Te Tātaritanga o te Pūmanawa Tukanga i roto i te Whakaputa
Ko te tukanga whakaputa te ngākau o te umanga hanga. Me tutuki i ia hua e puta mai ana i te raina whakaputa ētahi paerewa kounga kia whakaaetia ai i te mākete. Nō reira, he mea nui kia whakarite ngā kamupene kia pai te haere o te tukanga whakaputa me te pumau. Ko tētahi huarahi hei whakarite i tēnei ko te whakahaere i tētahi tātaritanga āheinga tukanga. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te tātaritanga āheinga tukanga, tōna hiranga i roto i te whakaputa, ngā tikanga i whakamahia, me ngā tauira o tōna whakamahinga i roto i te umanga.
Te Mārama ki te Pūmanawa Tukanga
Ko te āheinga tukanga he mehua mō te pai o te mahi a te tukanga ki te whakaputa i tētahi hua e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga kua whakaritea. Ka ine i te rerekētanga e puta ana i roto i te tukanga, ā, ka whakatauritea ki ngā rohe whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana. I roto i te hangarau, ka taea te whakaatu i te āheinga tukanga mā roto i ētahi taupū, pērā i te Cp, Cpk, Ppk, me te Ppk.
– Cp (Taupū Āheinga Tukanga): Aromatawai i te āheinga tukanga mā te titiro ki te tohatoha o ngā raraunga whakaputa me te kore e whai whakaaro ki te tūranga toharite o ngā raraunga ki ngā whakatakotoranga.
– Cpk (Taurangi Mahi Āheinga Tukanga): Ka ine i te āheinga mā te whakaaro ki tōna tūranga ki ngā rohe whakatakotoranga. He pono ake te Cpk nā te mea ka whakaarohia ngā rerekētanga o te tukanga me te tūranga toharite o ngā raraunga ki ngā whakatakotoranga.
– Pp (Taupū Mahi Tukanga) me Ppk (Taupū Kaha Mahi Tukanga): E ine ana i te mahi roa o te tukanga, he rite ki te Cp me te Cpk engari mō te wā roa ake.
Te Hiranga o te Tātari Pūmanawa Tukanga i roto i te Whakaputa
1. Whakatutuki i ngā Paerewa Kounga:
Mā te tātari i te kaha o te tukanga ka āwhina i ngā kamupene ki te whakarite kia tutuki ngā hua e whakaputaina ana i ngā whakaritenga kounga kua whakaritea. He mea nui tēnei hei pupuri i te pai o te kiritaki me te ingoa o te kamupene.
2. Te Whai Hua o te Utu:
Mā te mārama ki ngā āheinga tukanga, ka taea e ngā kamupene te tautuhi i ngā wāhi hei whakapai ake, me te whakaiti i te maha o ngā hua hapa. Ka taea e tēnei te penapena i ngā utu whakaputa me te whakaiti i ngā utu e pā ana ki ngā hua hapa, pērā i te whakaputanga anō, te whakahokinga mai rānei a te kiritaki.
3. Whakapai ake i te Tukanga:
Mā te tātari kaha tukanga ka whakaratohia he raraunga ka taea te whakamahi mō te Whakapai Tonu. Ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakamahi i ēnei raraunga hei whakahaere tātaritanga hōhonu me te tautuhi i ngā take o te rerekētanga o ngā tukanga, kia taea ai e rātou te mahi i ngā mahi whakatika e tika ana.
Tikanga Tātari Pūmanawa Tukanga
Hei whakahaere i tētahi tātaritanga kaha tukanga, ka whakamahia ngā taputapu me ngā tikanga tatauranga motuhake. Ko ngā mahi whānui e whai ake nei mō te whakahaere i tētahi tātaritanga kaha tukanga:
1. Te Kohikohi Raraunga:
Ka kohia ngā raraunga mai i ngā putanga o te tukanga whakaputa. Kei roto i ēnei raraunga ngā ine, te taumaha, te rōrahi, me ētahi atu āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā whakatakotoranga hua.
2. Tātaritanga Tohatoha Raraunga:
Ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te tātari i te tohatoha raraunga. He mea nui tēnei kia mōhio ai he ōrite te raraunga (he ōrite te tohatoha) he ōrite rānei te ōrite. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā histogram me ngā whakamātautau ōrite i tēnei wāhanga.
