Te Tātari i te Hanganga me te Hanganga o ngā Aorangi i roto i te Pūnaha Rā
He pūnaha ā-pūnaha uaua te pūnaha rā, e nohoia ana e ngā aorangi e waru, ngā aorangi iti, ngā asteroids, ngā comets, me ētahi atu tinana iti e porowhita ana i te Rā. I roto i ēnei mea, he mea tino pārekareka ngā aorangi nā te mea ko ō rātou hanganga ā-roto me ngā hanganga rerekē e whakaata ana i te hanganga tōmua o te pūnaha rā. Mā te tātari i te hanganga me te hanganga o ngā aorangi, ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa i a tātou ki te mārama ki te hanganga o te aorangi, engari ka whakakitea anō hoki tōna hītori wera, ōna hihiri ā-roto, tōna āhuarangi, me te āheinga noho pea. Mā te whakataurite i ngā aorangi i roto i te pūnaha rā, ka kitea he tauira mārama: ko ngā aorangi o roto he toka me te kikī, ko ngā aorangi o waho he mea hanga ki te hau me te hukapapa, ā, he nui ake te rahi.
1. Te Pūtake o te Hanganga: Te Rōnaki Pāmahana me te Kōpae Pūtaiao
He kaha te awe o ngā rerekētanga o te hanganga o ngā aorangi ki ngā āhuatanga o te kōpae protoplanetary e karapoti ana i te Rā taitamariki. I ngā rohe e tata ana ki te Rā, ka uaua te whakapūmau o ngā huānga me ngā matū pūngāwerewere - pērā i te wai, te haukini, me te methane - hei totoka nā te pāmahana teitei. Ko ngā mea anake e toe ana hei hanga aorangi ko ngā rauemi ātete pērā i te silicates me ngā konganuku (rino, nickel). Nō reira, ko ngā aorangi o roto (Mercury, Venus, Earth, me Mars) i hangaia hei aorangi whenua me te kiato teitei, te papa kohatu, me ngā matua konganuku.
I tua atu, i ngā rohe i tawhiti atu i te Rā, he iti iho te pāmahana, ā, ka taea te whakapūmau i te huka me ngā matū pūngāwerewere. Nā tēnei i taea ai te hanganga nui ake, tere ake hoki o te uho matotoru, ā, ka kukume mai i te nui o te hauwai me te hau hēriuma. Nā tēnei tukanga i puta ai ngā aorangi nunui: a Hūpiter me Hātare (ngā aorangi nunui), me Uranus me Neptune (ngā aorangi nunui, nā te nui o ō rātou "huka" i roto i te āhua o te wai, te haukini, me te methane i roto i te wai tino pēhanga).
2. Ngā Aorangi Whenua: Hanganga Paparua me te Matū Totoka
He rite tonu te hanganga o ngā aorangi whenua: he kirinuku, he koroka, me te uho. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā taipitopito, he rite tonu te ariā matua—ko te kaha ā-papa te take o te rerekētanga, te wehenga o ngā rauemi taumaha (ngā konganuku) ki waenganui, me ngā rauemi māmā ake (ngā silicate) ki waho.
a. Mekuri: Te Uho Nui me te Kiri Angiangi
He nui te mātotoru o Mekuri mō tōna rahi, e tohu ana i te nui rawa o te matua rino-nikara ki te rahi o te aorangi. E whakaarohia ana ko te matua o Mekuri te nuinga o te pūtoro o te aorangi, engari he angiangi tōna papa silicate. He maha ngā whakapae mō te takenga mai o tēnei matua nui: he pānga nui i tangohia ai te papa, he āhuatanga pai rānei mō te kohikohinga o te konganuku tata ki te Rā. Ko te mata o Mekuri he rua tawhito e kī ana i te iti o ngā mahi whenua.
