Tauira o ngā Pātai Kōrero mō te Tohatoha o ngā Tipu me ngā Kararehe o te Ao e ai ki a Alfred Russel Wallace
He āhuatanga whakamīharo te horapa me te tohatoha o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe puta noa i te Ao, kua kukume i te aro o ngā kaipūtaiao mō ngā rautau. Ko tētahi o ngā tino tangata i whakawhanake i ngā ariā me ngā ariā nui i roto i tēnei mara ko Alfred Russel Wallace. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou tēnei ariā tohatoha, me ngā tauira raruraru me ngā kōrero, kia pai ake ai te mārama ki ngā takoha a Wallace ki te koiora whenua.
He Kupu Whakataki ki a Alfred Russel Wallace
He tohunga koiora, he kaihōpara hoki a Alfred Russel Wallace nō Ingarangi, e mōhiotia ana ko ia tētahi o ngā paionia o te ariā o te whanaketanga mā te kōwhiringa taiao, i te taha o Charles Darwin. Haunga te ariā o te whanaketanga, ko ngā takoha nui a Wallace ko te ao o te koiora whenua, i reira i whakawhanakehia ai e ia te ariā o te Rārangi Wallace, e wehewehe ana i ngā rohe matawhenua i runga i ō rātou tipu me ō rātou kararehe.
Raina Wallace me te Rohe Tohatoha
I tautuhia e Wallace tētahi rārangi pohewa, e mōhiotia ana ko te Rārangi Wallace, e wehe ana i ngā rohe whenua kararehe o Āhia me Ahitereiria. Ka haere tēnei rārangi i waenganui i ngā moutere o Bali me Lombok, ā, i waenganui hoki i Kalimantan me Sulawesi i Initonīhia. I whakaatuhia e ngā kitenga a Wallace ahakoa tō rātou tata, he tino rerekē ngā momo i ia taha o tēnei rārangi.
Te Rohe Whenua Koiora a Wallace
I wehea e Wallace te ao kia maha ngā rohe koiora-whenua i runga i ngā tauira tohatoha o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe. Ko ngā rohe tino rongonui ko te Neotropical, Afrotropical, Indomalayan, Palearctic, Nearctic, Australasian, me Oceanic. He āhuatanga motuhake tō ia rohe e pā ana ki ngā momo e noho ana i reira.
Ngā Tauira Pātai mō te Kōrero mō te Tohatoha o ngā Tipu me ngā Kararehe
Hei mārama ake ki te horapa o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe e ai ki a Wallace, me matapaki tātou i ngā tauira pātai e whai ake nei me ō rātou kōrero:
Pātai 1:
Whakamāramahia te pānga o te Rārangi Wallace ki te horapa o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe i Initonīhia!
Kōrero:
Ko te Rārangi Wallace he rohe whenua koiora e wehe ana i ngā momo Āhia me ngā momo Ahitereiria. I Initonīhia, ka rere tēnei rārangi i waenganui i ngā moutere o Bali me Lombok, me Kalimantan me Sulawesi. Nā te noho o tēnei rārangi, he rite ake ngā tipu me ngā kararehe o Bali ki ērā e kitea ana i Āhia, engari he awe nō Ahitereiria a Lombok. Nā ngā panonitanga o te whenua me ngā rohe moana i roto i ngā miriona tau kua pā ki ngā ara hekenga o ngā momo, ā, ahakoa te tata o ngā moutere, ka puta he rerekētanga whakamiharo.
Pātai 2:
Matapakihia te take i whiriwhiria ai e Wallace te rohe huri noa i a Initonīhia hei kaupapa matua mō āna rangahau mō te koiora whenua!
Kōrero:
Kei te tūtakitanga o ngā whenua e rua, arā, a Āhia me Ahitereiria a Initonīhia. Nā tēnei i tino pai ai a Initonīhia hei wāhi rangahau mā Wallace hei ako i te horapa me te whanaketanga o ngā momo. Nā tōna kanorau nui me ōna āhuatanga matawhenua ahurei i mārama ai a Wallace ki ngā rohe o ngā horapa o ngā momo. Hei tāpiri, nā te kanorau koiora tino pai o Initonīhia i tino hira ai hei taiwhanga taiao mō te ako i te koiora whanaketanga me te koiora whenua.
Pātai 3:
Homai he tauira o ngā momo i kitea i ngā taha e rua o te Rārangi Wallace, ā, he aha ngā pānga o ēnei ki te ariā o te whanaketanga?
Kōrero:
Ko tētahi tauira o ngā momo e kitea ana i ngā taha e rua o te Rārangi Wallace ko ngā momo manu me ngā momo pirimate. Hei tauira, kei te kitea te tarsier i Sulawei (ki te rawhiti o te Rārangi Wallace) engari kāore i Borneo. Ko tētahi atu tauira ko te tarakona Komodo, e kitea ana i Nusa Tenggara ki te Rawhiti (ki te rawhiti o te Rārangi Wallace) engari kāore i ngā moutere ki te hauauru o reira. Ko te noho o ēnei momo rerekē e tautoko ana i te ariā o te whanaketanga, e whakamārama ana i te rerekētanga o te whanaketanga o ngā momo i runga i te wehenga whenua me te urutau taiao. Mā ēnei rangahau ka āwhina i ngā kaipūtaiao ki te mārama ki ngā tikanga whanaketanga me te pānga o ngā taiao whenua rerekē ki ngā momo.
Whakamutunga
He nui ngā takoha a Alfred Russel Wallace ki te ao o te koiora whenua nā tana kitenga i te Rārangi Wallace me tana ariā mō te tohatoha o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe puta noa i te ao. Mā te mārama ki tana rohe koiora whenua, ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa i a tātou ki te mārama ki te tohatoha o ngā momo, engari ka whakarato hoki i te tirohanga hohonu ake ki ngā tukanga whanaketanga me te urutau taiao e hanga ana i te kanorau o te ora i runga i te Ao kia hihiri, kia ahurei hoki.
He mea nui te mārama ki te horapa o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe mō ngā mahi tiaki me te tiaki i te kanorau koiora. Mā te mārama ki te horapa me te urutau o ngā momo, ka taea e te tangata te mahi i ngā mahi tika hei tiaki i ngā nohonga tūturu me te pupuri i te taurite o ngā pūnaha rauropi o te ao.
E ngana ana tēnei tuhinga ki te whakarato i tētahi tirohanga whānui me te māramatanga tuatahi mō te horapa o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe e ai ki a Wallace, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā horopaki maha, i roto i te rangahau koiora, te tiaki taiao, me te mātauranga taiao.
