Te Ariā Pōka Noke me te Wāhi-ā-Wā
I roto i ngā tuhinga pūtaiao me ngā pakiwaitara pūtaiao, he ariā kua hopukina te hinengaro o te tangata e ngā poka noke. Ko te whakaaro ka taea te hono i ngā pūwāhi e rua i roto i te wā-ātea mā te ara huna, e taea ai te haere tere atu i te mārama, kua ara ake te whakapae mō te taea o te haere i waenga i ngā whetu me te haere i te wā. He nui te awe o te ariā whānui a Albert Einstein ki tō tātou māramatanga ki ngā poka noke, me ngā tauira ariā rerekē kua whakaarohia mai i taua wā.
He Kupu Whakataki ki te Ariā o te Pōka Noke
He otinga ariā te poka noke ki ngā whārite mara a Einstein i roto i te ariā whānui o te whanaungatanga. I te kī poto, ka taea te whakaaro ki te poka noke he "pōta poto" i roto i te wā-ā-wāhi e āhei ai ngā mea, ngā mōhiohio rānei ki te haere i waenga i ngā pūwāhi motuhake e rua kia tere ake i tā rātou haere i roto i te wā-ā-wāhi tikanga.
I roto i te pāngarau, i te tau 1935 i whakaarohia tuatahitia ai ngā poka noke e Albert Einstein rāua ko Nathan Rosen, nā rāua i tito te ariā o te "Pīriti Einstein-Rosen." I whakaahuahia e rāua te poka noke hei piriti e hono ana i ngā "whārangi" rerekē e rua o te wā-ā-wāhi. E rua ngā "waha" o ēnei poka noke, e hono ana ia ki tētahi wāhi rerekē i te wā-ā-wāhi, me tētahi "korokoro" e hono ana i ngā mea e rua.
Hanganga me te Pūmautanga o te Pōka Noke
Ko tētahi o ngā pātai nui mō ngā rua noke ko tōna pumau. Ka hinga wawe te rua noke kāore i te pumau i muri i te hanganga, ka aukati i ngā huarahi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, huarahi haere rānei e tukuna ana e ia. Ko te pātai mō te pumau e pā ana ki te momo matū, te pūngao rānei kei roto, kei te taha rānei o te rua noke.
E ai ki ngā tuhinga ahupūngao, me whai matū me ngā āhuatanga tauhou ngā poka noke. Ko ēnei āhuatanga tauhou e pā ana ki ngā matū he pūngao kino, he pēhanga tauhou rānei, he rerekē ki tā tātou e tūtaki ai i roto i te ahupūngao matarohia. Ka mahi tēnei matū tauhou hei ārai, e pupuri ana i te poka noke kia tuwhera, e ārai ana hoki i tōna hinganga. Ko tētahi momo matū tauhou e whakahuatia pinepinetia ana ko te pūngao kino i puta mai i te pānga Casimir. He āhuatanga tēnei pānga i roto i te ahupūngao matū e whakaputa ana i te pēhanga kino i runga i te tauine iti.
Ngā momo poka noke
E ai ki ō rātou hanganga me ngā āhuatanga, he maha ngā momo pūwero kua whakaarohia:
1. Te Pūkenga Noke Schwarzschild: Koinei pea te mea tino māmā rawa atu, e hono ana i ngā pūkenga pango e rua o Schwarzschild. Heoi, he kore pumau tēnei momo pūkenga noke nā te mea ka tere te mimiti i te hihi o Hawking, ā, ka tere te hinga.
2. Ngā Pōka Noke e Taea te Haere: Koinei te momo pōka noke e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te pūtaiao pakiwaitara, he rite ki te mea kei roto i te kiriata Interstellar. Hei haere haumaru, me whakamahi i ngā mea tauhou hei pupuri i te korokoro o te pōka noke kia tuwhera tonu.
3. Te Pūkenga Noke o Morris-Thorne: I whakauruhia mai e Michael Morris rāua ko Kip Thorne i te tau 1988, ko tēnei ariā he pūkenga noke pumau, ka taea e te tangata te whiti, me ngā mea tauhou i roto.