3. Te Tātaitanga o te Taupū Āheinga:
I muri i te whakaū i te tohatoha raraunga, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te tatau i ngā tohu āheinga tukanga pēnei i te Cp, Cpk, Pp, me te Ppk. He rerekē ngā tātai e whakamahia ana hei tatau i ia tohu, ā, he rerekē ngā pānga ki te whakamārama i te āheinga tukanga.
4. Te Whakamārama i ngā Hua:
Me whakamārama ngā hua o ngā tataunga taupū āheinga. Hei tauira, ko te uara Cp, Cpk rānei nui atu i te 1.33 e tohu ana he pai te āheinga o te tukanga, ā, e āhei ana ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga kounga. Ko te uara i runga ake i te 2.0 e tohu ana i te āheinga tino pai. I tetahi atu taha, ko te uara i raro iho i te 1.0 e tohu ana kāore e taea e te tukanga te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga.
5. Te Whakatinanatanga o ngā Whakapainga:
I runga i te whakamāramatanga o ngā hua, ka taea e te kamupene te mahi i ngā mahi whakatika mēnā e tika ana. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā tūtohi Pareto, ngā tūtohi wheua ika, me te FMEA (Rahunga Aratau me ngā Pānga Tātari) hei tautuhi me te whakatinana i ngā whakapainga tukanga.
Ngā Tauira o te Taupānga Tātari Āheinga Tukanga
Hei tauira, me titiro tātou ki te whakamahinga o te tātaritanga kaha tukanga i roto i te umanga motuka. He mea nui te tika me te pūmau i roto i tēnei umanga. Hei tauira, ko tētahi o ngā wāhanga nui o te miihini ko te piston. Me hanga ngā piston ki ngā taunga tino pakari kia pai ai te mahi a te miihini.
1. Te Kohikohi Raraunga:
Ka tangohia ngā raraunga mai i te tukanga whakaputa piston. Ka tangohia ngā inenga o te diameter piston, me ngā whakatakotoranga paerewa, hei tauira, 50.0 mm ± 0.1 mm.
2. Tātaritanga Tohatoha Raraunga:
I tātarihia ngā raraunga ine mā te whakamahi i tētahi histogram hei aromatawai i te tohatoha. I whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau ōritetanga (hei tauira, mā te whakamahi i te whakamātautau Kolmogorov-Smirnov) hei whakarite kia ōrite te tohatoha o ngā raraunga.
3. Te Tātaitanga o te Taupū Āheinga:
Me kī i muri i te tātaritanga, ko te uara toharite (toharite) he 50.02 mm, ā, ko te paerewa rerekētanga (σ) he 0.03 mm. I runga i te tātai Cp = (USL – LSL) / 6σ, ko te USL (Tepe Whakatakotoranga Runga) = 50.1 mm, ā, ko te LSL (Tepe Whakatakotoranga Raro) = 49.9 mm. Kātahi ko Cp = (50.1 – 49.9) / (6 0.03) = 0.2 / 0.18 = 1.11. Nā te mea ko te uara Cp <1.33, e tohu ana tēnei me whakapai ake te tukanga. 4. Te Whakatinanatanga o ngā Whakapainga: Ka taea e ngā kamupene te aromatawai i ngā mahi tukanga hei whakaiti i te rerekētanga. Hei tauira, te whakapai ake i te whakatikatika taputapu, te whakahaere whakangungu kaiwhakahaere, te whakapai ake rānei i ngā tikanga whakamātautau. Whakamutunga He taputapu nui te tātaritanga āheinga tukanga i roto i te umanga hangahanga e āwhina ana ki te whakarite kia tutuki i te hua ka puta ngā paerewa kounga kua whakatūria. Mā te whakahaere i tēnei tātaritanga, ka taea e ngā kamupene te tautuhi i ngā rerekētanga o te tukanga, te tatau i te taupū āheinga, me te mahi i ngā whakapainga e tika ana. Ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te hua anake tēnei, engari ka penapena hoki i ngā utu, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te pai o te kiritaki. Nō reira, me whakauru e ia kamupene hanga te tātaritanga kaha tukanga hei wāhanga nui o tā rātou rautaki whakaputa.
