Te Āwhata Whakaata: He Tikanga Hira i roto i te Pūnaha Io
Ko te pewa whakaata he tikanga matua i roto i te pūnaha io e āhei ai ngā tauhohenga tere, aunoa hei whakautu ki ētahi whakaohooho. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga hei āwhina i ngā rauropi ki te urupare pai ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē, pērā i te tango i te ringa mai i tētahi mea wera, te kimo rānei ina whakatata mai tētahi mea ki te kanohi. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia atu e tātou he aha te pewa whakaata, me pēhea tana mahi, me ētahi tauira o tēnei i roto i te oranga o ia rā.
Te Mārama ki te Āwhata Whakaata
Ko te pewa whakaata he ara io e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi whakaata. Ka kiia he "whakaata" nā te mea ka puta mai me te kore e whai wāhi tika mai te roro, i mua i te mōhio kua tauhohe tātou. He mahi kua whakaritea maoritia i roto i ō tātou tinana hei tiaki i a tātou mai i te tūpono, hei whakarite rānei kia ora.
Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te pewa whakaata ko:
1. Ngā Kaiwhakawhiwhi: He mahi hei hopu, hei kite rānei i ngā whakaohooho. Hei tauira, ko ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi pānga i roto i te kiri ka kite i te wera.
2. Ngā Neuron Ārai (Ārai): Ka haria e ēnei neuron ngā tohu mai i ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi ki te pūnaha io matua.
3. Pokapū Whakauru: Kei roto i te taurakira te nuinga o te wā, te wāhi e tukatukahia ai ngā tohu me te wāhi e whakatauhia ai ngā whakatau hei urupare.
4. Ngā Neuron Āwhina (Efferent): Tukuna ngā whakahau mai i te pūnaha io matua ki ngā effectors.
5. Kaiwhakawhiwhi: Ko te uaua, ko te repe rānei e mahi ana i te urupare. Mēnā ka mamae, ko te tikanga pea tēnei me tango te peka mai i te pūtake o te mōrearea.
Ngā Tukanga i roto i te Reflex Arc
Ina whiwhi te kaiwhiwhi i tētahi whakaohooho, ka haria ēnei mōhiohio e ngā io pūoro ki te taurakira (kaua ki te roro, hei tere tukatuka). Mā tēnei ka tere ake te urupare. I roto i te taurakira, ka tukuna te tohu ki ngā io pūoro mā te ara tika, mā ngā io pūoro rānei i te tuatahi hei tere tukatuka. Kātahi ka haria e ngā io pūoro te tohu ki te kaiwhakawhiwhi, ka whakautu mai i runga i ngā tohutohu.
He tino tere tēnei urupare ā-whakaaro nā te mea ka karohia te tukanga whakatau a te roro. Heoi anō, kei te mōhio tonu te roro ki te mea i tupu, ā, ka rongo i te mamae, i ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e kitea ana, ahakoa ka puta tēnei i muri i te otinga o te urupare tuatahi.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Whakaata Whānui
Ko ētahi o ngā urupare noa e kitea pinepinetia ana i roto i te oranga o ia rā:
– Te Whakaata o te Patellar: Ina pā te tākuta ki te turi ki te hama iti, ka whana whakamua te raro o tō tātou waewae. He tauira tēnei o te whakaata monosynaptic, arā, kotahi anake te synapse e hono ana i ngā neuron sensory me ngā neuron motor.
– Te Ātete-wera: Ki te pā atu koe ki tētahi mea wera, ka neke aunoa atu tō ringa. He āhuatanga tiaki tino nui tēnei.
– Te Whakaata Kimo: Ina neke tere tetahi mea ki ngā kanohi, ka kimo aunoa ō tātou kanohi hei tiaki i a tātou mai i ngā tūponotanga kino.
Te Hiranga o ngā Āwhata Whakaata
He mea nui te mahi a ngā awhiowhio i roto i ngā mahi o ia rā me ngā āhuatanga hauora. Ko ētahi o ngā painga me ngā mahi matua o ngā awhiowhio ko:
1. Parenga Tinana: Ka tiaki i te tinana mai i ngā kino kino mā te tuku i tētahi urupare tere atu i te mea me tukatuka tuatahi e te roro.
2. Te Pupuri i te Tū me te Taurite: He mahi anō tā ngā urupare ā-tinana hei āwhina i te pupuri i te taurite me te tū. He mea nui ngā urupare ā-tinana aunoa mō ngā kaitākaro e hiahia ana ki ngā urupare tere i te wā hākinakina.
3. Te Tātaritanga i ngā Āhuatanga Pūnaha Io: Ka taea e te whakamātautau aroāwhio te āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te whakatau i te mahi a te pūnaha io. Ka taea e ngā aroāwhio rerekē te tohu i ngā raruraru pūnaha io, i ētahi atu mate rānei o te tinana.
4. Te Ako: Ahakoa he maha ngā urupare ā-roto nō roto mai i te tinana, ka taea te whakapakari i ētahi mā te ako me te whakangungu. Hei tauira, mā te mahi kanikani poi, te mahi toi whawhai rānei ka taea te whakapakari i ngā urupare urupare kia tika ake ai te urupare ki ētahi nekehanga.
Te Katinga
He mea nui te mahi a ngā pewa whakaata i roto i te tinana, e āhei ai te tere o ngā urupare me te tiaki i a tātou mai i te tūponotanga ohorere. Mā te ako i te mahi a ēnei whakaata, ka mārama ake tātou ki te urupare me te urutau o ō tātou tinana ki ngā momo whakaohooho taiao. Ko te hiranga o ngā whakaata ka horapa atu i tua atu i te tiaki tinana ki te tātaritanga hauora me te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga tinana.
Mā te ako me te mārama ake ki ngā pewa whakaata ka taea te whakatakoto huarahi mō ngā momo rangahau hauora me te pūtaiao hei whakapai ake i te hauora me te oranga o te tangata. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te hiranga o tēnei pūnaha io aunoa i roto i ō tātou oranga o ia rā, me te whanaketanga o te tangata ki te urupare ki tētahi ao kī tonu i ngā whakaohooho i te tere me te whai hua.
