Ngā Tikanga Whakaora i roto i te Tohutohu Tamariki
Ko te huarahi whakaora tamariki me whai māramatanga hōhonu, aroha hoki ki tō rātou ao. He wā hurihuri me ngā wero te tamarikitanga, ā, he maha ngā wā ka hiahia ngā tamariki ki te āwhina i a rātou ki te whakatere i ngā raruraru kare ā-roto, whanonga, me te pāpori e pā ana ki a rātou. He mara motuhake te tohutohu tamariki, ā, me whai tikanga motuhake kia whai hua ai te āwhina i ngā tamariki. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ētahi o ngā tikanga whakaora e whakamahia ana i roto i te tohutohu tamariki.
1. Te Whakaora Tākaro
Te Mārama ki ngā Kēmu Whakaora
Ko te tākaro whakaora tētahi o ngā tikanga tino noa, tino whai hua hoki i roto i te whakahāngai tamariki. Mā te tākaro, ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakapuaki i ō rātou kare ā-roto me ō rātou whakaaro i roto i te huarahi e māori ana, e whakamarie ana hoki ki a rātou.
He aha i whai hua ai tēnei tikanga?
He maha ngā wā kāore i te kaha ngā tamariki ki te whakapuaki i ō rātou kare ā-roto me ō rātou raruraru mā te kōrero. Mā te tākaro, ka taea e rātou te whakapuaki i a rātou anō mā te tohu, ka huaki te kuaha mō ngā kaiārahi ki te mārama me te aro atu ki ngā take matua.
Ngā Momo Kēmu Whakaora Rerekē
Ko ētahi momo tākaro whakaora ko:
– Te Whakaari Tūranga: Ka whakaari ngā tamariki i ngā momo kiripuaki, i ngā āhuatanga rānei hei āwhina i a rātou ki te whakatau i ngā tautohe me te mārama ki ngā tirohanga a ētahi atu.
– Tākaro Auaha: Kei roto ko ngā mahi pēnei i te tuhi, te peita, te hanga whare rānei mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi pēnei i te uku.
– Te Tākaro Ā-Iwi: Te whakamahi i ngā rauemi hei whakaoho i ngā ā-iwi, pērā i te onepu, te wai rānei, hei āwhina i ngā tamariki kia marino, kia arotahi hoki.
2. Te Tohutohu Kōrero (Te Whakaora Kōrero)
Te Mārama ki te Tohutohu Kōrero
Ko te kōrero tohutohu he huarahi e akiakihia ai ngā tamariki ki te kōrero i ō rātou ake pūrākau oranga. I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka kitea e rātou he tikanga hou i roto i ō rātou wheako, ā, ka whakawhanakehia he kōrero pai ake mō rātou anō.
Ngā Tikanga me ngā Tukanga
I roto i te kaupapa kōrero whakataki, ka mahi tahi ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro me ngā tamariki ki te tautuhi i te "kōrero matua" e kōrerotia ana e rātou anō. Kātahi ka āwhina ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro i a rātou ki te hanga i tētahi "kōrero rerekē" e pai ake ana, e whakamana ana hoki. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga te pātai i ngā pātai whai whakaaro me te tautoko, pēnei i:
– “He aha tāu i whakaaro ai i taua wā?”
– “He aha ōu kare ā-roto i muri i taua mahi?”
– “He huarahi anō kei reira hei tirotiro māu i tēnei āhuatanga?”
3. Te Whakaora Hinengaro-Whanoke (CBT)
Te Mārama ki te CBT
Ko te Whakaora Hinengaro-Whanoke (CBT) he huarahi e arotahi ana ki te whakarerekē i ngā tauira whakaaro kino me ngā whanonga e whai wāhi ana ki ngā raruraru kare ā-roto. I roto i te horopaki o te tohutohu tamariki, ka taea te whakarite CBT kia tutuki ai ngā matea whanaketanga o te tamaiti.
Ngā Tikanga me te Whakatinanatanga
– Te Tāutu i ngā Whakaaro Kino: Ka āwhinahia ngā tamariki kia kite i ngā whakaaro kino, ngā whakaaro hē rānei kei a rātou mō rātou anō, mō ētahi āhuatanga rānei.
– Te Whakakapi i ngā Whakaaro Kino ki ngā Whakaaro Pai: Te āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakakapi i ngā whakaaro kino ki ngā whakaaro pono ake, pai ake hoki.
– Ngā Mahi Whakangā me te Whakahaere Taumahatanga: Ka whakamahia ngā tikanga pēnei i te manawa hōhonu me te whakangā uaua haere tonu hei āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakahaere i te manukanuka me te ahotea.
Ngā Hua o te CBT i roto i te Whakangungu Tamariki
He tikanga whai hua te CBT mō te rongoā i ngā momo raruraru, tae atu ki te manukanuka, te pouri, me ngā mate whanonga. Mā tēnei tikanga ka āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga ki te whakahaere i ō rātou kare ā-roto me te whakaoti rapanga i roto i ngā huarahi urutau ake.
