Ariā Whiwhinga ā-Motu
He ariā matua te moni whiwhi ā-motu i roto i te ōhanga, e ine ana i te uara katoa o ngā taonga me ngā ratonga i hangaia e tētahi whenua i roto i tētahi wā motuhake, arā, he tau te nuinga. Ehara i te mea ko tēnei ariā anake te pūtake mō te tātari ōhanga engari he taputapu nui hoki mā ngā kāwanatanga ki te whakamahere i ngā kaupapa here ōhanga me te whakatū i ngā kaupapa matua mō te whanaketanga ā-motu.
Te Mārama ki te Whiwhinga ā-Motu
Ka taea te tautuhi i te moni whiwhi ā-motu ko te uara moni katoa o te putanga whakamutunga i hangaia i roto i tētahi whenua i roto i te tau. Kei roto ko ngā taonga me ngā ratonga katoa i hangaia mō te kai, te haumi, me te kaweake, engari kāore i te kawemai. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te moni whiwhi ā-motu e whakaata ana i te hauora ōhanga o tētahi whenua me te oranga ōhanga o ōna tāngata whenua.
Ngā Wāhanga o te Whiwhinga ā-Motu
He maha ngā wāhanga matua o te moni whiwhi ā-motu, arā:
1. Te Hua ā-Rohe Katoa (GDP)
Ko te GDP te mehua tino whānui o te moni whiwhi ā-motu. Ka tatau i te uara katoa o ngā taonga me ngā ratonga whakamutunga i hangaia i roto i ngā rohe whenua o te whenua. E toru ngā huarahi hei tatau i te GDP: te huarahi whakaputa, te huarahi whakapaunga, me te huarahi moni whiwhi. He rerekē te tirohanga a ia huarahi engari he rite tonu te hua whakamutunga.
2. Te Hua Whenua Katoa (GNP)
He rite te GNP ki te GDP, engari ka whakaarohia hoki te moni whiwhi kupenga mai i tāwāhi. Arā, ka tāpirihia e te GNP te moni whiwhi e whiwhihia ana e ngā tāngata whenua mai i tāwāhi, ka tangohia te moni whiwhi e tukuna ana ki tāwāhi.
3. Te Whiwhinga ā-Motu Kupenga (NNI)
Ko te NNI te tapeke o te moni whiwhi kupenga a ngā tāngata whenua, whai muri i te tango i te whakahekenga uara mai i te GNI. Mā tēnei ka kitea he pikitia tika ake mō te moni whiwhi ka taea te whakamahi mō te kai me te penapena.
4. Whiwhinga Whaiaro
Ko te moni whiwhi whaiaro ko te tapeke o te moni whiwhi e whiwhihia ana e te tangata takitahi i roto i te ahua o te utu, ngā utu mahi, te huamoni, ngā wehewehenga, me ngā hua.
5. Whiwhinga Moni Whakakore
Koinei te moni whiwhi e toe ana mō te kai me te penapena i muri i te tango i ngā taake tika. He mea nui te moni whiwhi tukunga mō te oranga ōhanga o te tangata takitahi, nā te mea e whakaata ana i te nui o ngā rauemi ka taea e te whare te whakapau, te haumi rānei.
Ngā Tikanga Tātai Moni Whiwhi ā-Motu
E toru ngā tikanga matua e whakamahia ana hei tatau i te moni whiwhi ā-motu:
1. Huarahi Whakaputa
Ka inehia e tēnei huarahi te putanga whakamutunga i whakaputaina i roto i tētahi wā mā te tāpiri i te uara tāpiri i whakaputaina i ia wāhanga o te whakaputanga.
2. Huarahi Whakapaunga
Ka aromatawaihia e te huarahi whakapaunga te whiwhinga moni ā-motu mai i te taha tono mā te tāpiri i te tapeke o ngā whakapaunga mō ngā taonga me ngā ratonga whakamutunga a ngā whare, ngā pakihi, te kāwanatanga me te rāngai o tāwāhi.
3. Huarahi Whiwhi Moni
Ka aromatawaihia e tēnei huarahi te moni whiwhi ā-motu mā te tāpiri i ngā moni whiwhi o ngā āhuatanga whakaputa, pērā i ngā utu, te reti, te huamoni, me ngā hua. Ka whakarapopototia ngā moni whiwhi e whiwhihia ana e ngā āhuatanga whakaputa maha hei whiwhi i te moni whiwhi ā-motu katoa.
Te Hiranga o te Whiwhinga ā-Motu
He mea nui te ine i te moni whiwhi ā-motu mō ētahi take:
– Ngā Tohu Hauora Ōhanga
Mā te moni whiwhi ā-motu ka kitea he tirohanga whānui mō te hauora ōhanga o tētahi whenua. Hei tauira, ko te pikinga o te moni whiwhi ā-motu e whakaata ana i te tipu ōhanga, ā, ka tohu pea i te whakapainga o te paerewa oranga o te taupori.
– Te Whakamahere Kaupapahere
Ka whakamahia e ngā kāwanatanga ngā raraunga whiwhinga moni ā-motu hei hanga kaupapa here ōhanga, tae atu ki ngā kaupapa here moni me te tahua. Ka āwhina ēnei raraunga ki te whakatau kaupapa here mō te whakapaunga a te iwi, te haumitanga, me te taake.
– Whakataurite ā-Ao
Ka taea te whakamahi i te ine i te whiwhinga moni ā-motu hei whakatairite i ngā taumata o te oranga ōhanga i waenga i ngā whenua. Mā tēnei ka mārama ki te tūranga o tētahi whenua i roto i te horopaki o te ao.
– Te Tohatoha Rauemi
Mā te mārama ki te moni whiwhi ā-motu, ka taea e ngā kaihanga kaupapa here te whakatau pai ake mō te tohatoha o ngā rauemi iti, inā koa ka tae ki te haumi ki ngā rāngai matua pēnei i te mātauranga, te hauora, me ngā hanganga.
Ngā Herenga Whiwhinga ā-Motu
Ahakoa he mea nui te ine i te moni whiwhi ā-motu, he maha ōna herenga:
– Kāore e kapi ana i ngā mahi kore-mākete
Kāore i roto i te moni whiwhi ā-motu ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kore-mākete, pērā i ngā mahi whare e mahia kore utu ana, ahakoa he nui te takoha a ēnei mahi ki te ōhanga.
– Kāore e Whaiarohia te Tohatoha Moni Whiwhi
Kāore te ine i te moni whiwhi ā-motu e whakarato i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te tohatoha o te moni whiwhi i roto i tētahi whenua. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, e rua ngā whenua he rite te moni whiwhi ā-motu, ā, he tino rerekē ngā tohatoha moni whiwhi.
– Te kore aro ki te oranga kore-ōhanga
Kāore ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te harikoa, te kounga o te taiao, me te oranga hapori e whakaatahia ana i roto i ngā inenga moni whiwhi ā-motu.
Whakamutunga
He taputapu nui te moni whiwhi ā-motu hei ine i te mahi ōhanga o tētahi whenua, e whakarato ana i ngā māramatanga e hiahiatia ana ki ngā kaihanga kaupapa here me ngā tohunga ōhanga hei hanga kaupapa here me ngā rautaki hei whakarei ake i te oranga ōhanga. Ahakoa ōna herenga, ina whakamahia ngātahi me ētahi atu tohu, ka taea e te moni whiwhi ā-motu te tuku tirohanga whānui ake mō te oranga ōhanga me te tautoko i te whakamahere whai hua ake mō te whanaketanga ōhanga pumau.
