ki ngā ōwehenga rānei ina tirohia mai i te taha, i mua rānei: te teitei, te whānui o te wira, te tūnga o te wira, me te taunga o te potae wira ki ngā parepare. He maha ngā wā ka whakanuia te āhua o te waka e ngā tūnga tino kaha, i ētahi wā ka kore e pai te whakamarie.
Moe moe
He motuka e āhua noa ana i waho, engari he tino pai te mahi. Hei tauira, he sedan e whakamahia ana i ia rā, he āhua noa iho, engari kua whakapaitia tōna mīhini ki te turbo, ki ngā injector, me te whakahāngai.
2) Ngā kupu e pā ana ki te raro me te whakaurunga
Taumahinga
Te tutuki i te rahi o te awhi-taia ki tinana wakaAhakoa he pai te urunga, he hohonu rawa (he kōpiko), he tawhiti rawa rānei (kei tua atu i te parepare). Ehara i te mea ko te āhua anake te mea nui mō te urunga pai, engari ko te karo hoki i te waku o te potae me te pupuri i te whakahaere.
Āpitihanga (ET)
Ko te rerekētanga te tawhiti i waenga i te tūranga whakairinga o te wira me te rārangi pokapū o te wira.
– He rerekētanga pai: ka anga whakaroto te awhi.
– Tauwehenga kino: kei waho te awhi (kei raro ki te parepare).
He nui te pānga o te offset ki te āhua o te potae, me te mōrearea hoki o te pā o te potae ki te parirau.
PCD (Diameter Porowhita Pitch)
Tauira pūtu awhi. Hei tauira, ko te 4×100 te tikanga he 4 pūtu me te diameter o te 100 mm. Mā te PCD hē ka kore e taea te tāuta, te whakauru kaha rānei i te awhi, ka mōrearea pea tēnei.
Pokapū pokapū
Te whānui o te kōhao waenga o te awhi. Ki te kore e tika te rahi, kāore pea te awhi e uru tika ki te pū, ā, ka puta he wiri. I ētahi wā ka whakamahia ngā mowhiti pokapū hei whakatika i tēnei.
Whare
Te honga o te wira ina tirohia mai i mua.
– Te kāmepa kino: ka piko te tihi o te wira ki roto.
– Te kāmepa pai: ka piko te tihi o te wira ki waho.
Ngā pānga o te Camber Te mau o te pūmau me te potae. Ko te whakakāha rawa he mea hanga mō ngā momo kāhua, ngā hiahia rānei, engari ka tere ake te mau o te potae mēnā kāore i te tika te whakarite.
Taihoa
Ka anga whakaroto, whakawaho rānei ngā wira ina tirohia mai i runga. Ka pā te koretake o te matimati, ka pakaru wawe hoki te potae mēnā ka hē te nekehanga.
Tuhinga o mua
Te koki o te tuaka urungi. Ka pā te tītaha ki te pumau i te wā e taraiwa ana, me te tūnga-ā-roto o te wira urungi.
Te whakaheke
Te whakaheke i te teitei o te waka. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā puna poto ake, ngā coilover, te whakatārewatanga hau rānei.
Hurihuri
He pai te whakatārewatanga me ngā puna me ngā ru kua whakauruhia, ka taea te whakarite te teitei me te pakari, mō te hunga e rapu ana i te whakahaere tika ake, i te tū tika rānei—mēnā kua tika te whakatakotoranga.
Whakatārewatanga hau (airsus)
Ka whakamahia he pūwero me ngā poihau hau mō te whakatārewatanga hau. Ko te painga, ka taea te whakanui me te whakaheke i te teitei o te waka. He pai mō te whakamahi i ia rā ina tū te waka i raro, engari he haumaru tonu ina taraiwa ana i runga i ngā pūwero tere.
Te pūmau me te ringaringa
Ko ngā pūahi ngā wāhanga rapa/waenga o te whakatārewatanga, ko ngā ringa whakahaere ia ngā ringa whakatārewatanga. Mā te whakapai ake i ngā pūahi (hei tauira, te polyurethane) ka taea te whakapai ake i te urupare, engari i ētahi wā ka nui ake te wiri.
3) Ngā kupu e pā ana ki ngā miihini me te mahi
NA (I mimitia ā-taiao)
He mīhini kāore he turbo, he supercharger rānei. He kaha ake tōna mana, he tere ake te urutau, ā, he iti ake te tiaki e hiahiatia ana.
Pūkaha Whakakaha / Pūkaha Whakakaha
Ka nui ake te hau e uru ana i roto i ngā mea e rua. Ka peia ngā turbo e ngā hau whakaputanga, ko ngā supercharger ia ka peia e te whitiki o te mīhini. He rite tonu tā rāua whāinga matua: te whakanui ake i te mana.
whakanui
Te pēhanga hau mai i te turbo/supercharger. Ka teitei ake te whakanui, ka nui ake te mana pūmanawa—engari me whai whakatikatika me ngā wāhanga tautoko.
Te Kaiawhina
Ka nui ake te mātotoru o te hau whakamatao turbocharger, ā, ka ārai hoki i te wera nui. Ko te hau mātao te tikanga ka pai ake te tahunga.
Pūnaha paipa me te pūnaha whakaputa hau
Ko te paipa iho te paipa i muri i te turbo (mō ngā motuka turbocharged), ā, ko te pūnaha whakaputanga hau kei roto ko te paipa whakaputanga hau, te resonator, me te muffler. He maha ngā wā ka mahia ngā whakapainga whakaputanga hau kia maeneene ake te rere me te rerekētanga o te tangi.
