Te Rerekētanga i waenga i te Whakairo Tawhito me te Whakairo Hou
Ko te whakairo tētahi o ngā momo toi tawhito rawa atu, e hopu ana i te tirohanga a te tangata ki te tinana, ki te taiao, ki te mana, ki te wairuatanga, me te tuakiri. Mai i ngā āhua o ngā atua i roto i ngā temepara tawhito ki ngā whakaurunga toru-ahu e whakakī ana i ngā taiwhanga hou, kei te whanake tonu te whakairo i te taha o te wā. E rua ngā kupu e puta pinepine ana i te wā e kōrerohia ana te whanaketanga o te whakairo ko te whakairo tawhito me te whakairo o nāianei. He reo whakapuakitanga ēnei e rua, engari he rerekē te kaupapa, te momo, te tikanga, me te taunekeneke a te kaimātakitaki ki a rātou. Ka tirohia e tēnei tuhinga ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā mea e rua.
1. Te horopaki hītori me te horopaki ahurea
Ko te whakairo tawhito e pā ana ki ngā tikanga whakairo i whakawhanakehia i roto i ngā iwi tawhito me ngā wā i whakanuia ai ngā kaupapa o te tikanga, te rangimarie, me te whakaritenga—hei tauira, ko Kariki me Rōma o mua, me te whakaoranga o ngā āhuatanga ataahua rite i te wā o te Renaissance. I te wā tawhito, he maha ngā wā i hono tata ai te whakairo ki ngā umanga nui: te kāwanatanga, te whakapono, me te rangatira. Nō reira, he maha ngā wā i hangaia ai te whakairo tawhito mō ngā kaupapa tūmatanui me ngā kaupapa tohu: te whakahonore i ngā atua, te whakaora i ngā toa, te whakaū rānei i te mana o te mana.
I taua wā, ko te whakairo o nāianei e pā ana ki ngā mahi whakairo i whanake mai i te haurua tuarua o te rautau 20 ki nāianei. I puta mai i te horopaki o te ao hou e tere hurihuri ana: te noho tāone, te hangarau, te ao whānui, te arotake i te koroni, te whanaketanga o ngā pāpāho papatipu, me ngā uara pāpori e neke haere ana. He maha ngā wā ka mahi ngā whakairo o nāianei i roto i te ao o te kōrero me te whakamātautau—i ētahi wā ka wero i ngā tikanga, ka pātai i te tikanga o te "toi," me te whakanui i te wheako o te kaimātakitaki hei wāhanga nui o te mahi.
2. Te kaupapa me te mahi a te mahi
Ko ngā whakairo tawhito he mahi whakaatu, he mahi whakamaumahara hoki. I hangaia hei "tohu" mārama i tētahi mea: he tangata tino pai, he tangata hītori, he tangata whakapono, he tohu kororia rānei. Ko ngā uara matua i whaia ko te tika o te ōwehenga, te ataahua taurite, me te wairua rangatira. Nā tōna hononga ki tētahi kaitautoko motuhake (kaitāko), i te nuinga o te wā ka whakatūria ngā whakairo tawhito hei tohu whakamaumahara—he mea i hangaia hei tirohanga, hei mahara, hei whakahonore.
He rerekē, ko ngā whakairo o ēnei rā kāore i te aro nui ki te whakanui, ki te whakakororia rānei. He maha ngā whakairo o ēnei rā e mahi ana hei arotake pāpori, hei whakaaroaro whaiaro, hei tūhuratanga ariā rānei. Ka taea e te whakairo te noho hei reo mō te matapaki i ngā take taiao, te ira tangata, te tōrangapū tuakiri, te kai, te whara ā-rōpū rānei. Ehara i te mea ko te mahi a te whakairo he "whakapaipai" i tētahi wāhi i ngā wā katoa, engari he whakararuraru i te whakamarie o te kaimātakitaki me te whakaara ake i ngā pātai hou.
