Te Pānga o ngā Ngāhere ki te Huringa Wai i ngā Whenua Tropika
E mōhiotia ana ngā rohe pārūrū mō ō rātou kanorau koiora whakamiharo me ngā ngahere, e whakarato ana i ngā momo ratonga rauropi nui. Ko tētahi o ngā ratonga nui e whakaratohia ana e ngā ngahere pārūrū ko tō rātou tūranga i roto i te huringa wai o te ao me te rohe. He tūranga nui tā ngā ngahere pārūrū, pērā i ngā ngahere o te Amazon, Congo, me Indonesia, ki te whakahaere i ngā rere o te wai, te whakaū i te āhuarangi, me te whakarite i te wātea o te wai. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te pānga o ngā ngahere pārūrū ki te huringa wai me te hiranga o ngā mahi tiaki taiao hei pupuri i tēnei mahi nui.
1. Te Whakapūnga me te Whakamātao
He kaha ahurei tō ngā ngahere toropika ki te awe i te huringa wai mā roto i ngā tukanga o te mimiti me te mimiti.
Ko te whakapūhau te tukanga e mimitihia ai te wai e ngā pakiaka rākau mai i te oneone, kātahi ka tukuna ki te āhuarangi mā roto i ngā stomata i roto i ngā rau. Ehara i te mea ka whakamatao noa i te tipu, engari ka hangaia hoki he haumākū i te rangi.
– Ko te mimiti, i tētahi atu taha, ko te tukanga e mimiti ai te wai mai i te oneone, i ngā mata rau, me ngā wai ki te āhuarangi.
I roto i ngā ngahere pārūrū, ka puta ngātahi te mimiti me te mimiti, ā, ka nui te kohu wai e tukuna ana ki te āhuarangi. Hei tauira, ko te ngahere ua o Amazon anake e tuku ana i te haurua o te kohu wai i te āhuarangi puta noa i Amerika ki te Tonga.
He mea nui tēnei tukanga nā te mea ka piki ake te mamaoa wai ki te āhuarangi ka hanga kapua ka taea te whakaputa ua. Nō reira, ka āwhina ngā ngahere pārūrū ki te pupuri i te huringa wai ā-rohe, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā pūnaha rauropi me ngā taupori tangata.
2. Te Ua me te Tūranga o ngā Ngāhere hei Kaihoroi Wai
He pai hoki te mahi a ngā ngahere pārūrū hei mimiti wai. Ko te taupoki o te ngahere, he mea tito mai i ngā paparanga rau, manga me ngā peka iti, ka taea te pupuri i te wai ua, ā, ka whakaiti i te tere o te taenga o te wai ki te whenua.
– Ka whakaitihia te waikura e te aukati ua, ka ārai i te ngaronga o ngā paparanga oneone momona, ā, ka pupuri i te hanganga oneone pumau.
– Ka taea te mimiti me te rongoa i te wai e tae atu ana ki te whenua mā tēnei tukanga puhoi ki roto i te oneone, kātahi ka tukuna mārire ki roto i ngā awa me ngā manga iti, kia mau tonu ai te rere o te wai puta noa i te tau.
He mea nui rawa tēnei i ngā rohe pārūrū e pāngia ana e ngā wā maroke, ina he iti noa te wai e wātea ana. Nō reira, ko ngā ngahere pārūrū he puna wai tūturu ka taea te tuku i ngā wā maroke, kia mau ai te puna wai mō ngā pūnaha rauropi me ngā hapori.
3. Te Whakaiti i te Mōrearea o ngā Waipuke me te Tauraki
Mā te whakahaere wai e ngā ngahere pārūrū ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o ngā waipuke me ngā tauraki.
– I te wā ua nui, ka āwhina ngā hanganga ngahere ki te whakaroa i te rere o te wai, me te whakanui ake i te urunga ki roto i te oneone, ka taea ai te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā waipuke kino.
– I taua wā anō, nā te mea ka rongoa e ngā ngahere te wai, ā, ka tukuna mārire, ka āwhina hoki rātou ki te ārai i te tauraki i te wā maroke.
He mea tino nui tēnei pumau i ngā rohe pārūrū e pāngia ana e ngā piki me ngā heke o te ua. Hei tauira, i Initonīhia, ka whakaitihia e ngā ngahere pārūrū hauora te mōrearea o te waipuke i te wā ua, ā, ka pupuri i te rere o te awa kia pumau i te wā maroke.
4. Pānga ki te Āhuarangi ā-Rohe me te Ao Whānui
He mahi tā ngā ngahere pārūrū ki te whakahaere i te āhuarangi ā-rohe me te ao whānui, ā, ka pā tēnei ki te huringa wai.
– Ka āwhina ngā otaota ngahere ki te whakahaere i ngā pāmahana o te rohe mā te mimiti me te tuku i te wera mā roto i ngā tukanga o te mimiti me te mimiti.
