Ngā Tohu i roto i te Ahurea o Mua
He mea nui te tohu hei mārama ki ngā tāngata o mua, ahakoa he maha ngā wā kāore i tuhia te taonga tuku iho i mahue iho i a rātou. I te korenga o ngā tuhinga tuhituhi, ka puta ngā tohu mā roto i ngā tuhi ana, ngā āhua i runga i ngā taonga tuku iho, ngā whakaritenga kōhatu, ngā tauira tanumanga, tae noa ki te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi me ngā tae. Ehara i te mea he whakapaipai noa iho ngā tohu; ka taea e rātou te whakaatu i ngā whakaaro mō te ao, ngā whanaungatanga pāpori, te tuakiri rōpū, me te whakamārama a ngā tāngata o mua i te ora me te mate. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga te putanga mai o te tohu, ōna momo āhua, me te take he mea nui i roto i te ako i ngā ahurea o mua.
1. He aha te hiranga o ngā tohu i te wā o mua i te hītori?
I noho ngā tāngata o mua i roto i tētahi taiao uaua, pōrearea hoki: te hurihanga o ngā wā, te hopu manu kore angitu, te riri o ngā kararehe mohoao, me ngā āhuatanga taiao. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, he taputapu ngā tohu hei whakarato i te tikanga me te tikanga. I āwhina ngā tohu i te tangata ki te whakamārama i ngā āhuatanga ngaro, te here i ngā hapori mā roto i ngā kawa, me te whakapakari i ngā tikanga pāpori. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā tohu te mahi hei "reo" i tua atu i ngā kupu, e kawe ana i ngā karere puta noa i ngā whakatipuranga.
E pā ana hoki ngā tohu ki ngā pūkenga hinengaro: te āheinga ki te whakaaro ā-ira, te whakaaro i ngā mea kāore e kitea, me te hono i ngā taonga ki ngā tikanga motuhake. Ina whakairohia e te tangata ngā tauira ki roto i ngā wheua, ina whiriwhiria te tae whero hei pani ki ngā tūpāpaku, ina whakarite rānei i ngā kōhatu ki roto i ngā hanganga motuhake, he maha ngā wā he nui ake ngā āhuatanga o ēnei mahi i te mahi noa iho.
2. Toi ana: ngā whakaahua hei matapihi tohu
Ko tētahi o ngā taunakitanga rongonui o ngā tohu o mua ko te toi ana. Kua kitea ngā peita kararehe, ngā tohu ringa, me ngā tauira āhuahanga i ngā rohe maha o te ao. He maha ngā peita e whakaatu ana i ngā kararehe mohoao pērā i te paihana, te tia, te hōiho, te poaka mohoao rānei. Ko ētahi kua whakamārama noa i ēnei hei "pūkete hopu manu." Heoi, he maha ngā kairangahau e kite ana i te hiranga o ngā kawa: ka taea te kī he mana nui ngā kararehe kua peitahia, he wāhanga o tētahi pūnaha whakapono, he tohu rānei i tētahi hononga wairua i waenga i te tangata me te taiao.
He mea whakamīharo hoki ngā tauira ringaringa. Ko ngā whakaahua ā-ringa i hangaia mā te pupuhi i te tae ki te ringa e pēhi ana ki te pakitara o te ana ka taea te pānui hei tohu i te aroaro: "I konei ahau." Engari he hohonu ake anō hoki ō rātou tikanga—hei tohu tuakiri rōpū, hei wāhanga o te hui whakauru, hei momo "waitohu" ā-rōpū rānei e herea ai te hapori.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, ko ngā tauira āhuahanga—ngā rārangi, ngā ira, ngā pikopiko, ngā porowhita—he maha ngā wā ka puta mai, kāore he whakaaturanga mārama. Nā te āhua whakarāpopoto, he maha ngā whakamaoritanga e puta mai ana i ēnei tauira: hei tohu tatau, hei mapi, hei maramataka ā-wā, hei whakaaturanga o te oro me te kanikani, hei "waehere" kawa rānei. Ko te uauatanga matua ko te kore e taea te pātai tika he aha te tikanga o aua tauira, engari ko te whakahokinga o ngā tauira i ngā wāhi rerekē e kī ana he tikanga kua whakaaetia.