3. Kāhua tirohanga: te whakaaro pai, te herekore rānei i te āhua
Ko tētahi āhuatanga kaha o te whakairo tawhito ko te whakaaro nui ki te āhua. Ko te tinana tangata—ina koa i roto i te tikanga Kariki—e whakaatuhia ana me ngā ōwehenga tino tika, te hanganga ine, me ngā tūnga taurite. He mea whakamana ngā nekehanga, engari e mau tonu ana ki te kaupapa o te rangimārie. Ahakoa e whakaatu ana i ngā kare ā-roto, he maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria e te whakairo tawhito ngā whakaaturanga ātaahua, kāore e whakanuia.
Ko te ritenga kē kei roto i ngā whakairo o nāianei: te herekoretanga o te āhua. Kāore he whakaritenga kia whakaatu i ngā āhua tūturu. Ko ngā whakairo he mea whakarāpopoto, he kongakonga, he āhua rauropi kāore e tino kitea, he ranunga rānei o ngā mea o ia rā. I roto i ngā toi o nāianei, kaua e karohia te whakapohehe, te kore taurite, me te "kē" - ina hoki, ka taea e rātou te whakaatu i ngā whakaaro motuhake.
4. Ngā tikanga me ngā rauemi: tuku iho, whakamātautau rānei
Ko te whakairo tawhito e honoa ana ki ngā rauemi e kiia ana he rangatira, he pakari: he māpere, he kōhatu, he parahi, he rakau kounga teitei rānei. Ko ngā tikanga pēnei i te whakairo kōhatu me te whakarewa he mea nui ki te mahi toi. Ko ēnei tukanga e hiahiatia ana he tino tika, he roa te wā, me ngā pūkenga hangarau pakari. Nō reira, e kitea ana te whakairo tawhito ko te tihi o te mahi toi.
He nui ake te rere o ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana e ngā whakairo o nāianei. Ka taea e ngā kaitoi te whakamahi i te kapia, te kirihou, te karāhe, te papanga, te pepa, te rapa, ngā para ahumahi, ngā hikohiko, tae atu ki te mārama, te oro, me te whakaata ataata. Kei te whānui haere hoki ngā tikanga: te tā 3D, te whakarewa, te whakakotahi, te tāutanga, me te whakamahi i ngā taputapu matihiko. Kei te whakakorekore tēnei i te rārangi i waenga i te whakairo, te hoahoa, te hoahoanga, me ngā toi pāpāho hou.
5. Te whanaungatanga ki te wāhi: ngā taonga tūkotahi, ngā tāutanga me ngā wheako
Ko te whakairo tawhito he mea tū motuhake. Ka whakatakotoria ki runga i te turanga, i roto i te māra, i roto i te temepara, i roto rānei i te wāhi tūmatanui, kia tirohia mai i ngā koki rerekē, engari kia mau tonu te "pokapū" mārama. Ka porowhitahia e ngā kaimātakitaki te whakapakoko kia maioha ki te ataahua o tōna āhua, ngā taipitopito tinana, me te kounga o te mata.
He maha ngā whakairo o nāianei e whakaaro ana ki te wāhi hei wāhanga o te mahi toi. He maha ngā whakairo o nāianei e noho ana hei whakaurunga: ka taea e te mahi toi te whakakī i te wāhi, te ārahi i te ara o te kaimātakitaki, te whai wāhi rānei o te kaimātakitaki. I ētahi wā, kāore i oti te mahi toi me te kore te tinana o te kaimātakitaki e noho ana. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te wheako—ehara i te āhua anake—ka noho hei huānga matua.
6. Ngā tikanga tikanga me te whakamārama: karere kotahi, tirohanga maha rānei
He mārama noa iho ngā tikanga o ngā whakairo tawhito nā te mea i ahu mai i ngā kōrero tuku iho: ngā pūrākau, ngā karakia, ngā hītori, ngā tohu kāwanatanga rānei. Ahakoa e wātea ana ki te whakamārama, ko ngā whakairo tawhito e kawe ana i ngā karere pumau ake—hei tauira, te maia, te parakore, te mana rangatira rānei.
