Me pēhea te tiaki i ngā mea ora o te moana
Neke atu i te 70% o te mata o te Ao e kapi ana i te moana, ā, he nui ngā momo ora e ora ana i roto, mai i ngā plankton moroiti ki ngā kararehe nui rawa atu o te ao, arā, ngā tohorā. He mea nui te mahi a ngā koiora moana, arā, te kohinga o ngā mea ora i roto i ngā moana, ki te pupuri i te hauora me te pumau o ngā pūnaha rauropi o te Ao. I te mea he mea nui, he mea nui te tiaki i ngā koiora moana. Heoi anō, he maha ngā tūmomo mōrearea e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha rauropi moana, tae atu ki te hī ika nui rawa, te whakangaromanga o ngā nohoanga, te parahanga, me te huringa āhuarangi. Me whai mahi tahi ngā mahi tiaki whai hua i ngā taumata ā-rohe, ā-motu, me te ao whānui. Anei ngā rautaki whānui hei tiaki i ngā koiora moana.
1. Whakatūria ngā Wāhi Tiaki Moana (MPA)
Ko ngā Wāhi Tiaki Moana (MPA) he rohe kua tohua i roto i te moana e whakahaeretia ana ngā mahi a te tangata hei tiaki i ngā rauropi moana me te kanorau koiora. Ka taea e ngā MPA te ahu mai i ngā rohe kore-tango, e rāhuitia ana ngā momo tango ika katoa, ki ngā wāhi e whakaae ana ki te hī ika tauwhiro. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei wāhi he piringa haumaru mō ngā momo moana ki te whakaputa uri, ki te whāngai, me te tipu me te kore e pāngia e te pokanoa a te tangata. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā MPA e whakahaeretia pai ana te arahi ki te pikinga o te koiora, te nui ake o te kanorau koiora, me te whakapakari ake i te manawanui o ngā rauropi moana. Me whakatairanga e ngā kāwanatanga me ngā whakahaere tiaki taiao te whakawhānui me te whakahaere whai hua o ngā MPA.
2. Whakahaere me te Whakaū i ngā Tikanga Hī Ika Tauwhiro
Nā te nui rawa o te hī ika kua heke te maha o ngā taupori ika, ā, kua whakararuraru i ngā whatunga kai me ngā rauropi moana. Me whakatinana, me te tino whakatinana hoki i ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro kia mau tonu ai te oranga mō te wā roa o ngā momo ika. He mea nui ngā tikanga pēnei i te whakatakoto i ngā rohe hopu i runga i ngā aromatawai pūtaiao, te whakamahi i ngā taputapu hī ika whiriwhiri hei whakaiti i ngā hopunga taha, me te whakatū i ngā kati ā-wā kia taea ai e ngā taupori ika te ora ake. Hei tāpiri, mā te tautoko i ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) ka āwhina i ngā kaihoko ki te whiriwhiri i ngā kaimoana tauwhiro.
3. Whakaitihia te Parahanga me te Para Kirihou
He tino mōrearea te parahanga moana, inā koa ngā para kirihou, ki ngā mea ora o te moana. Ka taea e ngā kararehe te horomi, te mau rānei i roto i ngā para kirihou, ka whara, ka mate rānei. Hei whawhai ki te parahanga, he mea nui kia whakaitihia te hanga me te kai kirihou, kia pai ake ngā pūnaha whakahaere para, me te whakatairanga i te hangarua. Ko ngā kaupapa pēnei i te horoi i te takutai moana, te aukati i ngā kirihou kotahi te whakamahinga, me te whakatenatena i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi rerekē ka taea te whakaiti i te nui o te kirihou e uru ana ki ngā moana. Hei tāpiri, he mea nui te aro atu ki ētahi atu momo parahanga, pēnei i ngā poke matū me te rerenga ahuwhenua, hei pupuri i ngā taiao moana hauora.
