Te Whānuitanga o te Whakahaere Hokohoko
He toi, he pūtaiao hoki te whakahaere hokohoko e uru ana ki ngā tukanga me ngā mahi maha hei waihanga, hei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, hei tuku, hei whakawhiti uara hoki mā ngā kiritaki, mā ngā hoa mahi, mā te hapori whānui. I tēnei ao pakihi e piki haere ana te whakataetae, he mea nui te tūranga o te whakahaere hokohoko hei whakarite i te oranga me te angitu o tētahi kamupene. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou te whānuitanga o te whakahaere hokohoko, tae atu ki ōna wāhanga, ngā wāhanga tukanga, me ngā wero.
Ngā Wāhanga Whakahaere Hokohoko
1. Tātaritanga Mākete
Ko te tātari mākete te tūāpapa o ngā rautaki hokohoko katoa. Ki te kore he māramatanga hōhonu ki te mākete, ka kore he hua o tētahi mahere hokohoko. Kei roto i tēnei tātari:
– Te Tāutu i ngā Wāhanga Mākete: Mā te tāutu i ngā wāhanga mākete ka taea e ngā kamupene te mārama ki ā rātou kaihoko e whāia ana. Kei roto i tēnei ko te wehewehe i te mākete ki ngā rōpū kaihoko i runga i ngā āhuatanga taupori, hinengaro, whenua, whanonga rānei.
– Tātari SWOT: Ko te SWOT he kupu whakarāpopoto mō ngā Kaha, ngā Weaknesses, ngā Opportunities, me ngā Threats. Mā tēnei tātari ka āwhina ngā kamupene ki te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga o roto, o waho hoki ka pā ki tā rātou mahi mākete.
– Rangahau Whakataetae: Mā te mōhio ki ngā mahi a ngā kaiwhakataetae ka taea te whakarato i ngā māramatanga nui. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tātari i ngā hua a ngā kaiwhakataetae, ngā utu, ngā whakatairanga, me ngā mahi tohatoha.
2. Te Wehewehenga, te Whāinga, me te Tūnga (STP)
He tukanga nui te STP i roto i te whakahaere hokohoko, e toru ngā taahiraa:
– Te Wehewehenga: Te wehewehe i te mākete ki ngā wāhanga iti ake me ngā hiahia me ngā mea rerekē.
– Te Whāinga: Te tīpako i tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā wāhanga hei tuku ratonga.
– Te Tūnga: Te whakatau me pēhea te tirohanga a ngā kaihoko ki tētahi hua, ki tētahi waitohu rānei, ki ērā atu kaihoko whakataetae.
3. Ranunga Hokohoko (4P)
He taputapu nui te Ranunga Hokohoko mō te whakawhanake i tētahi rautaki hokohoko whai hua. E whā ngā wāhanga matua o tēnei:
– Hua: Kei roto ko te whakawhanake i ngā hua e tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā kaihoko, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga, te hoahoa, te kounga, me te waitohu.
– Utu: Te whakatau i te rautaki utu tika mō ngā hua, ngā ratonga rānei kia taea ai e rātou te whakataetae i te mākete.
– Te Tūnga (Tohatoha): Te whakatau i ngā hongere tohatoha whai hua hei toro atu ki te mākete ūnga.
– Whakatairanga: Kei roto ko ngā huarahi maha hei whakatairanga i ngā hua, pērā i te pānuitanga, ngā whakatairanga hoko, ngā whanaungatanga ā-iwi, me te hokohoko tika.
4. Te Whakatinanatanga me te Whakahaere
Me whakatinana pai tētahi rautaki hokohoko kua whakamaheretia pai. Ko te tikanga o tēnei:
– Te Whakarite i ngā Mahi Hokohoko: Te whakarite i ngā mahi hokohoko kia oti ai ngā mahi katoa i te wā tika.
– Aroturukitanga me te Whakahaere: Whakatūria he inenga hei ine i te mahi a ngā rautaki hokohoko, ā, me whakarerekē ina hiahiatia.