– Hei tāpiri, ka āwhina te waro e mimitihia ana e ngā ngahere ki te whakaiti i ngā hau kati kōtuhi i te āhuarangi, e pā ana ki te āhuarangi me ngā tauira huarere o te ao.
He mea nui te pumau o te āhuarangi o te ao mō te huringa wai pumau. He mahi nui tā ngā ngahere pārūrū pērā i te Amazon, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko ngā "pūkahukahu o te ao", ki te pupuri i te taurite o te āhuarangi o te ao, me te āwhina ki te pupuri i ngā āhuatanga e tika ana mō te pumau me te matapae i te huringa wai.
5. Te Pānga o te Whakangaromanga Ngāhere ki te Huringa Wai
Ko te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere tētahi o ngā tūmomo mōrearea nui rawa atu ki te huringa wai i ngā rohe pārūrū. Ina tuaina, ina pakaru rānei ngā ngahere pārūrū, ka heke, ka ngaro katoa rānei tō rātou kaha ki te mahi i ngā mahi kua whakahuatia ake nei.
– Ko te ngaronga o te mimiti he iti ake te mamaoa wai e tukuna ana ki te āhuarangi, ā, ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te ua i te rohe.
– Ka piki ake te horo o te oneone nā te mea kua kore he hanganga ngahere hei pupuri i te wai ua, ā, ka ngaro te oneone momona me te parahanga o ngā awa.
– Te whakararuraru i te rokiroki me te tukunga wai, ka nui ake ai ngā waipuke i te wā ua, me ngā tauraki kino rawa atu i te wā maroke.
Hei tauira, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mā te whakangaromanga nui o ngā ngahere i te Amazon ka taea te whakaiti i te ua, ehara i te mea i roto i te rohe anake engari i ngā wāhi tawhiti atu hoki, ka pā ki te ahuwhenua, ki ngā puna wai, me ētahi atu pūnaha rauropi.
6. Ngā Mahi Tiaki me te Whakaora
Hei pupuri i te huringa wai hauora i ngā rohe pārūrū, he mea nui ngā mahi tiaki me te whakaora i ngā ngahere.
– Ko te tiaki i ngā ngahere tūturu tētahi o ngā huarahi tino whai hua hei whakarite kia haere tonu ngā mahi a ngā ngahere i roto i ō rātou pūnaha rauropi. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tiaki i te mahi rākau turekore, te mahi ahuwhenua nekeneke, me te whakawhanaketanga hanganga whakangaro.
– Kei roto hoki i te whakaora ngahere te whakato anō i ngā rākau me te whakatika i ngā pūnaha rauropi kua pakaru. Ko te whāinga o te whakaora ko te whakahoki i te mahi nui a ngā ngahere i roto i te huringa wai.
– He mea nui anō hoki te whakahaere pumau o ngā rauemi ngahere e ngā hapori o te rohe, he maha hoki ngā wā kei a rātou ngā mātauranga tuku iho whai hua. Ehara i te mea ka tiaki noa i ngā ngahere engari ka whakamanahia hoki ngā hapori o te rohe, ka whakapai ake hoki i tō rātou oranga.
7. Te Mahi Tahi ā-Ao mō te Tiaki Ngāherehere
Me mahi tahi te ao whānui ki te tiaki i ngā ngahere pārūrū. Me mahi tahi ngā whakahaere o te ao, ngā kāwanatanga, ngā umanga rangahau, ngā NGO, me ngā hapori ki te whakawhanake i ngā kaupapa here me ngā mahi whai hua. Ko te putea mō ngā kaupapa tiaki taiao, te rangahau mō ngā tikanga ahuwhenua tauwhiro, me te tautoko i te whakahaere ngahere e ngā hapori taketake he torutoru noa iho o ngā mahi ka taea te mahi.
Whakamutunga
He mea nui te mahi a ngā ngahere pārūrū i roto i te huringa wai, ā-rohe, ā-ao hoki. Ka whai pānga rātou ki te nui me te tohatoha o te ua, ka rongoa me te tuku wai, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā waipuke me ngā tauraki, ā, ka āwhina ki te pupuri i te taurite o te āhuarangi. Ko te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere me te whakaiti i te kounga o te ngahere e whakararu ana i ēnei mahi nui, ā, nō reira, ko te oranga tonutanga o te tangata me ētahi atu pūnaha rauropi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wai. Nō reira, me noho ko ngā mahi tiaki me te whakaora o ngā ngahere pārūrū hei kaupapa matua o te ao. Mā te mahi tahi, ka taea e tātou te whakarite kia mau tonu te mahi nui a ngā ngahere pārūrū ki te pupuri i te huringa wai hauora me te pumau.