4. Whakaitihia te Huringa Āhuarangi
Ko te huringa āhuarangi tētahi o ngā tūmomo riri nui ki ngā koiora moana, ka puta te waikawa o te moana, te pikinga o te pāmahana o te moana, me te pikinga o te taumata o te moana. Ka pā kino pea ēnei huringa ki ngā pūnaha rauropi moana, tae atu ki te mā o te korara, te rerekētanga o te tohatoha o ngā momo, me te whakararuraru i ngā whatunga kai. He mea nui te whakaiti i te huringa āhuarangi mā te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi mō te hauora roa o ngā koiora moana. Ka taea tēnei mā te whakawhiti ki ngā pūtake pūngao whakahou, ngā mahi whai hua o te pūngao, te whakatipu ngahere, me te whakatairanga i te ahuwhenua tauwhiro. He mea nui ngā whakaaetanga o te ao, pērā i te Whakaaetanga o Parī, ki te whakaoho i ngā mahi o te ao hei aro atu ki te huringa āhuarangi.
5. Whakaora i ngā Nohoanga Kua Whakapōturitia
Kua tino pāngia ngā momo koiora moana e te whakangaromanga o ngā nohoanga, pērā i te whakahekenga o te toka korara, te whakangaromanga o ngā mangrove, me te ngaronga o te moenga tarutaru moana. Ko te whāinga o ngā kaupapa whakaora ko te whakakore i tēnei kino me te waihanga i ngā āhuatanga mō ngā pūnaha rauropi kia ora ai. Ko ngā tikanga pērā i te whakatō korara, te whakatipu mangrove, me te whakatūnga o ngā toka horihori ka āwhina i te hanga anō i ēnei nohoanga nui. Ko ngā kaupapa whakaora angitu he maha ngā wā ka uru ngā hapori o te rohe, ngā kaipūtaiao, me ngā kaihanga kaupapa here ki te mahi tahi kia whai hua ai te taiao me te pāpori-ōhanga.
6. Whakapakari i te Mahi Ngātahi me te Whakahaere ā-Ao
Me mahi tahi te ao ki te tiaki i ngā koiora moana nā te mea he hononga kei waenganui i ngā moana o te ao. Ko ngā tiriti me ngā whakaaetanga o te ao, pērā i te United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) me te Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), e whakarato ana i ngā anga mō ngā whenua ki te mahi tahi i ngā mahi tiaki moana. He mea nui te whakapakari i ēnei whakaaetanga me te whakarite kia whai hua te whakatinanatanga mō te tiaki i te koiora moana o te ao. Ka taea e te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā kāwanatanga, ngā whakahaere kāwanatanga kore, me te rāngai tūmataiti te whakarei ake i ngā mahi tiaki me te whakapuaki i ngā mahi pai puta noa i ngā rohe.
7. Tautoko i te Rangahau me te Aroturuki
He mea nui te mārama ki ngā uauatanga o ngā pūnaha rauropi moana me ngā pānga o ngā mahi a te tangata mō te tiaki taiao whai hua. He mea nui te tautoko i ngā kaupapa rangahau me te aroturuki pūtaiao hei kohikohi raraunga mō ngā momo moana, ngā nohoanga, me ngā huringa taiao. Ka taea e ēnei mōhiohio te whakamōhio i ngā whakataunga whakahaere, te aroturuki i te whai huatanga o ngā mahi tiaki taiao, me te tautuhi i ngā tūmomo riri e puta ake ana. Ka taea hoki e ngā kaupapa pūtaiao ā-iwi, arā, ko ngā mahi a ngā tūao ki te kohikohi raraunga me te whai wāhi ki te rangahau, te whai wāhi nui ki te whakawhānui ake i te mātauranga me te whakapiki ake i te mōhiotanga mō te tiaki taiao.
