Te Ine i te Tere o te Hau me te Anemometer
Ko te tere o te hau tētahi o ngā tawhā huarere e tino kitea ana, nā te mea he pānga tika ki ngā mea maha: te haumaru o te rererangi me te kaipuke, te matapae huarere, ngā mahi a ngā tipu hiko hau, te ahuwhenua, tae atu ki ngā mahi māmā pēnei i te whakarite i tētahi hikoi, i tētahi mahi o waho rānei. Hei whakatau i te tere o te hau, me whai taputapu ine tika tātou. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi mai ai te anemometer. Ko te anemometer he taputapu i hangaia hei ine i te tere o te hau, ā, i ētahi momo, ka taea hoki e ia te āwhina ki te whakatau tata i te ahunga me te aueue o te rere o te hau. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mātāpono mahi o ngā anemometer, ōna momo, te tikanga ine tika, me ngā mea hei whakaaro kia tika ai ngā hua.
He aha te anemometer?
Ko te tikanga whānui, he taputapu te anemometer e huri ana i te kaha nekeneke o te hau ki tētahi rahinga ka taea te pānui—ahakoa he hurihanga ā-pūkaha, he huringa pēhanga, he tohu hiko rānei—kātahi ka hurihia hei waeine tere pēnei i te mita ia hekona (m/s), te kiromita ia hāora (km/h), ngā pona rānei (e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te moana me te rererangi; 1 pona = 0,514 m/s).
Ko ngā anemometer hou he pūoko (ā-mīhini, ā-hiko rānei), he ara iahiko tukatuka tohu, me te pūnaha whakaatu, pūnaha takiuru raraunga rānei. I ngā teihana huarere aunoa, ka honoa te anemometer ki tētahi kaituhi raraunga kia taea ai te tango ine tonu me te penapena hei raraunga raupapa wā, pērā i te toharite 10-meneti, te hau nui rawa, me ngā rerekētanga ahunga hau.
He aha te mea nui kia tika te ine i te tere o te hau?
He hihiri te hau, ā, he maha ngā wā ka huri i roto i ngā hēkona. Ka pā kino pea ngā hapa iti i roto i te ine ki ētahi tono. Hei tauira:
– Pūngao hau: He rite tonu te kaha e whakaputaina ana e te tāpine ki te pūtoru o te tere o te hau. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, mā te 10% rerekētanga o te tere ka nui ake te rerekētanga o te kaha.
– Haumaru: He mea nui ngā mōhiohio hau mō ngā kaipuke, te hanga kerēni, te rererangi māmā rānei.
– Te rangi me te āhuarangi: E hiahiatia ana ngā raraunga tere hau ōrite mō te tātari i ngā ia, ngā tauira āhuarangi, me ngā whakatūpato mōrearea.
Nō reira, ehara i te mea ko te taputapu anake te mea nui, engari ko te tikanga tāutanga me te tukanga ine anō hoki.
Ngā momo anemometer me ō rātou mātāpono mahi
1. Ine ine kapu (ine ine kapu)
Koinei te momo tino mōhiotia. E toru, e whā rānei ngā kapu porowhita e mau ana i runga i tētahi ringa, e hurihuri ana i te taha o tētahi pou. Ka panaia e te hau ngā kapu, ka huri te rotor; he rite te tere hurihuri ki te tere o te hau. Ka tatauhia e te pūoko (hei tauira, he pana wiwi, he pana whatu rānei) te maha o ngā hurihanga ia hekona, kātahi ka whakatikatikaina ki te m/s.
Painga: pakari, he pai mō te whakamahi i waho, he mea noa i roto i ngā teihana huarere.
Ngā ngoikoretanga: kāore i te tino aro ki ngā huringa tere, he ngoikore te ā-pūkaha, ka pāngia pea e te hukapapa, e te paru rānei.