3. Ngā whakapakoko me ngā whakaaturanga tinana: ngā tohu o te momonatanga me te tuakiri
Ko ngā taonga tuku iho e whakaatu ana i ngā āhua tangata, inā koa ngā āhua wahine e aro nui ana ki ngā wāhanga tinana motuhake, he maha ngā wā e hono ana ki ngā tohu momona. I roto i ētahi kitenga onamata, e whakaatu ana ēnei āhua i te puku, i ngā ū, i ngā hope rānei. E kiia ana ēnei e ngā whakamaoritanga rongonui he tohu momona, he haputanga, he "Papatūānuku" rānei. Heoi, he ngāwari ake te whakamaoritanga kotahi pēnei: tera pea e hono ana ngā āhua ki te mana pāpori, ki ngā tūranga karakia, ki ngā whakaaturanga tino pai rānei.
E kitea ana hoki te tohu tinana i roto i ngā whakapaipai: he hei, he poroporo, he potae rānei i hangaia mai i ngā angaanga, i ngā niho kararehe, i ngā wheua, me ngā kōhatu. Kāore ēnei taonga e hiahiatia ana mō te oranga tonutanga, engari he mea nui hei whakaū i te tuakiri—ko wai "tātou", ko wai "rātou", me te tūranga o te tangata i roto i te hapori.
4. Ngā taputapu me ngā whakapaipai: ngā mahi whai tikanga kei roto te tikanga
He maha ngā taonga tuku iho o mua, pērā i ngā toki kōhatu, i ngā pere rānei, i hangaia mō ngā mahi whai hua. Heoi, ko ētahi he whakairo, he āhua ōrite, he rauemi rānei ehara i te mea nō te rohe, ā, me i kawemai mai i tawhiti. E whakaatu ana tēnei he maha ngā wā ka haere tahi te uara tohu me te uara whai hua.
Hei tauira, ko ngā taputapu i hangaia ki ngā kōhatu onge, tera pea i whakamahia hei tohu mana, hei koha rānei i waenga i ngā rōpū. Ko ngā whakapaipai iti, i haria, tera pea i whakamahia hei "tohu whanaungatanga" - hei whakamahara i ō rātou rangatira ki ngā tūpuna, ki ngā huihuinga nui, ki ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero rānei. I roto i tēnei horopaki, i hono tata te tohu ki te ōhanga me te tōrangapū o mua: ehara i te mea he taonga noa iho ngā taonga, engari he kawe tikanga me te mana.
5. Ngā tikanga nehunga me te mate: ngā tohu o te whakawhiti me te ao tūroa
Ko ngā tikanga nehunga tētahi o ngā puna kōrero whai rawa mō ngā tohu o mua. Ko te āhua o te whakatakotoranga o ngā tūpāpaku, ngā taonga o te urupā, te takotoranga o te tinana, me te whakamahinga o ngā tae pēnei i te kōkō whero e whakaarohia ana he whakaata i ngā whakapono mō te mate. Hei tauira, ko te kōkō whero e whakamāramahia ana he tohu mō te toto, te ora, te whānautanga anō rānei—me te mea ehara te mate i te mutunga, engari he whakawhiti.
Ko ngā taonga urupā—ngā taputapu, ngā whakapaipai, ngā kai—e whakaatu ana kei te "hiahia" tonu te tupapaku i tētahi mea, kei te hiahia rānei te hapori ki te whakahonore i a rātou i tētahi ara. Ko ngā rerekētanga o te momonatanga o ngā urupā ka tohu pea i ngā rerekētanga o te mana pāpori, te tau, te tūranga kawa rānei. Nō reira, ko te tohu o te mate e whakaata ana i te hanganga o te hapori ora i te wā kotahi.
