16 Ngā Tauira o ngā Mīhini Carnot – ngā mīhini wera pai (te whakamahinga o te ture tuarua o te thermodynamics)
1. Tirohia te kauwhata P-V o te miihini Carnot i te taha! Mena ko te wera i mimitia (Q1 ) = 10.000 joule, ko te nui o te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot ko…
A. 1.500 J 
B. 4.000 J
C. 5.000 J
D. 6.000 J
E. 8.000 J
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Pāmahana iti (T 2 ) = 400 K
Te pāmahana teitei (T 1 ) = 800 K
Te wera e mimitia ana (Q 1 ) = 10.000 Joules
E hiahiatia ana : Te mahi i hangaia e te miihini Carnot (W)
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o tētahi mīhini wera tino pai (mīhini Carnot):
Ngā mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot:
W = e Q 1
W = (1/2)(10.000) = 5000 Joule
Ko te whakautu tika ko C.
2. Tirohia te pikitia kei te taha! Ko te nui o te mahi e mahia ana e te miihini i roto i te huringa kotahi ko…
A. 300 J
B. 400 J
C. 500 J
D. 600 J
E. 700 J
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Pāmahana iti (TL ) = 400 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH ) = 600 K
Te wera e mimitia ana (Q 1 ) = 600 Joules
E hiahiatia ana : Te mahi i hangaia e te miihini Carnot (W)
Whakautu:
Te whai huatanga o tētahi mīhini wera tino pai (mīhini Carnot):
Ngā mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot:
W = e Q 1
W = (1/3)(600) = 200 Joule
Ko te whakautu tika ko E.
3. Tirohia te kauwhata huringa Carnot ABCDA i raro nei! I runga i ngā raraunga i roto i te kauwhata, ko te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot ko…
A. 10% 
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
E. 35%
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Pāmahana iti (TL ) = 350 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH ) = 500 K
Pātai : Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot (e)
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot:
e = (TH – TH ) / TH
e = (500 – 350) / 500
e = 150 / 500
e = 0,3
e = 30/100 = 30%
Ko te whakautu tika ko D.
4. I roto i te kauwhata PV e whai ake nei o te mīhini Carnot, ko te puna pāmahana teitei he 600 K, ā, ko te pāmahana iti he 400 K. Mena ko te mahi i mahia e te mīhini he W, ko te wera i tukuna i te pāmahana iti ko...
A. W
B. 2 W
C. 3 W
D. 4 W
E. 6 Uru
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Pāmahana iti (TL ) = 400 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH ) = 600 K
Pātai : Te wera i tukuna i te pāmahana iti (Q 2 )
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot :
e = (TH – TH ) / TH
e = (600 – 400) / 600
e = 200 / 600
e = 1/3
Te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot :
W = e Q 1
Whakaahuatanga: W = te mahi i mahia e te mīhini, e = te pai o te mahi a te mīhini, Q 1 = te wera i mimitia e te mīhini.
W = (1/3)(Q 1 )
3W = Q 1
Ka tukuna te wera i ngā pāmahana iti :
Q 2 = Q 1 – W
Q 2 = 3W – W
Q 2 = 2W
Ko te whakautu tika ko B.
5. Ko te kauwhata PV o te huringa Carnot he rite ki te ahua e whai ake nei. Mena ka tukuna he 3.000 Joule o te wera ki ngā taiao, ko te wera ka mimitihia e te pūnaha ko…
A. 3.000 J
B. 4.000 J
C. 4.800 J
D. 6.000 J
E. 8.000 J
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Pāmahana iti (TL ) = 500 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH ) = 800 K
Te wera i tukuna (Q 2 ) = 3000 Joules
Pātai : Te wera e mimitihia ana e te pūnaha ( P1 )
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot :
e = (TH – TH ) / TH
e = (800 – 500) /8600
e = 300 / 800
e = 3/8
Te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot :
W = e Q 1
W = (3/8)(Q 1 )
8W/3 = Q 1
Q 2 = Q 1 – W
Q 2 = 8W/3 – 3W/3
Q 2 = 5W/3
3Q 2 = 5W
W = 3Q 2/5 = 3(3000)/5 = 9000/5 = 1800
Te wera e mimitihia ana e te pūnaha :
Q 1 = W + Q 2 = 1800 + 3000 = 4800 Joule
Ko te whakautu tika ko C.