He maha ngā wā ka whakatuwherahia e ngā whakairo o nāianei he whānuitanga o ngā whakamārama. I ētahi wā, kāore ngā kaitoi e tuku whakautu whakamutunga, engari ka tono atu ki ngā kaimātakitaki kia hanga i ā rātou ake whakamārama. Ko te horopaki pāpori, ko te papamuri whaiaro o te kaitoi, tae atu ki te kōrero tōrangapū i te wā i hangaia ai te mahi, he mea nui pea ki te whakamārama. Ahakoa te koretake o te whakaaro, ka whakamahia tonutia hei rautaki hei whakaatu i te uaua o te ao hou.
7. Te tūranga o ngā kaitoi me ngā umanga
I roto i te tikanga tawhito, he maha ngā wā i herea ai ngā kaitoi ki tētahi kaitautoko: he kīngi, he hāhi, he kāwanatanga rānei. I tonoa, ā, i hangaia ngā mahi toi i runga anō i ngā paerewa ataahua motuhake. Kāore i te nui ake te hiranga o te ingoa o te kaitoi i te ahua e whakairohia ana, nā te mea ko te arotahi ko te whakaute i te kaupapa.
I tēnei ao hou, ka kitea ngā kaitoi he hunga takitahi me ō rātou ake whakaaro. He maha ngā wā ka puta mai ngā mahi toi i ngā rangahau, i ngā wheako, me ngā tirohanga arohaehae. Ahakoa he nui te awe o ngā whare toi hou pēnei i ngā taiwhanga toi, ngā kaitiaki taonga, me ngā whare taonga, he nui ake te mana o ngā kaitoi o ēnei rā ki te whakatau i te āhua, ngā kaupapa, me te reo o ā rātou mahi toi.
8. Ngā uara ataahua: te ataahua tuku iho, te ataahua wero rānei
He rite tonu te whakairo tawhito ki ngā ariā tuku iho o te ataahua: te ōritetanga, te ōwehenga, te maeneene, me te wairua rangatira. Ko te tika hangarau te mehua matua o te kounga, nō reira ko te whakairo "pai" he mea e āhua tino pai ana ki te titiro.
Kāore te whakairo o nāianei e whai tonu i te ataahua i roto i te tikanga tawhito. Ko ētahi mahi toi he āhua taratara, he pakarukaru, he kore whakamarie, he "kāore anō kia oti". Ehara i te mea he kore kounga tēnei, engari he paerewa rerekē. Ka taea e ngā mahi toi o nāianei te aromatawai i te angitu mā te kaha o tētahi whakaaro, te hiranga o tētahi take, te pānga kare ā-roto rānei ki te kaimātakitaki.
Whakamutunga
He maha ngā āhuatanga e rerekē ai ngā whakairo tawhito me ngā whakairo o nāianei: te horopaki hītori, te mahi, te momo tirohanga, ngā rauemi, te whanaungatanga ki te wāhi, te whakamaoritanga, me ngā paerewa ataahua. E whakanui ana te whakairo tawhito i te wawata, te rangimarie, me te whakaaturanga mārama, e hono pinepine ana ki ngā umanga nui me ngā uara kua whakapumautia. E whakanui ana te whakairo o nāianei i te herekoretanga, te whakamātautau, me ngā whakaaro, e tono ana i te kaimātakitaki ki te whakaaro nui me te wheako tika i te mahi i te wāhi.
Ahakoa he rerekē, kāore e tika kia taupatupatu ngā mea e rua. Inaa, mā te mārama ki ngā whakairo tawhito ka kitea ngā pūtake o te tikanga tirohanga a te tangata, ko te mārama ki ngā whakairo o nāianei ka kitea te reo o nāianei. Hei whakamutunga, ko ngā whakairo—arā, ngā whakairo tawhito me ngā whakairo o nāianei—he whakaata tonu i te whakamārama a te tangata i a rātou anō me te ao e huri haere tonu ana.