Ngā Wāhanga o te Tukanga Whakahaere Hokohoko
1. Te Whakamahere
Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o tētahi mahi hokohoko ko te whakamahere. Kei roto i tēnei taahiraa:
– Tāutuhia ngā whāinga hokohoko.
- Te tautuhi i te mākete ūnga.
– Te whakamahere i tētahi tahua.
– Te whakawhanake i tētahi rautaki hokohoko e whakauru ana i ngā momo āhuatanga o te ranunga hokohoko.
2. Te Whakatinanatanga
Kia oti te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakatinanatanga. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakarite i te tīma hokohoko, te tohatoha rauemi, me te whakahaere i ngā rautaki hokohoko pēnei i ngā kaupapa pānuitanga, ngā whakatairanga hoko rānei.
3. Te tirotiro
Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga o te tukanga whakahaere hokohoko ko te aroturuki. Kei roto i tēnei ko:
– Kohia ngā raraunga mahi.
– Whakatauritehia ngā hua tuturu ki ngā whāinga kua whakaritea i mua.
– Tāutuhia ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana kia whakapaitia.
– Me whakatikatika hei whakapiki i te whai huatanga o te mahere hokohoko.
Ngā Wero i roto i te Whakahaere Hokohoko
1. Ngā Huringa Hangarau
I tēnei ao matihiko, ka tere te huri o te hangarau. Kei te whanake tonu ngā pāpāho pāpori, te hokohoko ipurangi, me ētahi atu taputapu hokohoko matihiko, e hiahia ana kia urutau tonu ngā kamupene me te whakamahi i ngā hangarau hou kia noho whai mana tonu ai.
2. Te Whanoke a te Kaihoko
Kāore te whanonga a te kaihoko e tū tonu; kei te huri tonu i runga i ngā au, ngā hiahia, me ngā manakohanga. He wero nui te whai i ēnei huringa me te mārama ki ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e te kaihoko.
3. Whakataetae Pūmau
Me whakataetae ngā kamupene ehara i te mea ko ngā kaitākaro o te rohe anake engari ko ngā kaitākaro o te ao. Me nui ake ngā rautaki auaha me ngā rautaki rerekē hei oranga mō tēnei i roto i te mākete whakataetae e piki haere ana.
4. Ngā Ture me ngā Kaupapa Here
He maha ngā panonitanga o ngā ture a te kāwanatanga me ngā kaupapa here a te ahumahi, ā, ka pā ki te whakahaere me te taunekeneke a ngā kamupene ki te mākete. He mea nui te tutuki i ēnei ture hei karo i ngā wero ture me te kino ki te ingoa o te kamupene.
5. Te raruraru o te mākete
He maha ngā wā ka pāngia te mahi a te mākete e ngā raruraru ōhanga, tōrangapū, taiao rānei. Me whai mahere ā-tau ngā kamupene hei whakatika i ngā āhuatanga ohorere, hei pupuri hoki i te haere tonu o te pakihi.
Whakamutunga
He wāhanga nui te whakahaere hokohoko o tētahi pakihi e rapu ana i te angitu roa me te pumau. Mā te mārama me te mātau ki ngā wāhanga me ngā tukanga e uru ana ki te whakahaere hokohoko, ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakawhanake i ngā rautaki whai hua hei whakauru atu ki ngā mākete ūnga, hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā kaihoko, me te whiwhi painga whakataetae i roto i te umanga. Ahakoa ngā wero maha e pā ana ki a rātou, ko ngā kamupene e kaha ana ki te urutau me te auaha ka whai wāhi tonu ki te angitu.
Nō reira, ko te whānuitanga o te whakahaere hokohoko e kapi ana i te tātari mākete, te rautaki STP, te ranunga hokohoko, te whakatinanatanga me te aroturukitanga, tae atu ki ngā wero e pā ana ki a ia. Me whakahaere pai ēnei āhuatanga katoa kia tutuki ai ngā whāinga hokohoko e hiahiatia ana.
