Te Whakamāramatanga me ngā Momo o te Hangarau Whakarewa
Ko te mahi whakarewa ā-ringa he peka o te pūtaiao me te hangarau e aro ana ki te mārama ki te whanonga ā-ringa me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā konganuku me ō rātou koranu, me pēhea te whakarerekē me te arotau i ēnei āhuatanga kia rite ki ngā hiahia me ngā tono ahumahi. He mara whakawhitiwhiti mātauranga e whakakotahi ana i ngā mātāpono mai i te ahupūngao, te matū, me te hangarau ki te hoahoa, te hanga, me te whakamātautau i ngā rauemi whakarewa mō ngā momo tono. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou te whakamāramatanga me ngā momo momo mahi whakarewa ā-ringa.
Te Mārama ki te Hangarau Whakarewa
Ko te mahi whakarewa miihini te pūtaiao e ako ana i ngā tukanga hanga o ngā konganuku, ngā koranu whakarewa, me ngā hua i hangaia mai i aua konganuku, tae atu ki te whanonga o ēnei konganuku i raro i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana rerekē. Ehara i te mea ko te hanganga moroiti anake o ngā konganuku me ngā koranu kei roto i tēnei pūtaiao, engari ko ngā huringa āhua, te tikanga pakaru, te kaha, te ngāwari, me te ātete ki ngā momo rahunga pērā i te waikura me te ngenge.
Ko tētahi o ngā whāinga matua o te mahi whakarewa miihini ko te whakarerekē i te hanganga moroiti o ngā konganuku kia tutuki ai ngā āhuatanga miihini e hiahiatia ana. Ka uru pea tēnei ki ngā tukanga maha pēnei i te whakamahana, te tinei, te whakamahana, te mahi matao rānei. He pānga motuhake tō ia tukanga ki te hanganga moroiti, nō reira, ki ngā āhuatanga miihini o te konganuku.
Ngā Momo Hangarau Whakarewa
Ka taea te whakarōpū i te mahi whakarewa ā-mīhini ki ētahi momo, ki ētahi mara iti rānei, i runga i ngā tukanga me ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana. Ko ētahi o ngā mara iti matua ko:
1. Te Whakarewatanga ā-tinana
2. Tukanga Whakarewa
3. Te Whakarewa Tango
4. Te Whakarewa Paura
5. Te Whakarewatanga o te Whakarewatanga
Kia matapakihia ia mara iti me ngā taipitopito atu.
1. Te Whakarewatanga ā-tinana
Ko te mahi whakarewa ā-tinana te peka o te hangarau e ako ana i te hanganga me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā konganuku me ō rātou koranu. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tātari hanganga moroiti, te tohatoha āhuahanga, ngā panoni āhuahanga, me te taunekeneke i waenga i te hanganga moroiti me ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha pēnei i te kaha, te ngāwari, me te pakeke.
Te Hurihanga Āhua: Te ako i te āhua o te panoni o te hanganga moroiti o ngā konganuku i raro i ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te pāmahana me te pēhanga.
Ngā Tikanga Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro (NDT): Ngā tikanga hei aromatawai i ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha me ā-tinana o ngā konganuku me te kore e whakangaro.
Ngā Tikanga Pakaru: Te tātari i te whanaketanga o ngā pakaru i roto i ngā rauemi whakarewa me pēhea te ārai i aua pakaru.
2. Tukanga Whakarewa
Ko te mahi whakarewa tukatuka e arotahi ana ki ngā tikanga hanga me te whakahāngai i ngā konganuku me ngā koranu. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā tikanga whakarewa, hanga, hurihuri, whakaputa, me te tuhi.
Te Maka: Ko te tukanga o te rewa i te konganuku me te riringi ki roto i te pokepoke hei hanga i te hua e hiahiatia ana.
Te Hanga: Ko te tukanga hanga whakarewa mā te pēhanga teitei. He mea whakamahi noa hei hanga i ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana ki te kaha me te ngāwari.
Te Hurihuri me te Whakaputa: Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga hei hanga i ngā rau me ngā kōtaha whakarewa mā te rere o te whakarewa i roto i ngā roera, i ngā mate rānei.