b. Tāwhiti: Te "Mahanga" o te Ao me te Reinga Āhuarangi
He rite te rahi o Hine-ā-rangi ki a Papatūānuku, ā, he rite tonu te hanganga o roto: he pūtake whakarewa, he koroka silicate, me te kirinuku. Heoi, ko te rerekētanga nui kei roto i tōna āhuarangi matotoru rawa, he nui te hauhā waro, e hanga ana i te pānga kati kōtuhi tino nui. He tino teitei te pēhanga o te mata, ā, he rawaka ngā pāmahana hei whakarewa i te mata. I runga i te hanganga, e kiia ana ko Hine-ā-rangi he papa pārūrū, me ngā taunakitanga o te nui o ngā mahi puia. Ko te kore o te papa aukume kaha o te ao ka ara ake ngā pātai mō ngā āhuatanga o te pūtake me ngā mahi o roto o Hine-ā-rangi.
c. Papatūānuku: Te Rerekētanga Kaha me ngā Tekonika Pereti
Ko Papatūānuku te aorangi whenua me te hanganga tino rangahaua. Kua wehea tōna pūtake ki te pūtake wai o waho (rino-nikara) me te pūtake totoka o roto, e whakaputa ana i te papa aukume mā te pānga dynamo. He kirihou te koroka o Papatūānuku i runga i te tauine whenua, ā, ka whakahaerehia e ia te convection, e akiaki ana i ngā tectonics pereti. Kua wehea te kirinuku ki te kirinuku whenua matotoru ake, māmā ake, me te kirinuku moana angiangi ake, kiato ake. Ko te hanganga whānui o Papatūānuku ko te rino, te hāora, te silicon, me te konupora, e tohu ana i te ranunga o ngā konganuku me ngā silicates. Ko te noho mai o te wai nui me te āhuarangi pumau e motuhake ai a Papatūānuku i runga i te noho.
d. Māte: He Aorangi Toka me ngā Tohu Wai me te Pūtake Whakamatao
He iti ake a Mātaotao, nō reira ka tere ake te ngaro o te wera o roto. Kei roto i tōna hanganga he kirinuku papatahi, he koroka silicate, me te pokapū e kīia ana he nui te rino me te ranunga o ngā huānga māmā. He kaha ngā taunakitanga a Mātaotao mō ngā wai o mua—ngā awaawa, ngā kohuke wai, me ngā roto tawhito pea. He angiangi tōna āhuarangi ināianei, e whakahaerehia ana e te CO₂. Ko te ngoikore o te papa aukume o te ao e kī ana kua mutu te mahi a te dynamo pokapū, ka mutu te ngaronga o te āhuarangi mā te taunekeneke me te hau rā.
3. Ngā Aorangi Nui o te Hau: Hūpiter me Hānuere
Ko te nuinga o Hūpiter rāua ko Hātana he hauwai me he hēriuma, he rite te hanganga ki te Rā, engari he uaua ngā uho me ngā hanganga paparanga o rāua.
a. Hūpiter: Hauwai Whakarewa me te Papa Aukume Kaha
He matotoru te āhuarangi o Hūpiterā me ngā kapua o te haukini, te haukini hauwaiora, me te wai i ētahi hohonutanga. I te pikinga o te pēhanga ki roto, ka huri te hauwai hei hauwai konganuku—he āhua tauhou e taea ai te kawe hiko. Ko tēnei paparanga te take o te papa aukume kaha o Hūpiterā. Kei waenganui ko te uho, te "uho horapa" rānei, ka konatunatua pea ki ngā paparanga i runga ake. He nui ake ngā huānga taumaha o te hanganga o Hūpiterā i te Rā, e tohu ana i te mahi a te kohikohinga o te uho me te hopu i ngā rauemi totoka i te wā e hangaia ana.
b. Hātūrei: Te Nui Hau Māmā me te Pūnaha Mowhiti
He rite a Hānuere ki a Hūpiter engari he iti ake te matotoru toharite. Kei roto i tōna hanganga ā-roto he uho, he paparanga hauwai whakarewa, me te paparanga o waho o te hauwai ngota. He nui ake te pūngao e tukuna ana e Hānuere i tana e whiwhi ana mai i te Rā, nā te "ua hēriuma" pea (ko te hēriuma e tau ana ki raro i te roto), e tuku ana i te pūngao ā-papa. Ko ngā mowhiti rongonui o Hānuere he mea tito mai i te hukapapa me ngā matūriki toka, e whakaatu ana i te mana o ngā rauemi pūngoi i roto i te pūnaha rā o waho.