6. Ka whiwhi te miihini Carnot i te wera mai i tētahi puna wai wera-teitei i te 800 K, ā, he 50% te pai o te mahi. Hei whakatutuki i te 80% pai o te mahi, me te pupuri tonu i te pāmahana iti o te puna wai, me huri te puna wai wera-teitei ki….
A. 1.600 K
B. 2.000 K
C. 2.400 K
D. 4.000 K
E. 6.400 K
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Mena ko te pāmahana teitei (TH ) = 800 K, ko te whai huatanga (e) = 50% = 0,5
Pātai: He aha te pāmahana teitei rawa (TH ) kia 80% te whai huatanga (e) = 0,8
Whakautu:
Pāmahana iti = 400 Kelvin
He aha te pāmahana teitei (TH ) kia 80% te whai huatanga (e)?
Te pāmahana teitei = 2.000 Kelvin
Ko te whakautu tika ko B.
7. Ko te pai o te mahi a te miihini Carnot e mahi ana i runga i te puna wai pāmahana teitei i te 600 K he 40%. Hei whakatutuki i te pai o te mahi 75% me te noho pūmau o te puna wai pāmahana iti, me whakanui ake te puna wai pāmahana teitei ki….
A. 480 K
B. 840 K
C. 900 K
D. 1028 K
E. 1440 K
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Mena ko te pāmahana teitei (TH ) = 600 K, ko te whai huatanga (e) = 40% = 0,4
Pātai: He aha te pāmahana teitei rawa (TH ) kia 75% te whai huatanga (e) = 0,75
Whakautu:
Pāmahana iti = 360 Kelvin
He aha te pāmahana teitei (TH ) kia 75% te whai huatanga (e)?
Te pāmahana teitei = 1440 Kelvin
Ko te whakautu tika ko E.
8. Ka whiwhi te mīhini Carnot i te wera mai i tētahi puna wai wera-teitei i te 800 K, ā, he 50% te pai o te mahi. Hei whakatutuki i te 80% pai o te mahi, me te pupuri tonu i te pāmahana iti o te puna wai, me huri te puna wai wera-teitei ki….
A. 1.600 K
B. 2.000 K
C. 2.400 K
D. 4.000 K
E. 6.400 K
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Mena ko te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 800 K, ko te whai huatanga (e) = 50% = 0,5
Pātai: He aha te pāmahana teitei rawa (TH) kia 80% te whai huatanga (e) = 0,8
Whakautu:
Pāmahana iti = 400 Kelvin
He aha te pāmahana teitei (TH) kia rite ai te whai huatanga (e) ki te 80%?
Te pāmahana teitei = 2.000 Kelvin
Ko te whakautu tika ko B.
9. Ko te pai o te mahi a te miihini Carnot e mahi ana i runga i te puna wai pāmahana teitei i te 600 K he 40%. Hei whakatutuki i te pai o te mahi 75% me te noho pūmau o te puna wai pāmahana iti, me whakanui ake te puna wai pāmahana teitei ki….
A. 480 K
B. 840 K
C. 900 K
D. 1028 K
E. 1440 K
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Mena ko te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 600 K, ko te whai huatanga (e) = 40% = 0,4
Pātai: He aha te pāmahana teitei rawa (TH) kia 75% te whai huatanga (e) = 0,75
Whakautu:
Pāmahana iti = 360 Kelvin
He aha te pāmahana teitei (TH) kia rite ai te whai huatanga (e) ki te 75%?
Te pāmahana teitei = 1440 Kelvin
Ko te whakautu tika ko E.
