# Te Tukanga Hanga Rino mai i te Kore Rino
Ko te rino tētahi o ngā konganuku tino nui i roto i te ahumahi hou. Nā tōna kaha, tōna ngāwari, me tōna ātete ki te waikura, he mea whiriwhiri matua tēnei mō te whānuitanga o ngā mahi, mai i te hanganga whare ki te hanga waka. Heoi, i mua i te whakamahinga o te rino, me whai i tētahi raupapa o ngā tukanga uaua me te hanganga, mai i te rino. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te tukanga hanga rino mai i te rino, e kapi ana i ngā wāhanga o te keri, te tukatuka, me te hanga rino whakamutunga.
## Te Keritanga o te Kohatu Rino
### Tauwāhi me te Keri
Ka tīmata te keri rino i ngā wāhi maina kei reira te nui o te rino. Ko ngā rauemi rino ka kitea i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te ahua o ngā waikura, ngā whanariki, ngā warowaihā rānei, ko te hematite (Fe₂O₃) me te magnetite (Fe₃O₄) ngā mea e rua e tukatukahia ana hei maitai. Ko te tikanga o te tukanga keri ko te tango i te konganuku mai i ngā maina tuwhera, i ngā maina raro whenua rānei.
1. Keri: Ka tangohia ngā rauemi kei roto te konganuku mai i te papa keri mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu taumaha pēnei i ngā keri, i ngā puruta rānei.
2. Te Kawe: Kātahi ka kawehia te konganuku kua tangohia ki te wheketere tukatuka mā te whakamahi i ngā taraka, i ngā tereina rānei.
## Te Tukatuka i te Kore Rino
### Te Whakangaromanga me te Wehewehenga
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi i muri i te keri ko te kuru i te rino. Ka kuruhia ngā rino nunui kia ririki ake hei whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o te tukanga wehewehe.
1. Te Kuru Tuatahi: Ka kuruhia te konganuku e ngā mīhini kuru nui kia iti ake.
2. Te Kuru Tuarua: Ka kuruhia anō te konganuku kua kuruhia kia eke ki te rahi e hiahiatia ana.
I muri i te kuru, ka wehea te rino mai i ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa mā roto i ngā tukanga pēnei i:
1. Wehenga Aukume: Te whakamahi i tētahi papa aukume hei kukume i ngā matūriki rino mai i tētahi ranunga ehara i te rino.
2. Te Whakarewatanga: Te whakamahinga o ngā matū hei wehe i te rino mai i ētahi atu poke o te kohuke.
### Te Whakamaemaetanga
Ko te whāinga o ngā tukanga whakapai ake ko te tango i ngā poke o te rino. Ko ngā mahi e whai ake nei:
1. Te Tunu: Te tahunga i te konganuku i roto i te hau wera. Ka hurihia e tēnei tukanga ngā whanariki ki ngā waikura, ā, ka tangohia te nuinga o ngā poke i roto i te āhua hau.
2. Whakaiti: Ko te whakaiti i te waikura rino ki te rino mata mā te whakamahi i tētahi matū whakaiti pērā i te hauota waro, te hauwai rānei. Ko te tikanga o tēnei tukanga ka mahia i roto i te oumu pupuhi.
### Ouma Pahū
Ko te oumu pupuhi te ngākau o te tukanga hanga maitai. I roto i te oumu pupuhi, ka whāngaihia te rino, te kōka (waro), me te kōhatu kōhatu (konupūmā kāponāte).
1. Hononga Whāngai: Ka whāngaihia te rino, te kōka, me te kōhatu papaki ki roto i te oumu pupuhi mai i runga.
2. Te Whakakā me te Tauhohenga: Ka pupuhihia te hau wera mai i te raro o te oumu hei whakanui ake i te pāmahana ki te 1500-2000°C. Ka mahi a Coke hei wahie me te kaiwhakaiti e whakaiti ana i te waikura rino kia rewa te rino.
– Tauhohenga whānui: Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂
3. Te Tango Para me te Konganuku Rewa: Ka piki ake te para kei roto ngā poke kore-konganuku ki te mata ka tangohia, ko te rino rewa ka rere ki raro ka kohia.
## Tukanga Hurihanga ki te Rino
Kia oti te hanga i te rino poaka, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te huri hei maitai. Ko tēnei tukanga he tango atu i ngā paru me te whakaranu atu ki ētahi atu huānga hei whakatutuki i ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana.
### Tukanga Whakawhiti Rino
He maha ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana hei huri i te rino hei maitai, pērā i:
1. Te Oumu Hāora Taketake (BOF):
– Ka konatunatua te rino rewa ki te iti o te konganuku para, ka tukuna ki roto i te kaitahuri BOF.
– Ka pupuhihia te hau hāora parakore ki roto i te pūhurihuri, ka taea ai te waikura tere o ngā poke pēnei i te waro, te silicon, te manganese me te phosphorus.
– Mā te tauhohenga werawera e puta ana ka piki ake te pāmahana, ka purea hoki te rino hei maitai wai.
2. Ōumu Āwhata Hiko (EAF):
– E whakamahia ana mō te maitai hangarua. Ka tukuna te konganuku para ki roto i te oumu, ā, ka whakamahanatia mā te whakamahi i ngā irahiko karāpeti mā te pewa hiko.
– Ka rewa te konganuku para i ngā pāmahana tiketike, ā, ka taea te waikura me te tango i ngā poke.
## Te Whakamahinga me te Maka
Kia whiwhihia te maitai wai, ka haere tonu te tukanga whakamahine hei whakarerekē i te hanganga me ngā āhuatanga o te maitai.
1. Te Whakakotahi: Te tāpiri i ngā huānga whakakotahi pērā i te chromium, te nickel, me te molybdenum hei whakapai ake i ētahi āhuatanga o te maitai, pērā i te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha kume rānei.
2. Te tango hau: Ko te tukanga tango i ngā hau rewa mai i te maitai rewa hei ārai i ngā ngoikore hanganga.
3. Te Maka Tonu: Ka ringihia te maitai rewa ki roto i tētahi pokepokea maka tonu, ka whakamatao, ka whakapakeke hei pereti, hei pae roa rānei.
## Te Whakaoti me te Hanga
Me whakaoti tonu ngā hua maitai haurua-oti mai i te whakarewanga tonu hei whakapai ake i te kounga me te āhua whakamutunga. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga:
1. Te Hurihuri Wera: Ka whakamahanatia anō te pereti, te pae rānei, ka tukatukahia mā roto i ngā roera i ngā pāmahana teitei kia puta ai te āhua me te rahi e hiahiatia ana.
2. Te Hurihuri Matao: He tukanga mahi matao hei whakanui i te kaha me te āhua o te mata o te maitai.
3. Te Maimoatanga Wera: Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga e uru ana ki te whakamahana me te whakamatao i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere kia whiwhi ai i ngā āhuatanga ā-ringa e hiahiatia ana, pērā i te pakeketanga, te pakari rānei.
## Whakamutunga
He tukanga roa te hanga maitai mai i te rino, e uru ana ki ngā wāhanga maha, mai i te keri, te tukatuka, te whakamahine, te hurihanga, me te whakaoti. Me whai hangarau me te tohungatanga motuhake ia wāhanga kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa kounga e hiahiatia ana e te hua maitai. Mā tēnei tukanga uaua, hanganga hoki, ka taea te whakaputa pai i te maitai e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā momo ahumahi, ā, ka tutuki hoki ngā hiahia hou e whanake haere ana.
