Te Whaipara Tangata me ngā Ariā Whakatakotoranga Rongonui
Ko te whaipara tangata he mahi pūtaiao hei mārama ki te hītori o te tangata mā roto i ngā tohu rauemi: ngā taonga tuku iho, ngā hanganga, ngā toenga kai, ngā wheua, ngā whenua, tae atu ki ngā tuhinga tawhito. Ko āna tikanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kerihanga whakahaeretia, te whakatau i te tau (hei tauira, te whakatau i te tau radiocarbon), te tātari taiwhanga, te mahere, me ngā whakamaoritanga e whakamatautauria tonutia ana e ngā kitenga hou. Heoi, nā te mea he maha ngā wā e ahua ngaro ana te hītori, ā, kāore i oti, ka noho te whaipara tangata hei whenua momona mō ngā ariā tinihanga rongonui. Ka horapa ngāwari ngā kōrero mō ngā iwi "huna", ngā hangarau tawhito "i raupatuhia e ngā kāwanatanga," ngā taonga tawhito rānei "kāore e ōrite ki te pūtaiao" - inā koa i te wā o te pāpāho pāpori.
E matapakihia ana i roto i tēnei tuhinga ngā take he tino whakamīharo ngā ariā huna mō ngā mahi keri whenua, ngā momo kereme e puta pinepine ana, ngā tauira rongonui, me pēhea te wehewehe i te mātauranga pūtaiao mai i ngā kōrero whakahihiri.
He aha i ngawari ai te whakauru mai o ngā mahi huna ki te Aromatawai?
He maha ngā take he mea nui te whaipara tangata hei kukume i te whakaaroaro whānui. Tuatahi, he pakarukaru ngā taunakitanga whaipara tangata. Kāore e kitea te "kōrero katoa"; engari, ka kitea e tātou ngā wāhanga me āta hono tahi. He maha ngā wā ka whakakīia ēnei āputa mōhiohio e te whakaaro auaha. Tuarua, he maha ngā wā he uaua ngā kitenga whaipara tangata, ā, me whai horopaki. Ki te kore he horopaki, ka āhua "rerekē" te taonga tuku iho, "kāore e taea" rānei ina he whakamārama ngāwari noa iho.
Tuatoru, e pā ana te whaipara tangata ki te tuakiri me te whakapehapeha: te takenga mai o tētahi iwi, whakapono, rōpū rānei. I tēnei āhuatanga, ka tino whakamātau te kōrero mō te "pono huna" nā te mea he mārama, he whakaari hoki ngā whakautu. Tuawhā, e pai ake ana ngā pāpāho rongonui ki ngā kōrero whakamiharo. Ko ngā pane kōrero pēnei i te "hangarau tawhito rawa" me te "taunakitanga o ngā tāngata whenua kē" ka tere ake te horapa atu i ngā pūrongo keri tikanga.
Ngā Tauira Whānui o ngā Ariā Whakatakotoranga Tūpuna
Ahakoa he maha ngā rerekētanga, ko ngā ariā huna mō ngā mahi keri whenua e whai ake nei:
1. Tērā ētahi kitenga e "whakakorikori ana i te hītori", engari e "huna ana" e ngā tohunga mātauranga, e ngā whare taonga, e te kāwanatanga rānei.
2. E kiia ana he pūtaiao matua he whakapono pono, e whakahē ana i ngā taunakitanga nā te mea kāore e tau ki ngā ariā kua whakapumautia.
3. Ka tangohia tētahi taonga tuku iho, tētahi wāhi rānei i roto i tōna horopaki, kātahi ka whakamāramatia noa.
4. Te whakawhirinaki ki ngā "āhua rerekē" kāore he manatoko, pērā i ngā whakaahua pōuriuri, ngā kōrero kāore i ahu mai i te pūtake, ngā kereme kitenga kāore he pūrongo pūtaiao.
5. Ngā kaupapa matua: te pupuri i te mana, te huna i ngā takenga mai o te tangata, te huna i ngā hangarau kore utu, me ērā atu mea.
He whai hua ēnei tauira ki te hinengaro, nā te mea ka puta te whakaaro kei roto te kaipānui i tētahi rōpū e "mōhio ana ki te mea ngaro".
Ngā Tauira o ngā Ariā Whakatakotoranga Rongonui i roto i te Arorangi
1. Ko Atlantis me ngā Iwi o te Ao kua Ngaro
Ko Atlantis tētahi o ngā kōrero rongonui, i ahu mai i ngā kōrero a Plato. He maha ngā ariā whakatakoto whakaaro e whakapono ana ko Atlantis tētahi iwi tino matatau i ngaro i tētahi aituā. He maha ngā whakapae a ngā putanga hou i mahue iho i a Atlantis ngā hangarau matatau, i horapa rānei puta noa i te ao.
