Te Whakaurunga o te Pūngao Whakahou ki roto i te Hanga Whare
Kāore te whanaketanga o ngā hoahoanga hou e pā ana ki te ataahua, te mahi ā-wāhi, me te whakamarie o te kaiwhakamahi anake. I waenganui i te piki haere o te raruraru āhuarangi, te pikinga o ngā utu pūngao, me ngā tono ture e tino kaha haere ana, kei te werohia te hoahoanga kia whai wāhi atu ki te otinga. Ko tētahi o ngā huarahi tino whai tikanga ko te whakaurunga o te pūngao whakahou ki roto i te hoahoanga—te hoahoa i ngā whare ka taea te whakaputa pūngao ma, te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā wahie pūmua, me te noho whai hua puta noa i tōna huringa ora.
Ehara i te mea ko te "whakapiri" noa i ngā panera rā ki runga i te tuanui te whakaurunga o te pūngao hou. Kei roto ko te tukanga hoahoa mai i te tīmatanga: te aromatawai i te āhuarangi iti, te aronga o te rā, te ahunga o te hau, ngā hiahia pūngao o te hunga noho, me te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi me ngā pūnaha whare. Ina whakaarohia te pūngao hou i te wāhanga ariā, ka taea e te whare te noho hei kaihanga pūngao iti e hono ana ki tōna hoahoanga ā-kanohi, ā-hanganga, me ā-mahi.
He aha te hiranga o te Pūngao Whakahou i roto i te Hoahoa Whare?
Ko ngā whare te wāhanga nui o te whakapaunga pūngao o te ao, tae atu ki te whakamatao, te whakamahana wai, te rama, me ngā taputapu hiko. I roto i te maha o ngā tāone wera, pērā i a Indonesia, ko te kawenga pūngao nui rawa atu e ahu mai ana i ngā pūnaha hauhautanga. Mena he wahie pūngao pūmua te pūtake, ka whai wāhi tika te whakamahinga hiko o te whare ki ngā tukunga waro.
Mā te pūngao whakahou ka taea te whakaiti i ēnei tukunga. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā whare e whakaputa ana i ētahi o ō rātou ake pūngao he kaha ake te ātete ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu hiko me ngā whakararuraru tuku hiko. I te taumata hapori, ka taea e te whakaurunga pūngao whakahou te whakapakari i te ātete pūngao, inā koa i ngā wāhi tūmatanui he uaua ki te toro atu ki tētahi whatunga hiko pumau.
Mātāpono Taketake: Te Whai Hua Tuatahi
I mua i te whiriwhiri i ngā hangarau pūngao hou, ko tētahi mātāpono matua hei whai māu ko te whakaiti i ngā hiahia pūngao i te tuatahi. Mā ngā rautaki kore mahi pērā i te aronga o te whare, te hauhautanga whakawhiti, te atarangi, te karāhe mahi teitei, me te whakamarumaru tika ka taea te whakaiti i ngā kawenga whakamatao me te rama. Ko te iti o ngā hiahia pūngao, ko te māmā ake o te kapi i aua mea e te pūngao hou.
Hei tauira, he roa te whakamahinga o ngā whare toropika i ngā tuanui whānui, ngā whakatuwheratanga whakahaere, me ngā wāhi whakawhiti pērā i ngā papa hei whakaiti i te ngaronga wera. Ina whakakotahihia ēnei mātāpono me ngā hangarau hou (te whakaata pūngao, ngā rauemi whakaata, ngā mata paparanga), ka taea e ngā whare te whai hua ake i te pūngao me te kore e whakaiti i te whakamarie.
Ngā Hangarau Whakaahua-Porohiko (PV): Te Hangarau Tino Rongonui, Ngāwari hoki
Ko ngā panera rā photovoltaic te momo pūngao whakahou e tino whakauruhia ana ki roto i ngā whare nā te mea kua pakari ake te hangarau, kua iti haere ngā utu, ā, he ngāwari te tāutanga. He maha ngā huarahi e taea ai te whakauru i te PV ki roto i te hoahoanga:
1. PV tuanui (i runga i te tuanui)
Koinei te mea tino noa. Ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā tuanui papatahi, i ngā tuanui piko rānei kia taea ai te hopu i te hihi o te rā. Ko te wero ko te whakarite kia kaha te hanganga o te tuanui hei tautoko i te kawenga tāpiri, kia taea ai te tiaki, me te karo i te atarangi mai i ētahi atu mea pēnei i ngā tāke wai, i ngā parapet rānei.