2. Ānemomita porotiti (wāhanga/porotiti)
Ka whakamahia he porowhita iti rite ki te pā e anga ana ki te hau, he maha ngā wā ka honoa ki te vane hei pupuri i te taputapu kia anga tonu ki te hau. Ka hurihia tōna hurihanga hei tere o te hau.
Ngā Painga: he pai mō ngā hau iti, ka taea te ine i te ahunga ina honoa ki ngā vane.
Ngā ngoikoretanga: me anga tika ki te hau; ki te kore, ka rerekē pea ngā hua.
3. Inemomita waea wera
Mā te whakamahana i tētahi waea angiangi (he huānga kiriata rānei) e mahi tēnei momo hiko. Ina pā te hau mā roto i te waea, ka haria atu te wera, ka whakaheke i tōna pāmahana. Ka pupuri te pūnaha whakahaere i tētahi pāmahana/au motuhake, ā, ka tatau i te huringa pūngao e hiahiatia ana. Kātahi ka tatau i te tere o te hau.
Ngā Painga: tino tairongo, ka taea te hopu i te aueue tere, he maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taiwhanga me ngā rangahau aerodynamics.
Ngā ngoikoretanga: he pakarukaru ake, he tairongo ki te puehu/wai, me te hiahia kia pai te whakatikatika.
4. Ine ine orooro (ine ine orooro)
Ka ine i te wā haere o ngā ngaru ultrasonic i waenga i ngā takirua whakawhiti e rua, e toru rānei. Ka pāngia te tere o ngā ngaru oro e ngā ia hau e pā ana ki ngā pūoko. Mā te whakatairite i ngā wā haere hoki-hoki, ka tatau te taputapu i ngā wāhanga tere o te hau (ahakoa i te 2D, i te 3D rānei).
Ngā Painga: kāore he wāhanga e neke ana, he tere te urupare, he pai mō te ine i te aueue me te rerenga (hei tauira, te ine i te rerekētanga hurihuri).
Ngā huakore: he nui ake te utu, ka pāngia pea e te ua nui, e te paru rānei e putu ana ki runga i te ine hiko.
5. Ānemomita pēhanga (ngā pitot ngongo)
He mea noa ake i roto i ngā tono motuhake pēnei i ngā kauhanga hau, i te ine rere rānei i roto i ngā awaawa. Ka whakamahia e te mātāpono te rerekētanga i waenga i te pēhanga hihiri me te pēhanga tūmau hei tatau i te tere rere.
Ngā Painga: he kaha mō te rere o te ahunga.
Ngā huakore: kāore i te pai mō ngā hau korekore e rerekē ana te ahunga me te awhiowhio.
Ngā mahi hei ine tika i te tere o te hau
1. Whakatauhia ngā whāinga ine
Me hiahia koe ki:
– uara inamata,
– te toharite mō ia meneti/10 meneti,
– te hau nui rawa,
– te āhua o te hau rānei i tētahi teitei?
Mā te kaupapa e whakatau te momo taputapu, te tauwāhi, me te tikanga o te tuhi raraunga.
2. Kōwhiria he wāhi kāore e nui te pokanoa
Ka ngāwari te whakapōturi o te hau e ngā whare, ngā rākau, ngā pakitara, me ngā āhua o te whenua. Ko te mea pai, me whakanoho he anemometer ki tētahi wāhi tuwhera. He maha ngā wā ka whakanohoia he anemometer e ngā paerewa āhuarangi ki te teitei o te 10 mita i runga ake i te taumata o te whenua kia rite ai ngā inenga hau mata puta noa i ngā wāhi. Ki te kore e taea tēnei, whakamahia he teitei ōrite, ā, tuhia ngā āhuatanga.
3. Kia tupato ki te whakairinga
– Kia tino pakari, kia tū tika hoki te pou, te tūāpapa rānei.
– Mō ngā anemometer vane, kia tika te whakatakotoranga, ā, kia watea te nekeneke o te vane.
– Āta karohia ngā wiri o te pou, nā te mea ka nui ake te haruru ki ngā raraunga.
