Te Tūranga o te Whenua i roto i te Whakamahere ā-Rohe
Ko te whakamahere ā-rohe te tukanga hoahoa i te whakamahinga ā-wāhi kia taea ai e tētahi rohe te whakawhanake i roto i te huarahi whai tikanga, whai hua, me te pumau. He maha ngā whakaaro e pā ana ki tēnei: te ōhanga, te pāpori, te ahurea, te tōrangapū, me te taiao. Heoi, ko tētahi o ngā tūāpapa tino nui, ko te tīmatanga mō te whakamahere, ko te whenua. Ehara i te mea ko te ako noa i ngā mapi, i ngā ingoa wāhi rānei te whenua, engari ko te ako i ngā whanaungatanga tauutuutu i waenga i te tangata me tō rātou taiao i roto i tētahi wāhi. Nā te mea ko te whakamahere ā-rohe te mea nui hei whakahaere i te wāhi me ngā mahi i roto, he tūranga matua te whenua—hei puna raraunga, hei huarahi whakaaro, hei taputapu tātari hoki.
Te whenua hei pūtake mō te mārama ki te āhua o te rohe
He āhuatanga motuhake tō ia rohe. Kei reira ngā wāhi maunga e pāngia ana e te horo whenua, ngā whenua papaku e pāngia ana e te waipuke, ngā takutai moana e mōrearea ana i te mimiti me te pikinga o te taumata o te moana, tae atu ki ngā rohe karst he iti noa te wai mata. Mā te whenua ka taea te tautuhi me te whakamārama i ēnei āhuatanga ā-tinana mā roto i ngā rangahau mō te āhua whenua, te whenua, te āhuarangi, te wai, ngā momo oneone, me te uhi whenua. Mā ēnei mōhiohio ka whakatauhia ko ēhea ngā wāhi e haumaru ana mō ngā nohoanga, ā, ko ēhea hoki e pai ake ana mō te ahuwhenua, ngā wāhi tiaki taiao, ngā ahumahi, ngā hanganga rautaki rānei.
Hei tauira, mā te hanga i ngā kāinga noho kikī i ngā pari pari, me te kore e whai whakaaro ki te pumau o te oneone, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te horo whenua. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi huarahi matawhenua, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahere te whakatū i ngā rohe tiaki, te whakawhāiti i te kiato o ngā whare, me te whakatenatena i ngā whakamahinga whenua tika pērā i ngā ngahere tiaki, i ngā mahi ahuwhenua rānei.
Tātari ā-wāhi: te tirotiro i ngā tauira me ngā whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā rohe
Ko te tino takoha a te whenua ko te tātari ā-wāhi. Ehara i te mea ka aromatawaihia e te whakamahere ā-rohe tētahi wāhi anake, engari ka tirohia hoki ngā whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā wāhi: ngā whatunga rori, te urunga ki te mākete, te tawhiti ki ngā pokapū hauora, te tohatoha kura, ngā wāhi e pāngia ana e ngā āhuatanga kino, me ngā pokapū tipu ōhanga. Mā te whenua ka taea te whakaaro mō ngā tauira tohatoha, ngā taunekeneke ā-wāhi (te nekenekehanga tangata/taonga), me te urunga atu.
Mā tēnei tātaritanga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahere te whakatau i ngā wāhi tika ake, whai hua ake hoki mō ngā whare tūmatanui. Hei tauira, ko te whakatau i te wāhi o tētahi hōhipera ā-rohe ehara i te mea ko te whenua anake te pūtake; me whai whakaaro hoki ki te kapinga ratonga, te roa o te haere, te taupori, me te āhua o te whatunga kawe waka. Nō reira, ka āwhina te whenua ki te whakarato whakamahere i runga i ngā hiahia tūturu, kaua ko ngā whakaaro whakahaere anake.
Ko te Mahere me ngā Pūnaha Mōhiohio Matawhenua (GIS) hei taputapu matua
Kei te kaha haere te mahi a te whenua nā ngā whanaketanga o te hangarau mahere whenua me ngā Pūnaha Mōhiohio Whenua (GIS). Mā te GIS ka taea te tukatuka raraunga whakauru e hangai ana ki te tauwāhi: ka taea te whakakotahi i ngā raraunga mō te taupori, ngā hanganga, te pikinga pari, te taupoki tipu, ngā wāhi e pāngia ana e te waipuke, me ētahi atu mea hei whakaputa i ngā taunakitanga kaupapa here ā-wāhi.