2. BIPV (Hanga-Whakaurunga Photovoltaics)
Ko te BIPV he PV kua whakauruhia ki roto i ngā wāhanga o te whare, pērā i te tuanui, ngā matapihi tuanui, ngā rauemi o mua rānei. Ko ngā painga ko te whakaurunga tirohanga ma me te penapena rauemi nā te mea ka whakakapia e te PV ētahi wāhanga o te whare. Heoi, me kaha ake te whakaritenga hoahoa a te BIPV, tae atu ki ngā taipitopito hononga, te ārai wai, me te whakahaere wera.
3. PV hei taputapu whakamarumaru
Ka taea te hoahoa i ngā panera hei whakamarumaru rā whakapae, poutū rānei i ngā mata o mua. E rua ngā painga o tēnei: te whakaputa hiko me te whakaiti i te wera tika o te rā e uru ana ki te wāhi.
I roto i te horopaki hoahoa, me whai whakaaro ngā kaihoahoa ki te aronga me ngā koki pari, te atarangi pea puta noa i te rā, me ngā rautaki tāutanga e kore e whakararu i te ataahua whānui. Ko te mea pai ko te whakakotahi i te PV me tētahi pūnaha whakahaere pūngao, me te rokiroki pākahiko ki te taea.
Pūngao Pūngao Rā: He Whai Hua mō te Wai Wera
Haunga te PV, he otinga tino whai hua te pūngao wera o te rā (ngā whakamahana wai o te rā), inā koa mō ngā hōtēra, ngā hōhipera, me ngā whare noho e hiahia ana ki te nui o te wai wera. Ka whakamahana tika ngā kaikohi hiko o te rā i te wai, ka whakaiti i te whakapaunga hiko, hau rānei mō te whakamahana wai.
He māmā ake te whakaurunga o te pūngao rā wera i te pūngao rāhiko, engari me whakamahere tonu te wāhi mō ngā tāke, ngā paipa, me te urunga tiaki. I roto i te hoahoa whare, me whai whakaaro anō hoki ki te āhua o te tuanui me te whakaurunga ki ētahi atu wāhanga miihini mō te whakanoho o te pūngao.
Pūngao Hau Iti-Tauine: Pūmanawa engari he Horopaki
I ētahi wā ka whakaarohia ngā tāwhana hau iti mō ngā whare teitei, ngā wāhi takutai rānei he tere te hau. Heoi, kāore i te ngāwari te whakauru i ēnei tāwhana. Ka taea e ngā tāwhana te whakaputa haruru, te wiri, me te aueue, ka taea te whakaiti i te whai huatanga mena he kore pumau te rere o te hau nā te nui o ngā whare e karapoti ana.
Nō reira, ko te pūngao hau te mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi he rite tonu ngā āhuatanga o te hau, ā, me whakahaere i mua i ngā rangahau ā-rangi, ngā whakatauira rānei mō ngā Aromatawai Wai Rorohiko (CFD). I ētahi kaupapa, ka taea e ngā wāhanga āhua o te whare te "whakahaere" i te rere o te hau ki te tāpine, engari me āta hoahoa tēnei huarahi, ā, he nui ake te utu.
Ngā Pūnaha Papu Wera me te Pūnaha Ā-Whare: Pūmau, Whai Hua hoki
I ētahi wāhi, inā koa ko ngā wāhi he pai te āhua o te oneone, ka taea e ngā pūnaha papu wera whenua te whakapai ake i te pai o te whakamatao me te whakamahana. I ngā āhuarangi pārūrū, ko te whakamahinga noa ko te āwhina i ngā pūnaha whakamatao kia pai ake te mahi mā te whakamahi i ngā pāmahana whenua pumau.