8. Whakatairanga i te Mātauranga me te Mōhiotanga
He mea nui te whakapiki i te mōhiotanga mō te hiranga o ngā mea ora o te moana me ngā tūmomo mōrearea e pā ana ki a rātou hei kohi tautoko a te marea me te akiaki i te huringa whanonga. Ka taea e ngā kaupapa mātauranga te arotahi ki ngā kura, ki ngā hapori, me ngā pakihi hei whakatairanga i te ahurea tiaki taiao. Ka taea e ngā mahi toro atu, pērā i ngā pokapū mātauranga moana, ngā kōrero a te marea, me ngā kaupapa pāpāho pāpori, te whakaatu i te uara o ngā pūnaha rauropi moana me ngā mahi ka taea e te tangata takitahi te mahi hei tiaki i a rātou. Mā te whakamana i ngā hapori o te rohe me ngā mātauranga me ngā taputapu mō ngā mahi tauwhiro ka taea te hanga kaitiaki mō te tiaki taiao moana.
9. Whakatairanga i te Tūruhi Tauwhiro
Ki te kore e whakahaerea te tūruhi moana i runga i te āhua tauwhiro, ka arahi pea ki te whakahekenga o te nohoanga, te parahanga, me te whakararuraru i ngā mea ora o te moana. Mā te whakatinana i ngā tikanga tūruhi tauwhiro ka taea te whakaiti i ēnei pānga, me te whakarato hoki i ngā painga ōhanga ki ngā hapori o te rohe. Mā ngā mahi pēnei i te whakahaere i te maha o ngā tūruhi, te whakatairanga i ngā mahi e pai ana ki te taiao, me te whakarato mātauranga mō ngā whanonga haepapa ka taea te whakarite kia tautokohia e te tūruhi ngā mahi tiaki moana, kaua e kino. Ka taea hoki e te tūruhi tauwhiro te whakaputa moni mō ngā kaupapa tiaki me te whakaara ake i te mōhiotanga o ngā manuhiri mō te hiranga o te tiaki i ngā rauropi moana.
10. Whakauru atu ki te Tiakitanga ā-Hapori
He mea nui te whakauru i ngā hapori o te rohe ki ngā mahi tiaki taiao kia tutuki ai ngā hua roa. Mā te tiaki taiao ā-hapori ka whakamanahia ngā tāngata o te rohe ki te whakahaere me te tiaki i ā rātou rauemi moana. Mā tēnei huarahi e whakamanahia ai ngā mōhiotanga me ngā mahi tuku iho a ngā hapori takutai moana, ka whakauruhia ai ki roto i ngā rautaki tiaki taiao hou. Mā ngā kaupapa pēnei i ngā rohe moana e whakahaerehia ana e te hapori, ngā mahi tahi hī ika tauwhiro, me ngā kaupapa oranga rerekē ka taea te whakarei ake i te tiaki koiora me te oranga o te hapori. Ko te hanga whanaungatanga kaha me te whakawhirinaki i waenga i ngā whakahaere tiaki taiao me ngā hapori o te rohe te mea nui ki te angitu o te tiaki taiao ā-hapori.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te tiaki i ngā mea ora o te moana me whai huarahi maha-āhuatanga e uru ana ki te whakatūnga o ngā wāhi tiaki, ngā mahi hī ika tauwhiro, te whakaiti i te parahanga, te mahi āhuarangi, te whakaora i ngā nohoanga, te mahi tahi o te ao, te tautoko rangahau, te mātauranga, te tūruhi tauwhiro, me te whai wāhi a te hapori. Mā te whakatinana i ēnei rautaki, ka taea e tātou te tiaki i ngā pūnaha rauropi moana nui e tautoko ana i te ora i runga i te Ao, me te whakarite i tētahi heke mai hauora me te tauwhiro mō ngā whakatipuranga e haere ake nei. He rauemi ngātahi ngā moana, ā, he kawenga ngātahi tō rātou tiaki. Kia whai wāhi tātou katoa ki te tiaki i te kanorau o ngā mea ora o te moana me ngā painga maha e homai ana e ia ki te tangata me te ao tūroa.