I roto i ngā mahi whakamahere ā-rohe, ka whakamahia te GIS mō:
1. Te whakarite i te whakamahere ā-wāhi: te whakatau i te rohenga whenua o ngā wāhi ahuwhenua me ngā wāhi tiaki.
2. Te whakatauira i ngā mōrearea ā-pāwera: te mahere i ngā rohe e pāngia ana e te waipuke/horo whenua/āniwaniwa me ngā ara whakawātea.
3. Te tātari i ngā panonitanga o te uhi whenua: te aroturuki i te hurihanga o te whenua ahuwhenua hei wāhi noho, hei wāhi ahumahi rānei.
4. Te arotau i ngā whatunga kawe waka: te hoahoa i ngā huarahi rori, te kawe waka a te iwi, me te whakaurunga o ngā momo waka.
Mā te GIS, ka mārama ake, ka taea hoki te whakamātautau i ngā whakamahere, nā te mea ka tautokona ngā whakataunga e ngā mapi me ngā raraunga ka taea te manatoko.
Te whenua i roto i te whakahaere rauemi taiao
Ka whakawhirinaki ngā wāhi noho ki ngā rauemi taiao: te whenua, te wai, ngā ngahere, ngā kohuke, me te kanorau koiora. He mahi nui tā te whenua ki te aromatawai i te wātea, te tohatoha, me te kaha kawe o te taiao. Ko te kaha kawe ko te kaha o te taiao ki te tautoko i ngā mahi a te tangata me te kore e pakaru.
I roto i te whakamahere ā-rohe, he mea nui ngā ariā o te kaha kawe me te kaha kawe. Hei tauira, me whakahaere e ngā wāhi he iti ngā rauemi wai te tipu o ngā tāone me ngā ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te nui o te hiahia wai. Me tiaki ngā wāhi hopu wai hei ārai i ngā raruraru wai me te waipuke i raro i te wai. Mā te whakamahi i te huarahi whenua, ka taea e te whakamahere te whakataurite i ngā hiahia whanaketanga me ngā rauemi taiao, kia kore ai te whanaketanga e "whakaheke wai" engari e "whakahaere".
Te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino me te urutau ki ngā huringa āhuarangi
He whenua tino pāngia e ngā āhuatanga kino a Initonīhia: ngā rū whenua, ngā tsunami, ngā puia, ngā waipuke, ngā tauraki, me ngā horo whenua. Mā te whenua ka mārama ki ngā tukanga taiao me ngā ngoikoretanga o te rohe. Mā te whakamahere rohe e kore e aro ki te mōrearea o te āhuatanga kino ka hua ake he whanaketanga ngoikore, ā, ka nui ngā mate.
Ko te tūranga o te whenua i roto i te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino ko:
– Te whakarōpūtanga o ngā rohe mōrearea: ka ārai, ka whakawhāiti rānei i ngā whanaketanga i roto i ngā rohe mōrearea nui.
– Te whakamahere huarahi whakawātea: te whakarerekē i te huarahi ki te āhua, te kiato, me te urunga atu ki ngā wāhi haumaru.
– Te whakatau i ngā paerewa hanga whare: te whakatikatika ki te mōrearea o ngā rū whenua, ngā waipuke, ngā hau kaha rānei.
– Te whakapakari i ngā pūnaha rauropi tiaki: pērā i ngā mangrove i te takutai hei whakaiti i te pānga o ngā ngaru me te pakū o te wai.
Haunga ngā āhuatanga kino, ka whakanui ake te huringa āhuarangi i ngā tūmomo mōrearea pēnei i te pikinga o te taumata moana, te huarere tino kino, me ngā huringa o ngā wā. Ka āwhina te whenua ki te mahere i ngā wāhi tino whakaraerae me te hoahoa i ngā rautaki urutau, pēnei i te nekehanga iti, te whakapakari i ngā pareparenga, te whakapai ake i ngā pūnaha waikeri, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā tauira ahuwhenua.