Ahakoa he nui ake te haumitanga tuatahi (nā te keri, te tāutanga paipa rānei i raro i te whenua), he mea nui ngā painga mō te wā roa mō ngā whare he nui ngā hiahia HVAC pēnei i ngā whare tari me ngā whare hauora.
Koiora me te Hau Koiora: He mea tika mō te Tauine Hapori
He maha ake ngā whakamahinga o te koiora me te hau koiora i runga i te tauine ā-rohe, ā-hapori rānei, i te whakamahi i roto i te whare kotahi. Hei tauira, ko te tukatuka i ngā para koiora mai i tētahi whare noho, i tētahi whare arumoni rānei hei hau koiora mō te tunu kai, hei whakaputa hiko iti rānei. Mai i te tirohanga hoahoa me te whakamahere, me whakarato i ngā wāhi ratonga, ngā raina tohatoha, te whakahaere haunga, me ngā pūnaha haumaru.
Whakaurunga Pūnaha: Mai i ngā Whare Atamai ki ngā Whatunga Iti
Ko te whakahaere te mea nui ki te whai huatanga o te pūngao hou. Me whakataurite ngā whare e whakaputa ana i te pūngao ki te whakaputa me te whakamahi. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi mai ai ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Whare (BMS), ngā mita atamai, me ngā taputapu whakahaere kawenga. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā whare te whakahaere i te whakamahinga pūngao i ngā hāora whakaputa pūngao rā nui, te utu rānei i ngā pākahiko i ngā wā e nui ana te tuku.
I te whānuitanga whānui, ka taea e te ariā whatunga iti te tohatoha i te pūngao hou, te rokiroki, me te hiko tārua mā ngā whare maha. He tino whai hua tēnei mō ngā papa ahumahi, ngā puni, ngā whanaketanga whare whakauru rānei.
Ngā Wero Hoahoa me te Whakatinanatanga
Ahakoa he pai te ahua, he maha ngā wero e pā ana ki te whakaurunga o te pūngao hou:
– Ngā utu tīmatanga me te pūtea: He nui ake te haumitanga tīmatanga, ahakoa he iti iho ngā utu whakahaere. Ko ngā otinga ka uru atu ki ngā kaupapa pūtea matomato, te riihi i ngā panera rā, ngā kirimana mahi rānei.
– Te mahi tahi a ngā tohunga hangarau: me mahi tahi ngā kaihoahoa me ngā kaihoahoa hanganga, hiko, mīhini me te pūngao mai i ngā wāhanga tuatahi.
– Te tiaki me te urunga: me whai whakaaro te hoahoa ki te urunga haumaru mō te horoi i ngā panera, te whakatika i te inverter, me te tirotiro pūnaha.
– Ngā ture me te hononga: me mārama mai i te tīmatanga ngā whakaaetanga tāutanga, ngā paerewa haumaru, me ngā ture mō te kaweake me te kawemai i te hiko ki te whatunga.
– Te horopaki āhuarangi me te parahanga: i roto i ngā tāone nui te puehu, ka tere te paru o ngā panera rā, ā, ka heke te whai huatanga mena kāore he rautaki horoi.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakauru i te pūngao hou ki roto i te hoahoanga he taahiraa rautaki ki te hanga i tētahi heke mai iti-waro, whai hua-pūngao, ā, e ātete ana ki te āhuarangi. Heoi, ko tōna angitu e whakawhirinaki ana ki tētahi huarahi whānui: te whai huatanga pūngao taketake, te whiriwhiri hangarau e tika ana mō te horopaki, me te whakauru hoahoa maeneene, e rua i te tirohanga me te hangarau.
Ina taea e te hoahoanga te whakakotahi i te whakamarie o te tangata, te ataahua o te wāhi, me te whakaputa pūngao ma ki roto i te kotahitanga, ka mutu te noho hei kawenga taiao mō ngā whare engari ka huri hei hanganga hohe e whai wāhi ana ki te tāone me te ao. Mā te whakamahere tupato me te mahi tahi a ngā momo matauranga, ehara i te mea ka taea anake te whakauru i te pūngao whakahou - engari kei te piki haere te noho hei mea nui i roto i ngā mahi hoahoanga o nāianei.