6. Ngā hanganga kōhatu, ngā megalith, me ngā whenua tapu
I ētahi wā o mua, ka tīmata te tangata ki te hanga i ngā hanganga kōhatu nunui (ngā megalith), pērā i ngā menhir, ngā dolmen, ngā porowhita kōhatu rānei. Ahakoa he maha ngā tautohetohe mō tā rātou mahi tuturu, he maha ngā wāhi pēnei e pā ana ki te tūranga o te rā, ngā solstice, me ētahi atu āhuatanga whetū. E kī ana tēnei he hononga anō hoki ngā tohu o mua ki te wā, ki ngā maramataka karakia, me te raupapa o te ao tūroa.
Ehara te whenua i te papamuri noa iho; he wāhi tohu pea. Tērā pea ētahi maunga, awa, ana, me ngā toka he tapu, he wāhi huihuinga kawa, he tohu rohe rānei. Ko ngā kōwhiringa wāhi ōrite—hei tauira, e tata ana ki te puna wai, ki tētahi wāhi tirohanga motuhake rānei—e tohu ana i te mahere o te tikanga ki te wāhi matawhenua.
7. Tae me ngā rauemi: te reo wahangu o ngā tohu
I ngā ahurea o mua, ehara i te mea he ataahua noa iho te tae. Tērā pea he tikanga motuhake ō ngā tae whero, mangu, mā, kōwhai rānei. He maha ngā wā i honoa ai te whero ki te toto, ki te kaha, me te ora; te mangu ki te pō, ki te mate rānei; te mā ki te wheua, ki te wairua, ki te parakore rānei—ahakoa kāore ēnei tikanga i te whānui, ā, ka rerekē pea i waenga i ngā rōpū.
Waihoki, ko ngā rauemi: ko te niho o te kararehe mohoao he tohu pea mō te maia, te kaha rānei; ko te angaanga i uta he tohu pea mō te whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, mō te tohu mana rānei; ko te kōhatu motuhake he mea whiriwhiri mō tōna kanapa, tōna onge, tōna "motuhake" rānei. Ko te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi he maha ngā wā ka hoatu he tohu ki te mea e kiia ana he mea nui, he mea tapu, he mea whai mana rānei.
8. Te wero o te whakamārama i ngā tohu o mua
Ehara i te mea ngāwari te whakamārama i ngā tohu o mua. Ki te kore he tuhinga, ka whakawhirinaki tātou ki ngā horopaki keri whenua, ki ngā whakatairite i ngā wāhi, me ngā kupu whakarite ki ngā hapori tuku iho o nāianei. Engari me tūpato anō hoki ngā kupu whakarite: kāore e tika kia rite ngā tikanga o ngā āhua ōrite.
Ko te tikanga, ka whakakotahi ngā tohunga whaipara tangata i ngā huarahi maha: te tātari i ngā tauira auau, ngā rangahau whakamahinga-kakahu, te whakamātautau rauemi (hei tauira, ngā pūtake tae), me te hanga anō i te taiao. Ko te tohu tino whakapono ka puta ake ina tautokohia e ngā momo taunakitanga rerekē tetahi ki tetahi—hei tauira, he hononga o tētahi peita ki tētahi wāhi karakia, ka kitea ki tētahi taonga tuku iho, ā, ka whakaatu i tētahi tauira ōrite i roto i te wā.
9. Whakamutunga: ngā tohu hei tūāpapa mō te ahurea tangata
E whakaatu ana ngā tohu i roto i ngā ahurea onamata, mai i te tīmatanga, ehara i te mea i "ora" noa te tangata, engari i "hoatu hoki he tikanga." I tohu rātou i ō rātou tinana, i tito karakia, i whakapaipai i ngā taputapu, i peita ki ngā pakitara ana, ā, i tohu hoki i te mate. E tohu ana ēnei katoa i tētahi ao ā-roto uaua, i te whakaaro auaha, i te pūnaha whakapono.
He mea whakapoauau te ako i ngā tohu o mua, engari koinei tonu te uara: ko ia kitenga e whakamahara ana i a tātou ko te ahurea tangata e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā pūkenga tohu—te kaha ki te huri i ngā mea, ngā tae, ngā āhua, me ngā wāhi hei reo. Mai i ēnei tohu, ka whānau mārire ngā tikanga tuku iho, ngā tuakiri, me ngā huarahi ki te kite i tō tātou tūranga i te ao whānui.
