Te Whakahaere Rauemi Hī Ika Tauwhiro: Te Mea Matua ki te Anamata o ngā Moana
He mea nui te mahi a ngā rauemi hī ika hei oranga mō ngā piriona tāngata o te ao, i te taha ōhanga, kai, me te taha ahurea. Tata ki te 17% o te pūmua kararehe e kainga ana i te ao e whakaratohia ana e ngā moana, ā, e whakarato ana te umanga hī ika i ngā mahi mō te neke atu i te 200 miriona tāngata. Heoi, kei te mōrearea haere te oranga tonutanga o ēnei rauemi nā ngā mahi hī ika kore e tauwhiro, te parahanga moana, te huringa āhuarangi, me ētahi atu wero. Nō reira, he mea nui te whakahaere tauwhiro o ngā rauemi hī ika kia taea ai e ō tātou moana te whakatutuki tonu i ngā hiahia o te tangata me te kore e kino ki ngā pūnaha rauropi o nāianei.
Te Mārama ki te Whakahaere Rauemi Hī Ika Tauwhiro
Ko te whakahaere rauemi hī ika tauwhiro he huinga rautaki me ngā kaupapa here i hangaia hei whakahaere i ngā mahi hī ika i roto i te huarahi e tautoko ana i te tauwhirotanga o ēnei rauemi. Ko te whāinga kia tutuki he taurite i waenga i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi hī ika mō te oranga wā poto me te tiakitanga wā roa o ngā rauropi moana. Kei roto i tēnei he maha ngā āhuatanga, mai i ngā ture hī ika me te tiaki i ngā nohoanga ki te mātauranga me te whakamana ture.
Te Huarahi Pūnaha Rauropi i roto i te Whakahaere Hī Ika
Ko tētahi o ngā mātāpono matua o te whakahaere tauwhiro ko te huarahi rauropi. E whakatairanga ana tēnei huarahi i te tauwhirotanga o te rauropi katoa i runga ake i ngā painga o ngā momo, o ngā rāngai rānei. Ko te whāinga matua ko te pupuri i te taurite i waenga i ngā momo me tō rātou taiao. Kei roto i tēnei huarahi ko te aroturuki i ngā taupori ika, te hauora o ngā nohonga moana, me ngā taunekeneke i waenga i ngā momo kia kore ai ngā mahi hī ika e kino ki ngā rauropi moana.
Ngā Ture me ngā Pūtea Hī Ika
He taputapu nui ngā ture me ngā rohenga mō te huarahi rauropi. Ka whakatakotohia e ngā kāwanatanga me ngā rōpū o te ao ngā rohenga hī ika i runga i ngā raraunga pūtaiao mō ngā taupori o ngā momo motuhake. Kua hangaia ēnei rohenga hei ārai i te hī ika nui rawa, hei pupuri i ngā taupori ika i roto i ngā rohenga ka taea te whakahou, me te whakarite i te pumau o ngā rauropi moana. Hei tauira, ko te ture Hopu Katoa e Whakaaetia ana (TAC) a te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, e whakatakoto ana i ngā herenga mō te maha o ngā ika ka taea te hopu i ia tau.
Te Tiaki Nohoanga
Ko te tiaki i ngā nohoanga he wāhanga nui anō hoki o te whakahaere hī ika tauwhiro. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tiaki i ngā toka korara, ngā mangrove, me ētahi atu nohoanga tūturu e mahi ana hei wāhi whakaputa uri me te whāngai mō ngā momo ika. Hei tauira, ko ngā toka korara te kāinga mō te 25% o ngā mea ora katoa o te moana, ā, he tiaki hoki i ngā āhuatanga kino o te taiao. Nō reira, he mea nui te tiaki i ngā toka korara mā te whakatū i ngā papa moana me ngā wāhi tiaki.
Hangarau me te Auahatanga i roto i te Whakahaere Hī ika
He mea nui te mahi a te hangarau ki te tautoko i te whakahaerenga hī ika tauwhiro. Mā ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā Pūnaha Aroturuki Waka (VMS), ngā Pūnaha Mōhiohio Matawhenua (GIS), me ngā waka rererangi kore-hiko ka taea te aroturuki i ngā mahi hī ika i te wā tonu. Hei tauira, mā te VMS ka taea e ngā mana whakahaere hī ika te whai i te wāhi me ngā mahi a ngā waka hī ika arumoni, ā, ka hua ake he whakatinanatanga whai hua ake o ngā ture me ngā toha.