3. Te Whakarewa Tango
Ko te mahi whakarewa tango he peka o te mahi whakarewa e arotahi ana ki te tukanga tango konganuku mai i ō rātou konganuku. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga ngā tikanga matū me ngā tikanga ā-tinana hei wehe me te pure i ngā konganuku mai i ngā kohuke mata.
Tukanga Pyrometallurgical: Te whakamahana i te konganuku i ngā pāmahana teitei hei huri hei konganuku parakore.
Tukanga Waiwhakarewa: Te whakamahinga o ngā otinga wai hei tango i ngā konganuku mai i ngā konganuku mā te tango me te whakarewa.
Tukanga Hiko-whakarewa: Te whakamahinga o te hiko hei pure i ngā konganuku mā te tukanga hiko-whakarewa.
4. Te Whakarewa Paura
Ko te mahi whakarewa paura he peka e uru ana ki te whakamahinga o ngā paura whakarewa hei hanga hua whakarewa mā te tukanga whakawera. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakaranu i ngā paura whakarewa, te whakakīkī i ngā paura ki roto i te pokepokea ai, me te whakamahana ki te pāmahana teitei kia hanumi ai ngā matūriki paura.
Sintering: Ko te tukanga whakamahana i te paura whakarewa i raro i tōna ira rewa kia hanumi ai ngā matūriki, engari kia kore ai e rewa katoa.
Te Pēhi Matao Ā-pūmau (CIP): He tikanga whakakīkī i te paura whakarewa i raro i te pēhanga ā-pūmau i te pāmahana rūma.
Te Pēhi Wera Isostatic (HIP): He tikanga whakakīkī i ngā paura whakarewa i raro i te pēhanga isostatic i ngā pāmahana teitei, e whakamahia ana hei whakakore i te porosity me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga hangarau.
5. Te Whakarewatanga o te Whakarewatanga
Ko te whakarewa he tikanga mō te hono i ngā wahi whakarewa e rua, neke atu rānei, mā te whakarewa i te rauemi turanga me te tāpiri i te rauemi whakakī. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te wera, te pēhanga, te whakakotahitanga rānei o ngā mea e rua i tēnei tukanga.
Te Whakarewa Āwhata: He tukanga whakarewa e whakamahi ana i te hiko hei hanga āwhata hiko i waenganui i te irahiko me te rauemi turanga, kātahi ka rewa te konganuku ka hanga he hononga.
Te Whakarewa Ātete: He tikanga whakarewa e whakamahi ana i te ātete hiko hei whakaputa wera i te wāhi e honoa ana.
Whakarewa Waku: He tikanga whakarewa e uru ana te waku i waenga i ngā mata whakarewa e rua e pēhia ana kia puta rā anō te whakarewa.
Te Whakamahinga i roto i te Ahumahi
He whānui ngā whakamahinga o te mahi whakarewa ā-ringa i roto i ngā momo ahumahi, tae atu ki te motuka, te rererangi, te hikohiko, te hanga, me te pūngao. Mā te mārama me te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono o te mahi whakarewa ā-ringa, ka taea e ngā kaihangarau te hoahoa i ngā rauemi whakarewa kaha ake, māmā ake, me te pakari ake.
Ahumahi Waka: Te whakamahi i ngā rauemi maitai kaha-teitei, iti-koranu (HSLA) mō ngā wāhanga waka kaha ake, māmā ake hoki.
Ahumahi Rererangi: Te whanaketanga o ngā koranu titanium me te konumohe me ngā anga mama engari kaha mō ngā waka rererangi.
Ahumahi Hikohiko: Te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi whakarewa he nui te kawe wera me te kawe hiko i roto i ngā wāhanga hiko.
Whakamutunga
He mara o te uaua me te ataahua te mahi whakarewa ā-ringa, e whakakotahi ana i ngā mātāpono mai i ngā momo pūtaiao taketake hei whakaoti rapanga mahi o ia rā. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo me ngā tikanga rerekē o te mahi whakarewa ā-ringa, ka taea e ngā miihini me ngā kaipūtaiao te hoahoa, te hanga, me te arotau i ngā konganuku me ngā koranu mō ngā tono maha, mai i ngā taputapu taumaha ki ngā taputapu hiko angiangi. Nō reira, ko ngā whanaketanga me ngā kitenga i roto i tēnei mara ehara i te mea ka pā ki te ahumahi anake engari ka whai wāhi nui hoki ki te ahunga whakamua hangarau me te kounga o te oranga tangata.