Ehara te raruraru matua i te tūponotanga o tētahi tāone, ahurea rānei kua totohu—he tino tūponotanga ēnei i ngā wāhi maha—engari ko te kereme motuhake ko Atlantis te pokapū o tētahi ao whānui e taea ai te whakamārama i ngā piramita, ngā megalith, me ngā mātauranga whetū tawhito. I tētahi atu taha, e whakaatu ana te whaipara tangata he maha ngā auahatanga i puta motuhake mai i ngā rohe rerekē, i awehia e ngā taiao ā-rohe, ngā hiahia pāpori, me ngā whatunga hokohoko kua whakatūria.
2. Nā ngā tāngata whenua kē i hanga ngā piramita
E kī ana te kōrero mō ngā "kairangi o mua" kāore e taea e ngā tāngata o mua te hanga i ngā piramita, i ngā whakamaharatanga nui rānei, me te kore he āwhina a ngā tāngata whenua ke. Ko te tikanga, e ahu mai ana tēnei kereme i te whakaaro he iti rawa ngā hangarau o mua. Heoi anō, kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau whaipara tangata me ngā hangarau whakamātautau he maha ngā tikanga whaihua: ngā pūnaha arawhata, ngā mahi whakarite, ngā taputapu māmā engari whai hua, me te whakahaere rawa nui.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, he maha ngā wā ka warewarehia e ngā ariā o ngā tāngata whenua kē ngā taunakitanga pāpori: ngā tuhinga a ngā kaimahi, ngā toenga o ngā nohoanga, ngā tohu taputapu, ngā tuhituhi, me ngā mekameka tuku rauemi. He mea whakamīharo, ka whakaitihia hoki e ēnei kereme ngā āheinga o ngā hapori onamata, me te mea nei i "tukuna" ngā whakatutukitanga whakamiharo a te tangata ki ngā tāngata whenua kē.
3. "Taonga Taonga Kāore i te Wāhi" (OOPArt)
He kupu rongonui a OOPArt mō ngā taonga tuku iho e kiia ana he "tino matatau" he "kore e tawhito", pērā i ngā kōrero mō ngā pākahiko tawhito, ngā miihini hou e rere ana i runga i te waro tawhito, ngā mapi rānei e whakaatu ana i te Antarctica kāore he hukapapa. Ko ētahi kereme e ahu mai ana i te whakamaoritanga hē, i ngā kōrero tinihanga, i te horopaki whenua koretake rānei. Kei reira anō hoki ngā taonga tuku iho pono e pōhēhē ana, engari ko te pōhēhētanga tuatahi kāore e tohu i te whakatakoto kaupapa huna; koinei tonu te wāhi e hiahiatia ana te rangahau.
I roto i te pūtaiao, ehara ngā āhuatanga rerekē i te hoariri. Ko rātou te pūtake o te rangahau. Ko te rerekētanga, me tuhi ngā tuhinga e hiahiatia ana e te pūtaiao: te wāhi i kitea ai ngā mea, ngā paparanga oneone, ngā tikanga tau, me ngā tuhinga ka taea te whakamana. He maha ngā OOPArts rongonui kāore e tutuki i ēnei whakaritenga taketake.
4. Ngā Raina Nazca hei "Taunga UFO"
E kīia ana ngā Raina Nazca i Peru he papa taunga UFO nā te mea he nui, ā, ka kitea noa mai i te rangi. Heoi, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e te tangata te hanga i ēnei hoahoa nunui mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga ine māmā, ngā pou, me ngā taura. E pā ana ngā raina ki ngā mahi karakia, ki ngā tohu, me ngā whenua tapu, ehara i te mea ko ngā whakaritenga hangarau o te rererangi.
Mā te mārama haere ki te ahurea Nazca—tae atu ki ngā mahi uku, ngā whakaahua whakapakoko, me ngā tauira nohoanga—e whakaatu ana ko ngā whenua whenua he wāhanga o tētahi pūnaha whakapono, ehara i te tohu mō te haerenga mai o ngā manene.
