Te Whakatipu i ngā Tipu Whakapaipai, ngā Putiputi Frangipani
E mōhiotia ana te frangipani (Plumeria) hei tipu whakapaipai me tōna ataahua motuhake: he ngawari te tae, he kakara, ā, he ātaahua te āhua o ngā putiputi. I Indonesia, he maha ngā wā ka kitea te frangipani i ngā kāinga, i ngā papa o te tāone, tae atu ki ngā urupā, engari he nui te kaha o tēnei tipu hei whakatipu nui hei tipu whakapaipai me te uara ōhanga. Haunga te ngāwari ki te tiaki, he ātete hoki te frangipani ki te wera, kāore e hiahiatia he momo whakatipu, ā, he ngāwari te whakatipu. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te whakatipu i ngā tipu frangipani whakapaipai, mai i te whakarite ki te tiaki kia tupu pai ai, kia puāwai ai i ia wā.
Te Mōhio ki te Tipu Frangipani
Nō te puninga Plumeria te Plumeria, he tipu toropika e pai ake ana ki te rā katoa. Kei roto i ngā momo ko ngā plumeria mā, kōwhai, me te māwhero ki ngā rau whero pouri me ngā rau whai kōwhai. He nui ngā take o ētahi plumeria pērā i ngā rākau iti, ko ētahi he pai mō ngā kohua, mō ngā bonsai rānei. He mā te wai pīpiri o ngā plumeria; ka taea e tēnei wai te whakararuraru i te kiri tairongo, nō reira me tūpato i te wā e tapatapahi ana, e tango ana rānei i ngā tapahi.
Ko tētahi o ngā painga o te frangipani ko tōna kaha ki te puāwai anō, inā koa he pai ngā āhuatanga o te mārama, ngā matūkai, me ngā mea ora. I ngā rohe pārūrū, ka taea e te frangipani te puāwai tata ki te tau katoa, ahakoa ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta te puāwaitanga i te wā maroke i te wā e tino puāwai ana te rā.
Ngā Āhuatanga Tipu Pai
Ka angitu ake te whakatipu frangipani mēnā ka mārama tātou ki ngā āhuatanga whakatipu pai rawa atu:
1. Mārama: Me whiwhi te tipu Frangipani i te iti rawa o te 6 hāora o te rā tika. Mēnā he nui ake te māramatanga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te pua.
2. Pāmahana: Ka tino pai te tipu i ngā pāmahana mahana o te 20–35°C. Kāore tēnei tipu e pai ki ngā pāmahana tino makariri.
3. Papa whakatō: He pai ake ki te papa whakatō tere-wai, he pai ki te papa whakatō, engari he iti te makuku. Mēnā he makuku rawa te papa whakatō, ka pirau pea ngā pakiaka.
4. Teitei: Ka taea te tupu i ngā teitei iti ki waenga. I ngā wāhi tino makariri, ka puhoi ake pea te tipu.
Te Whakarite i te Pātaka Whakatō
He mea nui te whakamahi i tētahi oneone whakato pai hei ārai i te pirau ngāwari o te pūriria, hei whakarite hoki i te whanaketanga pai o ngā pakiaka. Mō ngā tipu i roto i ngā kohua, whakamahia he ranunga mahorahora, tere te mimiti, hei tauira:
– 40% whenua māra
– 30% onepū matotoru, kiri raihi rānei kua tahuna
– 20% te wairākau kua pakeke
– 10% kokopi, humus rānei (whiringa kore)
Tāpirihia he iti o te dolomite mēnā he waikawa rawa te oneone, ā, kia tika hoki ngā kōhao waikeri o te kohua. Mō te whakato tika ki te whenua, whakapaitia te hanganga o te oneone mā te tāpiri i te onepu me te wairākau ki te kōhao whakato kia kore ai e tino paru.
Me pēhea te whakatipu i te frangipani
He maha ngā tikanga e taea ai te whakatipu i te frangipani, engari ko te mea tino noa ko te tapahi kakau. He tere, he māmā hoki tēnei tikanga, ā, he rite tonu ngā hua ki te tipu matua.