Te whenua tangata: te taupori, te ahurea, me te ōhanga
Ehara i te mea ko te taiao ā-tinana anake te take o te whakamahere ā-rohe, engari ko te tangata anō hoki hei kaiwhakaari me hei kaiwhiwhi o ngā pānga whanaketanga. Ka ako te whenua tangata i te tohatoha o te taupori, te hanganga taupori, te hekenga mai, ngā tauira nohoanga, ngā oranga, me te ahurea ā-rohe. Mā ēnei mōhiohio ka nui ake te pono me te tika o te whakamahere.
Hei tauira, me whai whakaaro ngā kaupapa whakawhanake tūruhi ki te kaha o te hapori ā-rohe, ngā uara ahurea, me ngā huringa pāpori ka puta. Me whai whakaaro te whakawhanaketanga o ngā rohe ahumahi ki te wātea o ngā kaimahi, te urunga atu ki ngā waka, te pānga o te noho tāone, me ngā hiahia whare. Mā te whenua ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā pokapū tipu me ngā rohe tuawhenua, kia kore ai ngā rautaki whakawhanake e aro nui ki te tāone kotahi engari e horahia kia rite ki te pūmanawa.
Te whakaiti i te kore taurite mā te huarahi ā-rohe
He maha ngā wā ka puta ake ngā rerekētanga ā-rohe i te kore taurite o te urunga atu ki ngā hanganga, ngā rerekētanga o te kounga o ngā ratonga tūmatanui, me te kukū ohaoha ki ētahi pokapū. Mā te whenua ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahere te tiro i ēnei rerekētanga ā-wāhi: ko ēhea ngā rohe e whakaroa ana, ko ēhea e huri hei pokapū ratonga, me pēhea te whakapai ake i te hononga.
Mā te tātari whatunga me te urunga atu, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahere te hoahoa i ngā rori hou, ngā tauranga, ngā waka a te iwi, me ngā pokapū ratonga hei whakapai ake i te hononga. Ka āwhina hoki te huarahi matawhenua ki te whakawhanake i te ariā o ngā rohe mahi, arā, ngā rohe e honoa ana e ngā mahi ōhanga me te nekenekehanga o ia rā, kaua ko ngā rohe whakahaere anake. Ko te mutunga mai he whakamahere e whakaata pai ake ana i ngā mea tūturu o te whenua.
Te turanga mō te whanaketanga tauwhiro
Hei whakamutunga, ko te tūranga o te whenua i roto i te whakamahere ā-rohe e ahu mai ana i te whāinga o te whanaketanga tauwhiro: te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o nāianei me te kore e whakararu i ngā āheinga o ngā whakatupuranga o muri mai. E ako ana te whenua i a tātou he iti te wāhi, he hononga ngā pūnaha rauropi, ā, he pānga tonu ngā mahi a te tangata. Nō reira, me whakatairanga te whakamahere i te whakaaro nui, te whai huatanga o te wāhi, te tiaki i ngā wāhi nui, me te whai wāhi a te hapori.
Ko te whakamahere ā-rohe e ahu mai ana i te whenua he mea pakari ake nā te mea e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā raraunga, ki ngā mapi, me te tātari i ngā whanaungatanga tangata-taiao. Ehara i te mea ko te "hanga i te nui e taea ana" anake te arotahi, engari ko te "hanga tika": i te wāhi tika, i te mahi tika, i te tauine tika, me te huarahi tika. Mā tēnei, ka taea e ngā rohe te whakawhanake haumaru, whai hua, me te pumau.
Te Katinga
He mea nui te mahi a te whenua i roto i te whakamahere ā-rohe, mai i te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te tukatuka raraunga ā-wāhi mā te GIS, te whakahaere i ngā rauemi taiao, te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino, me te mahere i ngā whanaketanga pāpori-ōhanga. Ki te kore he whenua, ka tūpono te whakamahere ki ngā whakataunga kāore e rite ki te āhua o te rohe, ā, ka taea te hanga raruraru hou pēnei i ngā āhuatanga kino, te kore taurite, me te kino ki te taiao. I tetahi atu taha, mā te whakamahi i te whenua hei tūāpapa, ka taea e te whakamahere ā-rohe te hua ake he whanaketanga whai take, tika, me te pumau mō te hapori.