5. Ngā Angaanga Karaihe me ngā Mea Rūpahu e Hoko Ana hei "Taunakitanga"
Ko ētahi o ngā taonga rongonui, pērā i ngā "angaanga karaihe," i whakatairangahia i mua hei taonga tawhito ngaro. He maha o ēnei i whakamātauhia i muri mai i hangaia i te wā hou (hei tauira, te rautau 19/20), i kitea mā te tātari i ngā karawarawa o ngā taputapu, te hanganga o ngā rauemi, me ngā tohu whakaputa. Ko ngā take pēnei e whakaatu ana i te hiranga o ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga me te takenga mai. Ko ngā taonga kāore i te mārama te takenga mai he tino ngoikore ki te rūpahu, inā koa ka whakaratohia e ngā mākete kaikohi me ngā mākete whare taonga he whakatenatena ōhanga.
6. Te Whakatakotoranga "I Whakamutua e te Arkeolosi"
E kīia ana kei te huna ā-ringa ngā tohunga whaipara tangata i ngā kitenga hei tiaki i te "kōrero whaimana." Ina hoki, kua pāngia te hītori o te pūtaiao e te whakaaro pākiki, te tōrangapū, tae noa ki te tukino - kāore he mara e kore e whai hua. Heoi, ko ngā tikanga whakahaere i roto i te whaipara tangata hou e akiaki ana i te māramatanga: ngā whakaputanga, ngā huihuinga, te tāruarua o ngā tikanga, me te arotake whakawhiti-taiwhanga. He tino uaua te huna i tētahi kitenga nui puta noa i te ao, i runga i te hononga o ngā kairangahau, ngā umanga, me ngā raraunga e whai wāhi ana.
He maha ngā wā, ko te mea e kiia ana he "wā kore" he kitenga kāore anō kia whakamanahia, kāore he horopaki pakari mō te paparanga whenua, kāore rānei i arotakehia e ngā hoa mahi.
Te Pānga Kino o ngā Ariā Whakatakotoranga ki te Arorangi
Ehara i te mea he "whakangahau" noa iho ngā ariā tinihanga. Tērā pea he tūturu ō rātou pānga. Tuatahi, ka taea e rātou te whakatenatena i te rapu taonga me te pahua i ngā wāhi, ka kino rawa atu ngā horopaki keri whenua. Tuarua, ka taea e rātou te whakawhāiti i ngā takoha a ngā hapori o te rohe, me te whakakino i te hītori hei mea ngaro noa iho, ehara i te mahi a te tangata. Tuatoru, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tinihanga mō ngā kaupapa tōrangapū: te kī "tika" ki te rohe, ki te tuakiri rānei mā te whakapohehe i ngā taunakitanga.
I tētahi atu taha, ko te hiahia o te marea ki ngā mea ngaro o mua he whai wāhitanga mātauranga—mēnā e anga ana ki ngā tikanga me ngā taunakitanga, kaua ki ngā mea whakahihiri.
Me pēhea te aromatawai i ngā kereme whaipara tangata hei karo i ngā mahanga whakatakoto whakaaro
Anei ētahi pātai whai hua hei āwhina:
1. He pūrongo pūtaiao, he tuhinga rānei kei reira hei tirotiro?
Ehara i te mea ko ngā ataata, ko ngā blog rānei anake, engari ko ngā rauemi kei roto ko ngā raraunga me ngā tikanga mahi.
2. He mārama te horopaki o ngā kitenga?
I hea i kitea ai, i tēhea paparanga, ā, i roto i tēhea tuhinga keri?
3. He rā kua manatokohia?
He aha ngā tikanga i whakamahia, ā, e hangai ana ki ētahi atu taunakitanga?
4. E hiahiatia ana he "peketanga" tino rerekē mō te kereme?
Ko ngā kereme whakamiharo e hiahia ana ki ngā taunakitanga whakamiharo, kaua ko te miharo anake.
5. Kāore rānei te kōrero e aro ki ngā whakamārama māmā ake?
He maha ngā "mea ngaro" he whakamārama hangarau, pāpori, ahurea rānei e tika ana.
Te Katinga
He matapihi te matawhenua ki te kanorau me te auahatanga o te tangata puta noa i ngā mano tau. Nā te mea he tino ātaahua te hītori, he maha ngā wā ka "tahaetia" e ngā ariā whakatakoto whakaaro e tuku ana i ngā whakautu tere me te whakaari. Ko te wero ko te wehewehe i te hiahia hauora mai i ngā kōrero e whakamahi ana i te kuware me ngā āputa mōhiohio.
Ina mārama tātou ki te mahi a te keri whenua—te hiranga o te horopaki, ngā taunakitanga paparua, me te whakatikatika whaiaro a te pūtaiao—kāore e ngaro te mīharo o mua. Engari, ka kaha ake te miharo: ko te kaha o te tangata ki te hanga, ki te urutau, ki te whakaaro, me te waiho i ngā tohu e taea tonu e tātou te pānui i ēnei rā, me te hangarau ngāwari noa iho.