Pane / Tango
Te tīmatanga o te putanga hau i runga i te mīhini NA. Ka pā te hoahoa pane ki te rere o te putanga hau me ngā āhuatanga mana (iti, teitei rānei).
Te Whakahou / Te Whakatūnga o te ECU
Te tukanga mō te whakarerekē i ngā tautuhinga o te mīhini rorohiko: wahie, te mura, te whakanui, me ētahi atu tawhā. Ko te whāinga pea ko te mahi, te whai huatanga, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā whakapainga.
Pokurakau
He kōwae tāpiri e "tautoko" ana i runga i te ECU paerewa hei whakarerekē i ētahi tohu. He māmā ake te tāuta i te nuinga o te wā i te kōwae tūkotahi, engari he rerekē te ngāwari i runga i te hua.
ECU tūkotahi
He ECU whakakapinga ngāwari ake te whakarite. He pai mō ngā kaupapa mahi nui, engari me whai kaiwhakatika mohio.
AFR (Ōwehenga Hau Wahie)
Te ōwehenga hau-ki-wahie. Mēnā he kikokore rawa te AFR, ka wera rawa, ka pakaru; mēnā he nui rawa te AFR, ka moumou moni engari he haumaru ake i raro i ētahi āhuatanga.
Patuki / Pahūtanga
Ka taea e te mura rerekē te kino o te miihini. Te whakatikatika tika, wahie e tika ana, ā, mā te pūnaha whakamatao pai ka ārai i tēnei.
4) Ngā kupu e pā ana ki te aukati me te haumaru
Kete Pēki Nui (BBK)
Whakapai ake i ō pēraki ki ngā caliper me ngā kōpae nui ake. He mea whai hua tēnei mō ngā waka he kaha ake te mana, he taraiwa auau rānei.
Te memeha o te pērai
Ka heke te mahi a te pēki i te wera nui, i te nuinga o te wā i te wā e pēki tonu ana. Ko ngā otinga ko ngā papa mahi, te wai pēki pāmahana teitei, me te whakamatao pai ake.
Pītaha parai
Te tohatoha pēki o mua-muri. Ki te kore e taurite, ka ngāwari te urungi rawa o te motuka, ka kore rānei e pumau ina pēki kaha.
5) Ngā kupu e pā ana ki te āhua o waho me te āhua o roto
Kete Tinana
He kete o ngā parepare, ngā taha taha, ngā whakakākahu, me ētahi atu taputapu tinana. Ko ētahi hei whakapaipai i te āhua, ko ētahi hei whakapai i te rere o te hau.
Tinana whānui
Mā ngā whakarerekētanga whānui o te parirau ka taea te hanga i ngā awhi me ngā potae whānui. Ko te tinana whānui kia ma, me whai ine me te mahi tinana tika.
Ngutu, kaiwhakawhitiwhiti, kaipahua, parirau
– Ngutu: he tāpiri ki te parepare hei hanga i tētahi āhua hākinakina, ā, i ētahi wā ka āwhina i te rere o te hau.
– Kaiwhakarere: te wāhanga o raro o muri e whakahaere ana i te rere o te hau.
– Pānga/Pakau: ka huri i te rere o te hau; he kaha ake te āhua o ngā parirau, ā, ka taea te tuku kaha ki raro mēnā i hangaia tika.
Tākai me te peita anō
He paninga whakapiripiri winira te takai, ko te peita anō ia he paninga peita hou. He māmā ake te tango me te tāpiri anō i ngā takai, ko te peita anō ia he pumau ake, ā, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kounga o te mahi toi.
6) Ngā kupu noa i roto i te hapori whakarerekētanga
Ia rā
Ahakoa kua whakarerekētia, e mau tonu ana te whakamarie me te haumaru o te motuka mō te whakamahi i ia rā.
hanga
Ko ngā kaupapa whakarerekētanga e whakahaerehia ana i ngā wāhanga ka kōrerohia he "hanga o nāianei" he "hanga kaupapa" rānei.
Kati-i runga
Ngā wāhanga ka taea te tāuta me te kore he whakarerekētanga nui (kāore he tapahi, he whakarewa rānei). He haumaru ake mō te hunga tīmata nā te mea he iti noa ngā whakarerekētanga pumau e hiahiatia ana.
ritenga
Ko ngā mahi ritenga ehara i te mono-ā-ringa, tērā pea ko te hanga, te tapahi tinana, ngā tautuhinga ahurei rānei.
Te Katinga
Mā te mārama ki ngā kupu whakarerekētanga waka ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakaaro nui ake—mai i te whiriwhiri i ngā awhi me te PCD tika me te offset, te whakarerekē i te camber-toe hei ārai i te pakaru o ngā potae, ki te whakatau i ngā tikanga whakatikatika miihini haumaru. Ehara i te mea ko te āhua pai anake ngā whakarerekētanga pai; ka taurite hoki i te mahi, te haumaru, me te whakamarie. Mēnā kei te tīmata noa koe, me whakarite i ngā mea matua: he miihini hauora , he pai ngā parai me ngā potae, me te whakatakotoranga tika o raro o te motuka. Kātahi, whakawhanakehia tō momo whakarerekētanga kia rite ki ō hiahia me ō hiahia.
Ki te hiahia koe, tohua mai te momo waka me te kaupapa o te whakarerekētanga (ia rā, tūnga, haereere, mahi rānei), ā, māku koe e āwhina ki te waihanga i tētahi rārangi o ngā kupu tino tika me te raupapa whakarerekētanga e taunakitia ana.