4. Ngā Aorangi Nui Hukapapa: Uranus me Neptune
E kiia ana a Uranus rāua ko Neptune he huka nui nā te mea he nui ake te "hukapapa" (wai, haukini, me te methane) i roto i a rāua, ki te whakaritea ki te hauwai me te hēriuma. Heoi, ko te kupu "hukapapa" i konei ehara i te mea he totoka pērā i te poraka hukapapa, engari he wai tino kaha, he ranunga pēhanga teitei rānei.
a. Uranus: Te Honga Motuhake me te Wera Iti o Roto
He tino piko te tuaka hurihuri o Uranus, me te mea nei "e takoto ana," e kiia ana he pānga nui tōmua. Ko tōna hanganga he āhuarangi angiangi H/He me te methane, e hoatu ana he tae kikorangi, kei runga i te papa wai-haukini-methane, me te pokapū toka. He iti noa te putanga wera o roto o Uranus ki te whakataurite ki a Neptune, e tohu ana i te rerekētanga o ngā nekehanga kawe wera o roto, te aukati rānei i te kawe wera i roto.
b. Neptune: He Kaha Ake, he Hau Ake
He rite te hanganga o Neptune ki a Uranus, engari he kaha ake te mahi a te rangi, ā, ko ngā hau tere rawa atu i roto i te pūnaha rā. E tohu ana tēnei he nui ake te pūtake pūngao o roto. Kei roto hoki i tōna hanganga o roto he āhuarangi H/He nui te methane, he koroka "hukapapa" pēhanga teitei, me te pokapū toka. He nui te wera o roto o Neptune e tukuna ana, e tohu ana he kaha ake te convection, he nui ake rānei te pai o te ngaronga wera i a Uranus.
5. Ngā Whakataurite Matua: Te Kiato, Te Āhuarangi, me te Whanaketanga
Ko te matotoru toharite he tohu wawe mō te hanganga: he matotoru ake ngā aorangi whenua nā te mana o ngā silicates me ngā konganuku, ko ngā aorangi nunui ia he māmā ake nā te mana o te hauwai me te hēriuma. Heoi, ko ngā rerekētanga ā-roto—pērā i te rahi o te matua, te noho mai o te paparanga hauwai konganuku, me te ōwehenga o ngā huānga taumaha—e tohu ana kāore i te ōrite te hanganga o te aorangi. He "pūranga" whanaketanga anō hoki ngā āhuarangi: i tino kaha a Tāwhirimātea nā te pānga kati kōtuhi oma, i ngaro te āhuarangi o Māta i te whakamatao me te ngaronga o tōna papa aukume, he pumau a Papatūānuku nā te huringa waro me te noho mai o te wai, ko ngā aorangi nunui ia i pupuri i ngā hau taketake nā te kaha o te taumaha.
Whakamutunga
Mā te tātari i te hanganga me te hanganga o ngā aorangi i roto i te pūnaha rā ka kitea he whanaungatanga tata i waenga i tō rātou wāhi hanganga, ngā rauemi whakauru, me te whanaketanga roa. I hangaia ngā aorangi whenua mai i ngā rauemi ātete, i wehewehea ki ngā paparanga matua-kiri-papa, ā, i whanake mā roto i ngā mahi matawhenua me ngā taunekeneke ā-hau. He rerekē, i hangaia ngā aorangi nunui mā te hopu i te nui o te hau me te hukapapa, ka hua ake he paparanga o roto me ngā pēhanga tino nui me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana ahurei pērā i te hauwai whakarewa. I te whanaketanga tonu o ngā misioni ā-wāhi me ngā tikanga tirotiro, kei te hohonu haere tō tātou māramatanga ki ēnei aorangi—me te whakatakoto i tētahi turanga nui mō te ako i ngā aorangi o waho me te āheinga o ētahi atu ao rite ki te Ao.