– Puritia kia matara atu i ngā pūtake wera, i ngā pūhau whakaputa hau rānei (hei tauira, ngā pūhau hauhautanga), inā koa mō ngā pūoko waea wera.
4. Whakatikatikahia, tirohia hoki te taputapu
He pūmau whakatikatika ngā anemometer. Mō ngā taputapu kaihoko, ko te kaihanga te kaiwhakarite i te nuinga o te wā, engari me tirotiro tonu:
– Tirohia mēnā kei te huri pai te hurihanga o te rotor (kāore e tōia).
– Horoia te puehu, ngā pepeke, ngā kiriuhi rānei ka whakanui ake i te waku.
– Kia tino nui te pākahiko, ā, kia pumau te pānui a te mata/pūoko.
I ngā mahi ngaio, ka mahia te whakatikatika i roto i ngā kauhanga hau, mā te whakamahi rānei i ngā paerewa kua whakatūria e ngā whare wānanga ine taumaha.
5. Inehia, tuhia hoki i ngā wā e tika ana
Ka tere te rerekētanga o te tere o te hau. Nō reira, ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e ngā tohunga huarere:
– te toharite mō te "tere o te hau" mō te 10 meneti,
– me te pupuhi hei manawa mōrahi i roto i tētahi wā (hei tauira, 3 hēkona, tētahi atu whakamāramatanga paerewa rānei).
Mō te whakamahinga māmā o te mara, ka taea e koe te tuhi i ngā uara inamata i ia 5–10 hēkona mō ētahi meneti, kātahi ka tatau i te toharite. Ka roa ake te wā tirotiro, ka tino whakaatu i ngā hua.
6. Te tahuritanga me te whakamaoritanga o ngā waeine
Mena ka whakaatuhia te taputapu i roto i te m/s engari me km/h:
– km/h = m/h × 3,6
Mō ngā pona:
– pona = m/s × 1,94384
Whakamāoritia ngā hua i roto i te horopaki: he māmā te ahua o ngā hau o te 2–5 m/s, he kaha rawa te 8–13 m/s, ko te nui ake i te 17 m/s ka mōrearea pea mō ētahi mahi.
Ngā pūtake hapa noa me pēhea te whakaiti i aua hapa
1. Ārai: Ka hangaia e ngā whare me ngā rākau te pōrearea me ngā atarangi o te hau. Otinga: Tāutahia kia teitei ake, kia tawhiti atu rānei i te ārai.
2. Ngā teitei rerekē: Ka rerekē te tere o te hau i runga i te teitei. Otinga: Whakamahia he teitei paerewa, tuhia rānei te teitei i inehia hei whakatairite.
3. Te ātete o te taputapu miihini: Kāore te kapu, te porotiti rānei e aro wawe ki ngā huringa ohorere. Otinga: Whakamahia he pūoko aro ake (ultrasonic) mēnā e tika ana.
4. Pakaru, waku rānei: Ka whakaroa te hurihanga o ngā peera kua pakaru. Otinga: tiaki auau me te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga.
5. Hapa pānui hau: He maha ngā taputapu kaihoko e tuhi ana i ngā tihi poto kāore e tohu ana i te hau paerewa. Otinga: Kia mārama ki te whakamāramatanga o te hau i runga i te taputapu, ā, whakamahia he wā ōrite.
Te Katinga
He māmā noa iho te ine i te tere o te hau me te anemometer—whakanohoia noa te taputapu ka pānuihia ngā tau. Heoi, kia whiwhi ai i ngā raraunga tino whai hua, me mārama tātou ki ngā momo anemometer, ō rātou mātāpono whakahaere, ngā tikanga tāutanga, me ngā tikanga tuhi me te tukatuka raraunga. Ko te whiriwhiri tika i te wāhi, te whakatikatika, me ngā tikanga ōrite te mea nui ki te tika. Mā te ine pai i te hau, ka taea te whakatau tika ake i te mara—mai i te haumaru ki te whakamahere mahi ki te whakahaere pūngao—me te whakahaere raraunga.
