He aha te VVTi, ā, me pēhea tana mahi?
Ko te Variable Valve Timing with Intelligence (VVTi) he pūnaha hangarau i whakawhanakehia e Toyota hei whakapai ake i te mahi a te miihini me te whai huatanga o te wahie mā te whakarerekē i te wā takirere i te wā o te tukanga tahunga. I whakaurua mai tēnei pūnaha e Toyota i waenganui o te tekau tau atu i 1990, ā, kua whakatinanahia ki roto i ngā tauira waka maha mai i taua wā. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou he aha te VVTi, me pēhea te mahi, me ngā painga e tukuna ana e ia.
He aha te VVTi?
Ko te VVTi te whakarāpopototanga o te Variable Valve Timing with Intelligence. He whanaketanga tēnei pūnaha o te hangarau Variable Valve Timing (VVT), e whai ana ki te arotau i te mahi a te miihini i raro i ngā āhuatanga taraiwa rerekē. Ko te kaupapa matua o tēnei hangarau ko te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā wā whakatuwheratanga me ngā wā kati o ngā takirere whakauru me ngā takirere whakaputa hau. Mā tēnei ka taea e te miihini te mahi pai ake i raro i ngā tere miihini rerekē (RPM) me ngā āhuatanga kawenga.
Ko te tikanga, ko te wā takirere i roto i te miihini mura ā-roto ka whakahaerehia e te camshaft, e hurihuri ana i te tere pumau me te kōtaha cam pumau. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, kāore e taea te whakarite me te arotau i te wā takirere mō ngā āhuatanga taraiwa rerekē. Nō reira, ahakoa ka pai te mahi a te miihini i roto i tētahi awhe RPM, kāore te mahi me te whai huatanga wahie i te tino pai puta noa i te awhe katoa.
Ka taea e te VVTi te wikitoria i tēnei herenga mā te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga e āhei ai te camshaft ki te whakarerekē i te kōtaha o te takirere me te wā. Mā tēnei ka taea e te miihini te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga taraiwa rerekē, ā, ka pai ake te mahi me te penapena wahie.
Me pēhea te mahi a te VVTi?
Hei mārama ki te mahi a te VVTi, me titiro tātou ki te whakahaere o ngā takirere i roto i te miihini mura ā-roto. E whā ngā huringa o te miihini whiu-whā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā waka hou: te whakaurunga (te whakaurunga o te ranunga hau-wahie), te kōpeketanga (te kōpeketanga o te ranunga), te tahu (te tahu i te ranunga), me te putanga (te tango i ngā hau mura e toe ana).
Ko ngā takirere whakauru me ngā takirere whakaputa hau e whakahaerehia ana e te camshaft, he kōtaha cam motuhake tōna hei whakatuwhera me te kati i ngā takirere i ngā wā tika i te huringa miihini. I roto i te pūnaha VVTi, kua rite te camshaft ki tētahi taputapu motuhake e taea ai te whakarerekē aunoa me te haere tonu i te koki camshaft e pā ana ki te crankshaft.
Anei ngā mahi matua mō te mahi a te VVTi:
1. Ngā Pūoko me te ECU (Wāhanga Whakahaere Mīhini):
Ka whiwhi te ECU i ngā tohu mai i ngā pūoko maha i roto i te miihini, tae atu ki te pūoko tūnga camshaft, te pūoko tūnga crankshaft, te pūoko pēhanga hau, te pūoko pāmahana, me ētahi atu. Ka whakamahia ēnei raraunga e te ECU hei whakatau i ngā āhuatanga mahi o te miihini me te hiahia mō ngā whakatikatika wā takirere.
2. Pūwhakaoho:
I runga i ngā raraunga i riro mai i ngā pūoko, ka tukuna ngā tohu e te ECU ki te kaiwhakaoho VVTi. Ko tēnei kaiwhakaoho he taputapu waipēhi e peia ana e te pēhanga hinu miihini.
3. Tautuhinga Koki o te Camshaft:
Ka whakarerekē te actuator i te koki o te camshaft e pā ana ki te crankshaft i runga i ngā tohu mai i te ECU. Ka whakarerekē tēnei i te wā whakatuwhera me te wā kati o te takirere, ka taea ai te whakarite kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga whakahaere o te miihini (hei tauira, te kawenga miihini, te RPM, me ētahi atu).
4. Te Arotautanga:
Mā te whakarerekē i te koki o te camshaft, ka arotauhia te wā takirere kia pai ai te taurite i waenga i te mana me te whai huatanga o te wahie. I ngā tere iti, ka taea te whakarite i te wā takirere kia pai ake ai te taipana. I ngā tere tiketike, ka taea te whakarite i te wā takirere kia nui ake ai te mana.
Ngā painga o te VVTi
He maha ngā painga nui o te hangarau VVTi, e pā ana ki te mahi a te miihini me te penapena wahie. Anei ētahi o ēnei painga:
1. Te Whakapai Ake i te Mahi a te Mīhini:
Mā te whakahaere i te wā takirere, ka taea e te mīhini te whakaputa i te mana nui ake puta noa i te whānuitanga o te hurihanga. Ka hua ake tēnei i te whakaterenga pai ake me te urupare tere ake o te mīhini.
2. Te Whai Hua o te Wahie:
Mā te VVTi ka pai ake te mahi a ngā miihini mā te arotau i te tahunga i ngā āhuatanga taraiwa katoa. Ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga wahie me ngā tukunga hau, ka hua ake he waka e pai ake ana ki te taiao.
3. Te Whakaiti i ngā Tukunga:
He pai ake te tahunga o ngā miihini VVTi, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā tukunga kino pēnei i te CO2 me te NOx. Nā tēnei ka pai ake te tutuki o ngā waka i ngā paerewa tukunga tino pakari.
4. Te Whakamarie o te Taraiwa:
Mā te whakarerekētanga aunoa, maeneene hoki o te wā ka pai ake te wheako taraiwa, me te kore e oho, e ngaro ohorere rānei te mana.
Whakamutunga
He hangarau matatau te VVTi e āwhina ana i ngā miihini mura ā-roto kia tere ake te oma me te kaha ake. Mā te whakarerekētanga hihiri i te wā takirere, ka tukuna e te VVTi he whānuitanga o ngā painga, mai i te whakapai ake i te mahi me te whai huatanga o te wahie ki te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau. Hei auahatanga hou mai i Toyota, kua awe te VVTi i te huarahi e titiro ana tātou me te maioha ki te hangarau miihini hou, ā, he takoha nui tēnei ki te whanaketanga o te umanga motuka o te ao.
I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau, e tūmanakohia ana ka pai ake te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha pēnei i te VVTi, ehara i te mea mā Toyota anake engari mā ētahi atu kaihanga waka anō hoki. Ehara i te mea ko ngā painga o tēnei hangarau anake te whakarato i te mahi me te whai huatanga, engari ka āwhina anō hoki i a tātou ki te pupuri i tētahi taiao ma, matomato hoki.
Ko te mutunga tēnei o tā mātou whakamārama mō te VVTi me tana mahi. Mā te mārama ake ki tēnei hangarau, ka taea e tātou te maioha ki te auahatanga kua kawe i te ao motuka ki tētahi taumata e whai ake nei.