1. Ngā Tapahi Kākano
Ngā taahiraa mō ngā tapahi pai:
1. Kōwhiria he kākano hauora, he rakau, ā, he nui te whānui (kia rite te rahi ki te koromatua).
2. Tapahia kia 20–40 cm te roa mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu koi, ma.
3. Tukua kia maroke ngā tapahi i te hau mō ngā rā 3–7 kia maroke rā anō te patunga i tapahia (te kiripaka). He mea nui tēnei hei ārai i te pirau.
4. Whakatōkia ngā haea ki roto i tētahi oneone pūwero. Whakatōkia kia 5–10 henemita te hohonu.
5. Whakamakukuhia kia iti. I te wā tuatahi e whakatō ana, kaua e whakamakuku pinepine rawa, nā te mea kāore anō kia puta ngā pakiaka.
6. Whakatakotoria ki tētahi wāhi mārama, kia āta whiti te rā ki raro. I muri i ngā wiki e 2–4, ka puta ngā tohu o te tipu.
Ko te tikanga, ka tere ake te puāwai o ngā haea purūmeria i ngā tipu mai i ngā kākano, nā te mea i ahu mai i ngā wāhanga o ngā tipu pakeke.
2. Ngā purapura
Ka roa ake te whakatipu mai i ngā purapura, ā, ka rerekē pea ngā hua. Heoi, he mea ātaahua tēnei tikanga ki ngā kaikohi e rapu ana i ngā momo hou, i ngā tae ahurei rānei. Ka whakatōkia ngā purapura ki roto i tētahi oneone pai (te pīni kokonati me te onepu pai), ka puritia kia makuku, ā, me tino tiaki kia rite rā anō ngā tipu hei whakatō.
3. Te honohono
He maha ngā tikanga honohono e whakamahia ana hei whakatipu i ngā momo pai ake, hei hanga rānei i tētahi rākau kotahi me ngā tae putiputi maha. Me nui ake te pūkenga e hiahiatia ana mō tēnei, engari he nui te uara mākete.
Ngā Tikanga Whakatō
Kia rite ngā haea, kia kaha rānei ngā tipu, whakatōkia kia tika:
1. Kōwhiringa kohua: He pai ake ngā kohua uku nā te mea he pūwero, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te makuku nui. Me whakarite te rahi o te kohua kia rite ki te rahi o te tipu.
2. Waikeri: Whakatakotoria ngā pereki tuanui pakaru, ngā kōhatu iti rānei ki raro i te kohua hei ārai i te pupū o te wai.
3. Te tūnga whakatō: Me whakarite kia tika, kia mau hoki te kakau. Ka taea te tautoko mā te pou rangitahi.
4. Te whakamakuku tuatahi: Whakamakuku mārietia i muri i te whakatō, kātahi ka whakahokia ina tata maroke te oneone.
Ki te whakatō ki te whenua, hangaia he poka whakatō kia nui (kia 40×40×40 cm te iti rawa), whakakīia ki te ranunga o te oneone paru me te wairākau kua pakari, kātahi ka whakatō ki tētahi wāhi kāore e waipuketia i te ua.
Te Tiaki Auau
Te whakamakuku
He tipu ātete ki te tauraki te Plumeria. Ko te mea pai, me whakamakuku i te wā maroke o te oneone, inā koa mō ngā tipu i roto i ngā kohua. I te wā ua, ka taea te whakaiti i te auau o te whakamakuku, nā te mea ka nui ake te haumākū ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te pirau o ngā pakiaka.
Whakatō
Mā te whakawairakau ka āwhina i ngā tipu kia ora, kia whakaoho hoki i te pua. Ngā tauira whakawairakau whānui:
– Tongi taketake: Whakatōngia te wairākau, te wairākau pakari rānei i ia 1–2 marama (mō ngā kohua, whakamahia he iti kia kore ai e kikī).
– Tongi NPK: Whakaratohia he NPK taurite i te wā tipu (hei tauira, 16-16-16) me te horopeta māmā.
– He tongi he nui te whākōkī me te pāhare pākawa: Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakaoho i ngā pua, whakamahia he tongi he nui ake te P me te K (hei tauira, 10-30-20, he rite rānei) e ai ki ngā taunakitanga i runga i te takai.
Kaua e nui rawa te whakamomona i te mea ka matotoru rawa ngā rau engari ka iti haere ngā pua, ka "wera" rānei ngā pakiaka.
