He māmā noa iho te whakamahi i ngā oumu hiko mā te katoa?
Kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā oumu hiko i roto i ngā kīhini o ngā kāinga, ngā whare noho, ngā whare noho, tae atu ki ngā pakihi iti. He rerekē ngā take: he whai hua ake, he āhua hou, ā, e kiia ana he haumaru ake nā te mea kāore e whakamahia he hau. Heoi anō, ka ara ake tētahi pātai māori: he ngāwari te whakamahi i ngā oumu hiko mō te katoa? Ko te whakautu he "āe," engari me ētahi whakatūpato nui. Ko te ngāwari o te whakamahi i te oumu hiko ka tino pāngia e te momo oumu, ngā tikanga tunu kai, ngā āhuatanga o te kaiwhakamahi, me te rite o te tāutanga hiko o te kāinga.
Te Mārama ki ngā Momo o ngā Umu Hiko me tā rātou Mahi
I mua i te whakatau mēnā he māmā, kāore rānei, me mārama tātou he maha ngā momo "oumu hiko". He maha ngā momo e kitea whānuitia ana:
1. Ogaumu hiko porowhita (whakamahana porowhita)
He āhua porowhita tōna e whakamahia ana, ā, ka tiaho whero ina wera. He mea noa tēnei i runga i ngā oumu kawe me ētahi oumu kua hangaia ki roto. He māmā noa iho ngā tautuhinga: hurihia te porowhita ki te taumata wera e hiahiatia ana.
2. Ouma hiko uku/kanapa (mata karāhe)
He papatahi te mata, he ātaahua te āhua, ā, ka puta te wera mai i te huānga i raro i te karāhe. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pātene pā, i ngā pātene pā rānei hei whakahaere.
3. Ouma whakawera
He rerekē ki ngā momo e rua kua whakahuatia ake nei, ka whakamahana tika te paraharaha i te hiko hiko mā roto i te papa hikohiko. Kāore te mata o te oumu e wera pērā i te oumu hihi, ā, he whakaaturanga me ngā tautuhinga mana/pāmahana tika.
Mō te "ngāwari," he mea mōhio te hunga tīmata ki ngā oumu koiri me ngā oumu hihi-ā-rangi nā te mea he rite te ariā ki ngā oumu hau—te whakamahana i te mata, kātahi ka tunu kai. Ko te whakapūngao te mea tino whai hua me te tere, engari he raruraru: me whai paraharaha hototahi (he mea hanga i ngā rauemi aukume pēnei i te rino, i ētahi maitai kore waikura rānei).
Ngā Āhuatanga e Māmā ai te Whakamahi i ngā Oihini Hiko
1. Mahi māmā me te pumau
Ko te nuinga o ngā oumu hiko ka tahuri noa, ka tīpako i te taumata wera, ka tīmata te tunu kai. Kāore he take ki te tahu ahi, kāore he take ki te tirotiro i te kaiwhakahaere hau, ā, kāore he take ki te manukanuka kei mate te mura (ina koa i roto i te kīhini tuwhera, i te rūma rānei he kaha te rere o te hau).
Mō te hunga hou ki te tunu kai, mā tēnei ka māmā ake te tukanga: tahuri—tautuhi—tunu. He maha ngā tauira he tohu wera, he taima, he āhuatanga whakaweto aunoa rānei hei āwhina i te kore e wareware ki te whakaweto i te oumu.
2. He "hoa" ake mō ngā wāhi iti
I ngā whare noho, i ngā whare noho rūma iti rānei, ko ngā oumu hiko kawe te mea e pai ana te whiriwhiri nā te mea he ngāwari te neke, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he ipu hau. Mō ngā kainoho kāore e hiahia ki te raruraru o te whakakī hau, he māmā noa iho ngā oumu hiko, ā, he iti noa iho ngā utu whakahaere.
3. He whaihua ake te horoi (ina koa ngā mata papatahi)
He māmā noa iho te horoi i ngā oumu karāhe/uku me ngā oumu hiko. Ka taea te muru i te kai kua maringi ina matao. He rerekē tēnei ki ngā oumu hau, he mura, he pae kupenga, me ngā kokonga e kohia ai te paru.
4. Te whakahaere wera pumau (i runga i te momo)
E mōhiotia ana ngā oumu whakawera mō te tere o te urupare—ina whakanuia, ina whakaitihia rānei te wera, ka tere te rongo i te huringa o te wera. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te whakamahi mō ngā tikanga tunu kai e hiahia ana kia whakahaeretia, pērā i te parai tere, te pupuri rānei i te ranu kia koropupū me te kore e pahū.
Wero: He aha te mea kāore i te ngāwari mō te katoa?
Ahakoa ōna painga maha, tera tonu ētahi rōpū kaiwhakamahi me urutau.
1. Ngā tikanga a ngā kaiwhakamahi oumu hau
Ko te hunga kua taunga ki te tunu kai ki te ahi, ka whakawhirinaki ki te whakaaturanga o ngā mura hei "rongo" i te wera. I runga i ngā oumu hiko—ina koa ko ngā oumu hiko whakawera—kāore he mura. Me taunga ngā kaiwhakamahi ki ngā tau taumata wera, ki ngā tohu, ki ngā wā whakamahana rānei.
Ka roa ake te pupuri i te wera o ngā oumu whakawera i muri i te whakawetonga (te wera toenga). He mea miharo tēnei mō ngā kaiwhakamahi kua taunga ki te mura ka tineia tonutia ina whakawetohia te poro hau.