Haunga ngā taputapu aroturuki, ka whakamahia hoki te hangarau i roto i te mahi pāmu ika tauwhiro (ahuwhenua). Kua tere te tipu o te mahi ahuwhenua hei huarahi kē atu hei whakaiti i te pēhanga ki ngā momo ika mohoao. Mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau matatau pēnei i ngā pūnaha tātari koiora me te whakahaere aunoa, ka taea e te mahi ahuwhenua te whakaputa ika me te iti o te pānga ki te taiao. Heoi, he mea nui kia whakarite kia whakamahia hoki e ngā mahi ahuwhenua he huarahi tauwhiro, hei tauira mā te karo i te whakamahi i ngā kai mai i te ika mohoao, ka kino pea te pūnaha rauropi.
Mātauranga me te Mōhiotanga ā-Iwi
He rite tonu te hiranga o te mātauranga me te whakapiki i te mōhiotanga o te marea ki te whakahaere hī ika tauwhiro. Ka taea e ngā kaupapa mātauranga me ngā kaupapa whakamōhiotanga te whakarato i ngā mōhiotanga nui ki ngā kaihao ika, ki ngā kaitākaro ahumahi, me te marea whānui mō ngā mahi tauwhiro. Ka taea hoki e te mātauranga te āwhina i te whakarerekē i ngā whanonga a te kaihoko i roto i te whiriwhiri i ngā hua hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao, hei tauira mā te whakamana i ēnei hua mā roto i ngā kaupapa pēnei i te Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) me te Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC).
Ngā pirihimana
Kāore e taea te wehewehe i te whai huatanga o te whakahaere hī ika tauwhiro me te kaha o te whakatinanatanga ture. Me kaha te whakatinanatanga ture hei whakatika i ngā hī ika turekore, kāore i te ripoatatia, me ngā hī ika kāore i te ripoatatia (IUU Fishing). Kua whai wāhi nui te hī ika IUU ki te hekenga o ngā ika me te whakangaromanga o ngā pūnaha rauropi moana. Mā te mahi tahi o te ao me te mahi whakatau ki ngā kaihara, ka nui ake te whai huatanga o te whakatinanatanga ture.
Akoranga Take: Ngā Angitu me ngā Wero
Ka kitea tētahi tauira o te whakahaere hī ika tauwhiro angitu i Nōwei. Kua noho tēnei whenua hei kaiārahi i roto i te whakahaere hī ika tauwhiro mā te whakatinanatanga o ngā rohenga rawa tino pakari, te hangarau aroturuki matatau, me te mahi tahi me ngā kaipupuri hea. Nā reira, ka noho pumau tonu ngā rawa ika i roto i ngā wai o Nōwei, ā, ka mau tonu ngā hopunga ika.
I tētahi atu taha, ko Indonesia, te tuarua o ngā takutai moana roa rawa atu o te ao, e pāngia ana e ngā wero maha i roto i te whakahaere hī ika tauwhiro. Kei te horapa tonu ngā mahi hī ika ture kore, me ngā mahi hī ika kore tauwhiro i roto i ngā rohe maha. Ahakoa tēnei, kua mahi te kāwanatanga o Indonesia i ngā mahi nui mā te whakatinana i te aukati i te hī ika ture kore me te whakauru i ngā ture hou hei tiaki i ngā rauropi moana. Heoi anō, me whakapau kaha tonu ki te mātauranga, ki te whakatinana ture, me te mahi tahi o te ao.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakahaere rauemi hī ika tauwhiro te mea nui ki te pupuri i te taurite i waenga i te whakamahinga me te tiaki i ngā rauemi moana. Mā te huarahi rauropi, ngā ture tino pakari, te tiaki i ngā nohoanga, ngā hangarau auaha, te mātauranga tūmatanui, me te whakatinanatanga ture pakari, ka taea e tātou te whakarite kia noho tonu ngā rauemi hī ika hei painga mō ngā reanga kei te heke mai. Mā ngā moana hauora ka whakaratohia he kai, he mahi, me te kanorau koiora whakamiharo mā tātou katoa. Nō reira, kua tae ki te wā kia mahi tahi ngā kaipupuri katoa, mai i ngā kāwanatanga me ngā kaitākaro ahumahi ki te marea whānui, i roto i tēnei kaupapa tauwhiro.