10. Ko te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot e mimiti ana i te wera i te pāmahana o te 1200 Kelvin, ā, e whakakore ana i te wera i te pāmahana o te 300 Kelvin ko…
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 1200 K
Te pāmahana iti (TL) = 300 K
I pātaihia Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot (e)
Whakautu :
11. Ka mahi te mīhini Carnot i roto i tētahi huringa i waenga i te 727oC me te 127oC. E 6000 Joule te wera e mimitihia ana e te mīhini mai i tētahi puna wera-teitei. Ko te whai huatanga o te mīhini me te mahi e mahia ana e te mīhini i roto i te huringa kotahi ko…
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 727oC + 273 = 1000 K
Te pāmahana iti (TL) = 127oC + 273 = 400 K
Te wera e mimitia ana (QH) = 6000 Joule
I pātaihia Te whai huatanga (e) me te mahi (W) e mahia ana e te miihini i te huringa kotahi
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot :
Te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot :
W = e QH
W = (0,6)(6000)
W = 3600 Joule
12. Ka mahi te miihini Carnot i waenganui i te puna pāmahana teitei o te 527oC me te puna pāmahana iti 127oC. Ka mimiti te miihini Carnot i te 10.000 Joule o te wera mai i tētahi puna wera. Ko te nui o te wera i tukuna e te miihini i ia huringa ko…
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 527oC + 273 = 800 K
Te pāmahana iti (TL) = 127oC + 273 = 400 K
Te wera e mimitia ana (QH) = 10.000 Joule
I pātaihia Te wera i peia e te miihini mō ia huringa
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o tētahi mīhini wera tino pai (mīhini Carnot):
Ngā mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot:
W = e Q1
W = (0,5)(10.000)
W = 5000 Joule
Ko te wera e tukuna ana e te miihini mō ia huringa (QL) = te wera i mimitia (QH) – mahi kua oti (W)
QL =QH - W
QL = 10.000 - 5000
QL = 5000 Joule
Te wera e marara ana i te miihini mō ia huringa = 5000 Joules
13. Tāutuhia te whai huatanga me te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot i roto i te huringa kotahi i runga i te kauwhata i raro nei...
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 800 K
Te pāmahana iti (TL) = 300 K
Te wera e mimitia ana (QH) = 1000 Joule
I pātaihia Te whai huatanga (e) me te mahi (W) i mahia e te miihini Carnot
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot :
Te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot :
W = e QH
W = (0,625)(1000)
W = 625 Joule
14. Tirohia te kauwhata huringa Carnot ABCDA i raro nei!
E ai ki ngā raraunga o te kauwhata, ko te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot ko…
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
E. 35%
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Suhu iti (TL) = 350 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 500 K
I pātaihia Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot (e)
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot:
e = (TH - TL) / TH
e = (500 – 350) / 500
e = 150 / 500
e = 0,3
e = 30/100 = 30%
Ko te whakautu tika ko D.
15. I roto i te kauwhata PV e whai ake nei o te miihini Carnot, ko te puna pāmahana teitei ko 600 K, ā, ko te pāmahana iti ko 400 K. Mena pakihi Ko te wera e mahia ana e te miihini he W, kātahi ko te wera e tukuna ana i te pāmahana iti he...
A. W
B. 2 W
C. 3 W
D. 4 W
E. 6 Uru
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te pāmahana iti (TL) = 400 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 600 K
I pātaihia : Te wera i tukuna i ngā pāmahana iti (Q2)
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot :
e = (TH - TL) / TH
e = (600 – 400) / 600
e = 200 / 600
e = 1/3
Te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot :
W = e Q1
Whakaahuatanga: W = te mahi i mahia e te mīhini, e = te whai huatanga o te mīhini, Q1 = te wera e mimitia ana e te mīhini.
W = (1/3)(Q)1)
3W = Q1
KKa tukuna a Alor i ngā pāmahana iti :
Q2 =Q1 - W
Q2 = 3W–W
Q2 = 2W
Ko te whakautu tika ko B.
16. He rite te āhua o te kauwhata PV o te huringa Carnot ki te pikitia e whai ake nei. Mena wera ka tukuna ki te taiao 3.000 Joules, kātahi ko te wera e mimitia ana e te pūnaha ko…
A. 3.000 J
B. 4.000 J
C. 4.800 J
D. 6.000 J
E. 8.000 J
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te pāmahana iti (TL) = 500 K
Te pāmahana teitei (TH) = 800 K
Te wera i tukuna (Q2) = 3000 Joule
I pātaihia Te wera e mimitihia ana e te pūnaha (Q1)
Whakautu :
Te whai huatanga o te miihini Carnot :
e = (TH - TL) / TH
e = (800 – 500) /8600
e = 300 / 800
e = 3/8
Te mahi i mahia e te miihini Carnot :
W = e Q1
W = (3/8)(Q)1)
8W/3 = Q1
Q2 =Q1 - W
Q2 = 8W/3 – 3W/3
Q2 = 5W/3
3Q2 = 5W
W = 3Q2/5 = 3(3000)/5 = 9000/5 = 1800
KĀro ka mimitia e te pūnaha :
Q1 = W + Q2 = 1800 + 3000 = 4800 Joule
Ko te whakautu tika ko C.
Pūtake Pātai:
Ngā Pātai Ahupūngao Whakamātautau ā-Motu mō te Kura Tuarua/Kura Tuarua Mahi-ā-ringa