Te tapahi
Mā te tapahi ka hanga te karauna, ka whakaoho i ngā manga hou, ka whakanui ake hoki i te maha o ngā puku putiputi. Tapatapahia ngā pito o ngā manga i muri i te mutunga o te pua, i te tīmatanga rānei o te wā tipu. Ki te nui ake ngā manga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te taupua putiputi.
Mauria he karapu i te wā e tapatapahi ana i ngā rau, nā te mea ka piri, ka whakapataritari hoki te wai o te plumeria.
Te Whakakapinga Pāpāho me te Whakatō Ipu
Mō te plumeria i roto i te kohua, whakakapia te ranunga kohua, i te kohua hou rānei i ia tau 1–2. Ko ngā tohu e hiahia ana te tipu ki te kohua hou ko te kapi o ngā pakiaka i te kohua, te puhoi o te tipu, te matotoru rawa rānei o te ranunga kohua. I te wā e whakato ana, tirohia mēnā he pirau pakiaka, ka tapahia ngā wāhanga kua pakaru.
Ngā mate me ngā pepeke e puta pinepine ana
Ko ētahi o ngā arai ki te whakatipu frangipani ko:
1. Ngā pepeke me ngā aphid: Ka mimiti i ngā wai o ngā tipu, ka piko ai ngā rau. Hei rongoā mā te rehu ki te wai hopi ngawari, ki te patu pepeke rānei, kātahi ka mahi anō i ia wā, i ia wā.
2. Ngā mite: Ka puta he rau mangu, he iraira. Whakapai ake i te haumākū, ā, rehuhia ki te acaricide mēnā e tika ana.
3. Te harore me te pirau o te kakau/pakiaka: Ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i te makuku rawa o te oneone, i te ngoikore rānei o te rerenga wai. Ko te otinga matua ko te whakapai ake i te oneone, te whakaiti i te whakainu, me te tapahi i ngā wāhanga pirau.
4. Anuhe rau: Ka kai i ngā rau taitamariki. Ka taea te tango ā-ringa, mā te patupatu rānei e hiahiatia.
Ko te ārai pai ko te tohanga pai o te hau, te nui o te rā, te wāhi whakato ma, me te wāhi whakato ma.
Ngā tohutohu mō te whakatipu i tō Frangipani kia puāwai pinepine
Hei tere ake, hei auau ake hoki te pua o te frangipani, whakamahia ētahi rautaki:
– Whakatakotoria ki tētahi wāhi e whiti katoa ana te rā.
– Whakamahia ngā kohua me ngā mea hei mimiti tere i te wai.
– Kaua e whakamakuku pinepine.
– Tapatapahia kia āta whakamaheretia hei whakanui ake i ngā manga hua.
– Whakaratohia he tongi hei tautoko i te pua (he nui ake te P me te K) i ngā horopeta e tika ana.
– Kaua e nui rawa te hauota, ka momona ai ngā rau engari ka iti ngā pua.
Ngā Huarahi Pakihi Whakatipu Frangipani
He huarahi pakihi anō hoki te whakatipu frangipani, inā koa mō ngā momo ahurei, bonsai frangipani, ngā frangipani maha-tae rānei kua honoa. Ka piki ake te utu hoko mēnā he ātaahua te āhua o te tipu, he putiputi ina hokona, ā, ka whakatōkia ki roto i tētahi kohua ataahua. Ka taea te hokohoko mā roto i ngā mākete tipu whakapaipai, pāpāho pāpori, ngā mākete rānei. Ko ngā kī ki te angitu ko te tiaki tonu, te kohinga o ngā momo rongonui, me te kaha ki te tākai i te hua kia hanga he āhua papai.
Te Katinga
He tino māmā te whakatipu i te putiputi frangipani whakapaipai, ahakoa mō te hunga tīmata. Ko te mea nui ko te mārama ki ngā hiahia matua o te frangipani: te nui o te rā, te oneone e pupū ana, me te whakainu taurite. Mēnā he tika te tiaki—te whakatōkia taurite, te tapahi auau, me te whakahaere i ngā pepeke me ngā mate—ka taea e te frangipani te tupu hauora, te manga ataahua, me te whakaputa puawai kakara puta noa i te wā. Ahakoa hei whakapaipai i te māra, hei taonga hokohoko rānei, he tipu whakapaipai ataahua, he pakari, he tino utu nui hoki te frangipani.