2. Te hiahia mō ētahi taputapu tunu kai
Me whakamahi i ngā taputapu tunu kai hototahi mō ngā papa tunu kai whakapūkara. Mena he maha āu paraharaha konumohe angiangi, he paraharaha kore-aukume rānei kei te kāinga, me whakakapi, me tāpiri rānei ētahi atu. Ki ētahi, he uaua pea tēnei nā te utu tāpiri me te tukanga whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tika.
He ngāwari ake ngā papa tunu kai kanapa, engari ka ngawari ake te karawarawa o te mata karāhe mēnā ka tōia pinepinetia te paraharaha e te kaiwhakamahi, ka whakamahia rānei he paraharaha he papa taratara te turanga.
3. Te whakawhirinaki ki te hiko me te kaha o te mana
He take nui tēnei i Initonīhia. He nui te hiko e hiahiatia ana mō ngā oumu hiko. Mēnā he iti te hiko o tō whare, ka taea e te oumu te motu i te hiko ina whakamahia ngātahi me te oumu raihi, te ipu wai, te hauhautanga, te rino, te whakamahana wai rānei.
Hei tāpiritanga, i ngā wāhi e motu ana te hiko, ka kore e taea te whakamahi i ngā oumu hiko. I ētahi wā, ka kiia tonu he pono ake ngā oumu hau mō ngā āhuatanga ohorere.
4. Ngā kaumātua, ngā kaumātua rānei, me te hunga kāore i te tino mōhio ki ngā taputapu matihiko
He maha ngā pātene pā, ngā tautuhinga taumata hiko, ngā aratau (kohua, parai, hupa), me te āhuatanga raka kei roto i ngā oumu hiko hou. Mō ngā kaiwhakamahi pakeke ake, mō te hunga kāore i te mōhio ki ngā taputapu matihiko, ka pōhēhē pea tēnei atanga i te tīmatanga.
Heoi, ko te nuinga o tēnei e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hoahoa. He tino māmā ētahi o ngā oumu hiko (he nui, he mārama ngā pātene), ko ētahi he "iti rawa" rawa, ā, he uaua ki te mārama ki ngā ata.
5. Te aro ki ngā oro me ngā tikanga tunu kai tuku iho
Ka puta he haruru pā i ētahi o ngā oumu hiko ina whakamahia. Ki ētahi, he mea whakararuraru tēnei. Hei tāpiri, ko ētahi momo tunu kai tuku iho—pērā i te whakamahi i te woka piko mō te woka hei, te tunu rānei i runga i te wera nui—e kiia ana he pai ake mō te hau. Ka taea tonu te mahi i ngā oumu hiko, engari ka rerekē pea ngā hua i runga i te momo oumu me te mana e wātea ana.
He Haumaru, he Māmā rānei ngā Oumu Hiko mō ngā Whānau?
Mō ngā whānau he tamariki nohinohi ā rātou, he pai ake te haumaru o ngā oumu hiko i ētahi āhuatanga: kāore he mura ahi, kāore hoki he mōrearea o te turuturu hau. Heoi anō, tera atu anō ētahi mōrearea, pērā i te mata whakamahana (te hihi/te uku) me te hiahia kia noho pai ngā taura me ngā mono.
Ko ngā oumu whakapūngao te mea e kiia ana ko te mea tino haumaru nā te mea ko te wera tuatahi ka puta i roto i te paraharaha, ehara i te oumu. He maha ngā tauira he āhuatanga whakaweto aunoa ina tangohia te paraharaha. Heoi anō, he mea nui tonu ngā mahi whakatūpato haumaru: me pupuri ngā mea whakarewa iti kia matara atu, kaua e aukati i ngā putanga hau, me te whakamahi i tētahi putanga hiko kounga teitei.
Ngā Tohutohu hei Whakangawari i te Whakamahinga o ngā Oumu Hiko mā te Katoa
1. Kōwhiria te momo e rite ana ki ō hiahia
– Me tere, me whai hua hoki: whakaarohia te whakapūtanga.
– Me ngāwari te whakamahi i ngā momo paraharaha katoa: he pai ake pea te whakamahi i te radiant/coil.
2. Kia aro ki te mana hiko o te whare
Tirohia te kaha o te oumu, ka whakarite kia rite ki te kaha kua tāutahia. Mēnā e tika ana, whakamahia he taura hiko motuhake hei whakapai ake i te pumau.
3. Whakamahia ngā taputapu tunu kai tika
Mō te whakapūngao, whakamātauria ki te aukume: ki te piri ki te raro o te paraharaha, he hototahi te nuinga o te wā.
4. Tīmata mai i tētahi tahua māmā
Kohuatia te wai, tunua ngā nūru, ka parai mārire. Mai i konei, ka mārama ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te urupare wera me te taumata whakamarie.
5. Whakamahia ngā āhuatanga haumaru
Whakamahia ngā taima, ngā raka tamariki, me te whakaweto aunoa ina wātea.
Whakamutunga
I te nuinga o te wā, he māmā noa iho te whakamahi i ngā oumu hiko mā te tini tāngata, nā te mea he māmā noa iho te whakamahi, he ngāwari te horoi, me ngā āhuatanga haumaru kua whakapaitia. Heoi, e kore e taea te whakakorekore kāore e kitea e te katoa he pai tonu - ina koa mēnā he iti te hiko o te kāinga, kua taunga te kaiwhakamahi ki te tunu kai i runga i te ahi, he pōhēhē rānei te atanga matihiko o te oumu i whiriwhiria.
Ko te mea nui hei whakangāwari i te whakamahinga o tētahi oumu hiko mā te katoa ko te whiriwhiri i te momo tika, te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga hiko o tō whare, me te tuku wā ki te whakarerekē. Mēnā ka whiriwhiria tika, ka taea e te oumu hiko te noho hei otinga tunu kai whai hua, haumaru, me te watea mō te nuinga o te tangata.