4. Te Whakaora i te Kaha
Ngā Mātāpono Taketake
Ko te kaupapa whakaora rauemi-ā-rauemi he arotahi ki te tautuhi me te whakapakari i ngā kaha me ngā āheinga o te tamaiti. Engari ko te arotahi ki ngā ngoikoretanga me ngā raruraru, ka āwhina tēnei tikanga i ngā tamariki kia kite i ō rātou āhuatanga pai me te whakamahi i aua āhuatanga hei tūāpapa mō te whanaketanga tonu.
Ngā Whakamahinga Whai Hua
– Aromatawai Rauemi: Ka mahi tahi ngā kaiārahi me ngā tamariki ki te tautuhi i ō rātou pūkenga, ō rātou pūmanawa, me ō rātou hiahia.
– Te Whakamihi me te Whakakaha: Ka whakanui te kaiārahi i te tamaiti me te whakatenatena i a ia anō.
– Te Whakatakoto Whāinga: Te āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakatakoto whāinga tūturu i runga i ō rātou kaha, me te whakamahere i ngā mahi hei whakatutuki i aua whāinga.
5. Whakaora Whānau
Te Hiranga o te Huarahi Whānau
He wāhanga nui ngā whānau o te oranga o te tamaiti, ā, he nui te awe o ēnei ki tōna oranga ngākau. Mā te whakaora whānau ka uru ngā mema o te whānau ki te tukanga tohutohu hei āwhina i te whakapai ake i ngā whanaungatanga o te whānau me te tautoko i te whanaketanga o te tamaiti.
Ngā Tikanga me ngā Rautaki
– Te Whakapai Ake i te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero: Te āwhina i ngā mema o te whānau ki te ako i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i roto i te huarahi whai hua ake, me te aroha hoki.
– Te Whakatau Ngātahi i ngā Raru: Ka ako i ngā whānau ki te mahi tahi ki te aro atu ki ngā raruraru me te kimi otinga.
– Ngā Tūranga me ngā Rohe: Whakatūria he tūranga me ngā rohe mārama i roto i te whānau hei whakarato i tētahi hanganga haumaru, pumau hoki mō ngā tamariki.
6. Whakaora Toi
Whakamāramatanga me ngā Painga
Ko te whakaora toi he whakamahi i ngā momo toi tirohanga (pēnei i te tuhi, te peita, me te whakairo) hei huarahi whakapuaki i a rātou anō me te aro atu ki ngā kare ā-roto. Mā te toi ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakapuaki i ngā kare ā-roto e uaua pea ki a rātou te whakapuaki ā-waha.
Te Whakatinanatanga i roto i ngā Wāhanga Whakaora
– Ngā Mahi Toi Arataki: Ka ārahi ngā kaiārahi i ngā mahi toi kua hangaia hei āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te aro atu ki ngā take motuhake.
– Whakaaroaro me te Kōrero: Whai muri i te mahi toi, ka matapakihia e te kaiārahi me te tamaiti te mahi toi me ngā mea i whakaaturia i roto i te mahi.
7. Te Wawaotanga Hapori (Whakangungu Pūkenga Hapori)
Arotahi ki te Whakawhanaketanga Pūkenga Hapori
Ka taea e ngā raruraru pāpori te waiho hei pūtake nui o te ahotea mō ngā tamariki. Ko ngā wawaotanga pāpori ko te whakaako i ngā pūkenga pāpori motuhake, pēnei i te taunekeneke ki ngā hoa, te whakatau i ngā tautohe, me te hanga whanaungatanga hauora.
Ngā Tikanga me ngā Mahi
– Te Tākaro Tūranga: Ka āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakaharatau i ētahi āhuatanga pāpori i roto i tētahi taiao haumaru, whai hanganga hoki.
– Te Whakakaha Pai: Te whakanui me te whakawhiwhi i ngā hua mō ngā taunekeneke pāpori pai.
– Te Whakatauira: Ka whakaatu te kaiārahi i ngā whanonga pāpori e hiahiatia ana kia whaia e te tamaiti.
Te Katinga
Me whai huarahi ahurei te kaupapa tohutohu tamariki e hāngai ana ki ngā hiahia takitahi o ia tamaiti. Ko ngā tikanga whakaora pērā i te tākaro whakaora, te tohutohu kōrero, te CBT, te whakaora rauemi, te whakaora whānau, te whakaora toi, me ngā wawaotanga pāpori, he huarahi whai hua katoa hei āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te aro atu ki ngā momo wero kare ā-roto, whanonga, me te pāpori. Mā te māramatanga tika me te whakamahi i ēnei tikanga, ka taea e ngā kaiārahi te whakarato tautoko tino nui i ngā wā tino nui o te whanaketanga o te tamaiti.