4. Ngā Pōka Noke Euclidean: He mea whakaaroaro, he mea ariā anō hoki tēnei momo, ā, me whai i ētahi atu āhuatanga anō kia puta ai, i runga i te ariā aho, i te ariā-M rānei.
Te Haerenga Wā me ngā Whakarerekētanga
Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino whakamīharo o ngā rua noke ko tōna kaha ki te haere i te wā. Mēnā kei te neke tetahi o ngā pūaha o te rua noke i ngā tere ōrite, i te tata rānei ki tētahi papa kaha rawa o te kaha, ka āta haere te wā mō taua pūaha ki te whakataurite ki ētahi atu, nā te pānga o te whānui o te wā. Mā tēnei, ka taea e te kaihaerere arorau te tomo ki te pūaha o te rua noke me te puta atu i te wā o mua, i te wā kei te heke mai rānei.
Heoi, mā te haereere wā ki mua ka puta ake ngā momo whakahē. Ko tētahi o ngā whakahē rongonui ko te whakahē koroua, arā, ka hoki whakamuri te kaihaereere wā ki te wā, ka patua tōna koroua i mua i tōna whānautanga, ka puta he whakahē take-me-pānga. He maha ngā tohunga ahupūngao e whakapono ana kāore pea ngā ture ahupūngao e mōhiotia ana e tātou i nāianei e whakaae ki tētahi whakaritenga pēnei.
Ngā Pānga ki te Ahupūngao Whetu me te Aromatawai
Mena kei te noho tonu ngā pūnga noke, ka nui ngā pānga ki te ahupūngao whetū me te ao tūroa. Ka taea e rātou te whakamārama i ētahi āhuatanga kāore anō kia whakamāramahia i tēnei wā, pērā i te hononga i waenga i ngā tupuni whetu, i ngā kitenga rerekē rānei i te taha o ngā pūnga pango. Ko ētahi whakapae ariā e whakaaro ana ko ngā pūnga noke he tauira tika mō te motuhaketanga kore e kitea i waenganui o te pūnga pango.
Hangarau Whakamātautau me ngā Here
Ahakoa te whānui o te ariā mō ngā rua noke, kāore e taea te whakamahi i te hangarau e hiahiatia ana hei kimi, hei waihanga rānei i aua mea i tēnei wā. He wero nui te waihanga, te whakahaere rānei i ngā mea tauhou e hiahiatia ana hei whakau i tētahi rua noke, me te kore e whakahua i te nui o te pūngao e hiahiatia ana.
Mā ngā whakamātautau pēnei i ngā inenga laser e aro ana ki te kimi i ngā ngaru ā-papa (pēnei i te LIGO) ka taea te whakarato taunakitanga ā-kore mō ngā poka noke mā te tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga e rite ana ki tō rātou noho. Heoi, tae noa ki taua wā, kei te noho tonu ngā poka noke hei wāhanga whakamīharo o te whakaaroaro pūtaiao.
Te Katinga
Mā te ariā o te rua noke ka puta he tirohanga hou ki te wāhi me te wā, ka taea ai e tātou te whakaaro ki te āheinga o te haereere i waenga i ngā whetu i ngā huarahi kāore anō kia whakaarohia. Ahakoa kāore anō kia whakamātauhia tō rātou noho, mā te kitenga o ngā mea tauhou, o te hangarau rānei e taea ai te whakahaere i aua mea ka taea te whakatuwhera i ngā tatau hou ki te tūhuratanga wāhi-wā. Nō reira, ko te rangahau me te whakapae mō ngā rua noke ehara i te mea ka whakawhānui noa i tō tātou māramatanga ki te ao whānui, engari ka whakaohooho anō hoki i ngā mahi pūtaiao me te hangarau.
Hei whakamutunga, ka werohia e ngā kōhao noke tō tātou māramatanga tuku iho mō te wā-ā-wāhi, ā, ka panaia ngā rohe o te whakaaro pūtaiao. Ahakoa kua whakamātauhia rātou he mea tūturu, kei te āwhina tonu tō rātou whakaaro i ngā kōrero whai kiko mō te āhua o tō tātou ao me te heke mai o te tūhuratanga tangata.
