Te Hanganga o ngā Konganuku Kore-whakarewa
Ko ngā konganuku kore-ferrous, arā, ngā konganuku kore-ferrous, he konganuku kāore he rino, kāore hoki he aukume. Ko ngā tauira noa o ngā konganuku kore-ferrous ko te konumohe, te parahi, te tine, te nickel, te titanium, me ētahi koranu pērā i te parahi me te parahi. He āhuatanga pai ake ngā konganuku kore-ferrous e mea nui ai rātou i roto i ngā momo tono hangarau me ngā tono ahumahi, tae atu ki te ātete ki te waikura, te kawe hiko, me te kaha me te mama hoki. Ka arotakehia e tēnei tuhinga te tukanga hanga mō ngā konganuku kore-ferrous, mai i te tango mai i te konganuku ki te tukatuka whakamutunga e hanga ana i te hua kua oti.
Te Tango me te Whakamahinga Ore
Ka tīmata te tukanga whakaputa konganuku kore-ferrous mā te tango i te konganuku mai i te taiao. Ko ngā konganuku he kohuke kei roto ngā konganuku i te āhua o ngā matū matū, i ngā ranunga rānei ki ētahi atu rauemi. Ko te momo konganuku e whakamahia ana, kei runga i te konganuku e tangohia ana. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia te bauxite hei whakaputa konumohe, ko te bornite me te chalcopyrite ia hei whakaputa parahi.
Ko te tukanga tango he maha ngā wāhanga: te keri, te kawe, me te tukatuka i te konganuku.
1. Te Keri: Ka keria te konganuku mai i te mata, mai i raro rānei i te mata mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga keri tuwhera, keri whenua rānei. Ka whiriwhiria te tikanga keri i runga i te wāhi me te kounga o te konganuku.
2. Te Kawe: Whai muri i te keri, ka haria te konganuku ki te wheketere tukatuka mā te whakamahi i ngā taraka, ngā tereina, ētahi atu pūnaha kawe rānei. I tēnei wā, ko te tikanga kei roto i te konganuku he ranunga o ētahi atu toka me wehe.
3. Te Tukatuka Kohatu: Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o te tukatuka ko te kuru, te wāhi e pakaruhia ai te kohatu nui kia iti ake. I muri i te kuru, ka whakahaerehia he tukanga kukū hei wehe i te konganuku mai i te toenga o te toka. Ko ngā tikanga noa ko te pupuhi pahuka, te kaha ā-papa, te aukume, me te kukū hiko-pūmau.
Te Whakaiti me te Rewa
Kia whakapūmautia te konganuku, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te huri i ngā kohuke kei roto he konganuku hei konganuku parakore mā te whakaiti me te whakarewa. He rerekē tēnei tukanga mō ia konganuku, engari he rite tonu ngā mātāpono taketake.
1. Whakaiti: Ka tangohia e te tukanga whakaiti te hāora mai i ngā matū matū o ngā waikura whakarewa, ka puta ko te konganuku parakore. Hei tauira, ka whakaitihia te waikura bauxite ki te konumohe mā te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga ahumahi e mōhiotia ana ko te tukanga Hall-Héroult, e whakamahia ai he iahiko hei wehe i te konumohe mai i te waikura konumohe rewa.
2. Te Whakarewa: Ko te whakarewa he whakamahana i te konganuku, i te konganuku whakarewa rānei ki tōna taumata rewa hei wehe i te konganuku mai i ngā paru e toe ana, i te "para" rānei. Mō te parahi, he maha ngā wāhanga o te tukanga whakarewa, tae atu ki te whakarewa, te whakamahine, me te whakarewa hei whakaputa parahi parakore.
Te Whakamahi Anō
I muri i te whakaiti me te rewa, tera pea he iti noa ngā poke kei roto i te konganuku e puta mai ana. Nō reira, me whai atu ngā tukanga whakamahine kia tutuki ai te parakore e hiahiatia ana.
1. Te Whakamahinga Hikohiko: Ko tētahi tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te whakamahine hikohiko, arā, ka whakanohoia te konganuku rewa ki roto i tētahi otinga hikohiko, ā, ka whakamahia he iahiko hei neke i ngā katote konganuku mai i te anode (konganuku poke) ki te cathode (konganuku parakore). He tino whai hua tēnei tikanga mō te whakamahine i ngā konganuku pēnei i te parahi me te konumohe.
2. Te Whakatōtō me te Whakawairangi: Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga mō ngā konganuku he rerekē te pāmahana kohua i ō rātou poke. Ko ētahi tauira o ngā konganuku i tukatukahia pēnei ko te konutea me te mata.
Te Maka me te Hanga
Kia eke te konganuku ki te parakore e hiahiatia ana, ka taea te hanga kia rite ki ngā āhua me ngā rahi e hiahiatia ana. Ka kiia tēnei tukanga he whakarewa.
1. Te Maka: Ka ringihia te konganuku rewa ki roto i te pokepoke hei hanga i te hua whakamutunga. He maha ngā tikanga maka, tae atu ki te maka onepu, te maka mate, me te maka haumi. He painga me ngā whakamahinga motuhake o ia tikanga.
2. Te Hanga, te Hurihuri rānei: Whai muri i te whakarewatanga, ka tukatukahia te konganuku i ētahi atu tukanga pēnei i te hurihuri, ka whakamahanahia te konganuku ka hurihia hei rau, hei tokotoko, hei āhua rānei. Ko ētahi atu tikanga ko te whakaputa i te konganuku mā roto i ngā mate hei hanga i te āhua e hiahiatia ana, me te hanga, arā, te hanga i te konganuku mā te pēhi i raro i te wera nui me te pēhanga.
Te Tukatuka Whakamutunga me te Tono
Ko te taahiraa whakamutunga i roto i te hanga konganuku kore-ferrous ko te tukatuka whakamutunga, e uru ana ki ngā momo tikanga miihini, whakarewa, me te whakaoti mata hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te hua whakamutunga.
1. Te Whakarewa me te Hononga: Ka taea te hono i ngā konganuku kore-ferrous mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakarewa motuhake, pērā i te whakarewa MIG (Metal Inert Gas) me te whakarewa TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) rānei, e hangaia ana mō ngā konganuku kore-ferrous.
2. Te Whakaotinga o te Mata: Ka taea te hoatu he maimoatanga motuhake ki ngā mata whakarewa hei whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te ātete ki te waikura, te āhua, me te roa. Ko ngā tikanga whakaotinga o te mata ko te whakakoi (mō te konumohe), te whakakikorua hiko, me te whakakanapa.
Whakamutunga
He tukanga uaua te hanga konganuku kore-whakarewa, he maha ngā wāhanga, mai i te tango i te konganuku ki te tukatuka whakamutunga. Ko ia taahiraa o tēnei tukanga, mai i te keri ki te whakaotinga, kua hangaia kia tutuki ai ngā konganuku i te parakore me ngā whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana mō ā rātou tono. Kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te hiranga o ngā konganuku kore-whakarewa i roto i te ahumahi hou, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakawhanake i ngā hangarau i roto i ngā mara pēnei i te hikohiko, te hanga, te motuka, me te rererangi. Mā te mārama ki ēnei tukanga hanga ka nui ake tō tātou maioha ki te tūranga nui o ngā konganuku kore-whakarewa i roto i te oranga o ia rā.
