Me pēhea te hanga i te konganuku kowiri tira
Ko te maitai kore waikura, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te "maitai kore waikura", he rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi me ngā tono maha, mai i ngā taputapu kai ki ngā hanganga whare teitei. Ko ngā painga matua o te maitai kore waikura ko tōna ātete ki te waikura me te roa o te ora. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka hipokina e mātou ngā mahi taipitopito o te tukanga hanga maitai kore waikura, mai i ngā rauemi mata ki ngā hua kua oti.
1. Te Kōwhiringa o ngā Rauemi Mata
1.1. Te Whakapono
Ko te matūriki matua o te hanga rino kowiri tira ko te rino. Ka tangohia tēnei rino mai i ngā maina, he maha ngā wā he hematite, he magnetite rānei. Kātahi ka whai i ngā tukanga whakamahine maha hei whakanui ake i te nui o te rino.
1.2. Konukōmiuma
Ko te chromium tētahi atu huānga matua o te maitai kore waikura, e 10.5% pea te nui o te hanganga katoa. Nā te chromium tēnei maitai i ārai i te waikura. Ka whiwhihia te chromium mai i ngā kohuke pēnei i te chromite.
1.3. Nikara
He maha ngā wā ka tāpirihia te nikara hei whakanui ake i te ngāwari o te hanga me te ātete ki te waikura i ngā pāmahana tiketike. Ko te tikanga ka riro mai te nikara mai i ngā puna pēnei i te laterite me te nikara sulfide.
1.4. Ngā Rauemi Tāpiri
Ko ētahi atu huānga e tāpirihia pinepinetia ana ki te maitai kore waikura ko te molybdenum, te manganese, te silicon, te hauota, me te waro. Ka whakaratohia e ia o ēnei huānga ētahi atu āhuatanga motuhake pērā i te kaha ā-ringa, te ātete rānei ki te kakahu.
2. Tukanga Rewa
2.1. Te Hanga Rino Poaka
Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o te whakarewa ko te hanga rino poaka. Ka tukuna ngā rauemi mata ki roto i te oumu pupuhi, ka whakarewahia i ngā pāmahana tino teitei. Mā tēnei tukanga ka wehea te rino mai i ngā rauemi kāore anō kia whakamahia. Ko te hua ka puta ko te rino poaka, kei roto ko te waro, te silicon, te whanariki, me te phosphorus.
2.2. Whakakorenga
Ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakaiti i te nui o te waro i roto i te rino poaka mā te tukanga e kiia nei ko te tango waro. Ko te tikanga o tēnei mahi he mea mahi i roto i te kaitahuri hāora taketake, i te oumu pewa hiko rānei (EAF). I roto i te tikanga EAF, ka whakamahia ngā irahiko karāte hei whakaputa i ngā pāmahana tino teitei, kia taea ai te tango waro.
2.3. Te whakarewa
Kia whakaitihia te nui o te waro, ka tāpirihia ngā rauemi whakarewa pērā i te chromium, te nickel, te molybdenum, me ētahi atu ki te whakarewa. Me tino tupato, me tino tika hoki tēnei tukanga tāpiri, nā te mea ka taea e ngā hanganga hē te whakararu i ngā āhuatanga whakamutunga o te maitai kore waikura.
3. Te Pakari me te Whakamātautau
3.1. Te Whakaōrite
I muri i te tāpiritanga o te rauemi whakakoi, me whakaranu te konganuku rewa, i roto i te oumu whakakoi i te nuinga o te wā kia rite ai te tohatoha o ngā huānga whakakoi katoa puta noa i te konganuku rewa.
3.2. Takatapa
Ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te maka i te konganuku rewa ki roto i te pokepoke hei hanga i te pereki, te puāwai, te pereti rānei. Ka taea te whakahaere i tēnei tukanga mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga maha, pērā i te maka mate, te maka onepu, te maka tonu rānei.
3.3. Whakamātautau Kounga
I muri i te whakarewatanga o te konganuku, me whakamātau te rauemi e puta mai ana i ngā momo tikanga whakamātautau kounga, pērā i te whakamātautau kume, te whakamātautau pakeke, te whakamātautau pānga, me te tātari matū. Ko te whāinga kia tika te hanganga o te maitai kore waikura me ngā āhuatanga miihini e hiahiatia ana.
4. Tukanga Mahi Matatau
4.1. Hurirori wera
Ko ngā pereki, ngā putiputi, ngā pereti rānei i hangaia i te tukanga whakarewa he nui rawa, he taratara rawa hoki, kāore e tika kia whakamahia tika, nō reira me tukatuka anō mā te huri wera. I tēnei wā, ka whakamahanatia anō te konganuku, ka hurihia hei pepa angiangi, hei pae, hei kōtaha rānei.
4.2. Whakawhitinga
I muri i te hurihuri wera, ka pāngia te maitai e te tukanga whakamahana hei whakaiti i ngā ahotea o roto, hei whakanui ake hoki i te roa. Ko te tikanga o tēnei tukanga ko te whakamahana i te maitai ki tētahi pāmahana kua whakaritea, kātahi ka āta whakamatao.
4.3. Hurirere Matao
Hei whakatutuki i te matotoru me te āhua pai ake o te mata, ka hurihia mataotia te pepa whakarewa. Ka mahia te hurihuri matao i te pāmahana rūma, ā, ka maeneene ake te āhua o te maitai kore waikura, ā, ka pai ake hoki ngā āhuatanga ā-ringa.
4.4. Te whakapūkara
Ko te tukanga whakapūkara he tango i ngā waikura me ngā unahi mai i te mata whakarewa mā te whakamahi i tētahi otinga waikawa. Mā tēnei ka ma ake te āhua o te maitai kore waikura, ā, ka pai ake tōna ātete ki te waikura.
5. Te Whakaoti me te Hanga
5.1. Whakaoti Mata
I muri i ngā mahi tukatuka maha, ka taea te hoatu he momo whakaotinga ki te maitai kore waikura i runga i ngā whakaritenga tono motuhake. Ko ētahi o ngā whiringa whakaotinga mata ko te paraihe, te oro, te whakaata, te matte rānei.
5.2. Maimoaki wera
Tērā pea me tāpiri he maimoatanga wera hei whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o te maitai kore waikura, i runga i tōna whakamahinga. Ko ētahi o ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana ko te tinei, te whakamahana, me te whakakākahu.
5.3. Te Mīhini me te Hanga
He maha ngā wā me hanga te kowiri tira, me mīhini hoki kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga motuhake. Tērā pea ka uru atu ki tēnei te tapahi, te piko, te whakarewa, me ētahi atu tukanga hanga.
5.4. Kounga Kounga
Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga ko te whakarite i te kounga o te hua mā te whakamātautau me te tirotiro ā-kanohi. Kātahi ka tākaihia te hua whakamutunga, ā, ka rite mō te tohatoha ki ngā kaihoko, ki ngā ahumahi rānei e hiahia ana.
Whakamutunga
He tukanga uaua te hanga maitai kore waikura, e uru ana ki ētahi wāhanga, mai i te tango rauemi mata, te whakarewa, te whakakoi, te whakarewa, te huri, te whakawera, te whakapūkara, tae noa ki te whakaoti me te hanga. Ko te angitu i ia wāhanga o te tukanga e whakatau ana i te kounga me ngā āhuatanga o te hua maitai kore waikura whakamutunga. Ahakoa ngā wero, ko te maitai kore waikura tonu tētahi o ngā rauemi tino maha ngā mahi me te mea nui i roto i te ahumahi hou.
