Te Whakaaweawe mō te Whakairo Hou me ngā Tikanga Auaha
I te ao toi hou, kua whānui haere te whakairo o nāianei i tua atu i ngā āhuatanga ataahua tuku iho, me te whakauru i ngā momo tikanga me ngā rauemi auaha hei waihanga i ngā mahi toi whakamiharo me te whai tikanga. Ehara i te mea ka whakaoho noa te whakairo o nāianei i te kare ā-roto me te whakaaro mā roto i tōna āhua, engari he reo anō hoki hei kawe i ngā karere kaha mō ngā take pāpori, tōrangapū, me te taiao. Anei ētahi puna whakahihiko mō ngā whakairo o nāianei e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga auaha, me ngā tauira tūturu o ngā mahi toi whakamiharo.
1. Te Tūhura i ngā Rauemi Tauhou
Ko te tūhuratanga o ngā rauemi rerekē tētahi puna whakaaweawe matua mō ngā whakairo o nāianei. Kāore ngā kaitoi o ēnei rā e herea ana ki te kōhatu, te whakarewa, me te rakau anake; ka tūhuratia e rātou ngā pāpāho pēnei i te kirihou hangarua, te papanga, te karāhe, ngā para hiko, tae atu ki ngā rauemi rauropi pēnei i ngā rau me te kiri rakau. Ko tētahi o ngā tauira rongonui ko te mahi a te kaitoi Piritana a Antony Gormley, e hanga ana i ngā whakairo mā te whakamahi i ngā whakairo o ngā tinana tangata i hangaia mai i te whakarewa hangarua. He maha ngā wā ka whakaurua e āna mahi te taunekeneke i waenga i te tinana tangata me ōna taiao.
2. Te Whakamahinga o te Hangarau Mamati me te Tānga 3D
I tēnei ao matihiko, kua huakina e te hangarau ngā tatau hou mō ngā whakairo o nāianei. Hei tauira, mā te tānga 3D ka taea e ngā kaitoi te hanga i ngā āhua me ngā taipitopito uaua kāore i taea te whakatutuki ki te ringa tangata i mua. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitoi pērā i a Joshua Harker tēnei hangarau hei hanga whakairo me ngā hoahoa āhuahanga uaua kāore e taea te hanga mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tuku iho. Ko te mutunga mai he mahi toi e ahua ora ana, e neke ana ina tirohia mai i ngā koki rerekē.
3. Te Taunekeneke me te Ārai
Kāore ngā whakairo e wātea ana mō te mātakitaki anake; ināianei, ka taea te rongo me te wheako mā te taunekeneke tika ki te kaimātakitaki. Mā te whakauru i ngā hangarau pārongo me ngā hangarau taunekeneke, ka taea e ngā kaitoi te waihanga mahi e taunekeneke ana ki te hunga e karapoti ana i a rātou. Hei tauira, i hangaia e te kaitoi Tatimana a Daan Roosegaarde te "Lotus Dome," he whakaurunga taunekeneke e aro ana ki te aroaro o te kaimātakitaki. I ia wā ka whakatata mai tetahi, ka tuwhera, ka neke ngā wāhanga takitahi o te hanganga, ka hanga he pānga mārama whakamiharo.
4. Te Whakaaweawe mai i te Taiao me te Taiao
Ko te taiao me te taiao tonu te pūtake mutunga kore o te hihiri mō ngā kaiwhakairo. Engari, kaua e tārua noa i ngā āhua o te taiao, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā kaitoi o ēnei rā ngā huānga taiao hei waihanga i ngā mahi whakamiharo me te whai tikanga. Hei tauira, e mōhiotia ana a Heather Jansch mō āna whakairo hōiho i hangaia mai i te rākau i kitea i te takutai. Mā te whakarite toi i ngā wahi rakau, ka hangaia e Jansch ngā whakairo hihiri e āhua ora ana, e nekeneke ana hoki ngā kararehe.
5. Toi Tāone me te Whakairo Wāhi Tūmatanui
Kei te piki haere te kitea o ngā whakairo o nāianei i ngā wāhi tūmatanui, e taunekeneke ana ki ngā hoahoanga me ngā hapori tāone nui. Ko ngā toi tāone me ngā whakairo tūmatanui he whenua momona mō te auahatanga hangarau me te whakamātautau toi. Ko tētahi tauira whakamiharo ko te mahi a te kaitoi o Brazil, a Eduardo Kobra, e mōhiotia ana mō āna mahi pakitara nui me āna whakairo kaupapa kanapa. Ka whakamahia e Kobr te peita rehu me ngā tikanga tauira hei whakaatu i ngā whakaahua rongonui me ngā karere pāpori i ngā wāhi tūmatanui o ngā tāone nui.
6. Te Whakaurunga ki te Hoahoa Whare
Mā te whakaurunga o te whakairo me te hoahoa whare ka puta he mahi ataahua, he mahi whai hua hoki. He maha ngā kaitoi me ngā kaihoahoa whare e mahi tahi ana ki te waihanga i ngā whakaurunga e whakakorekore ana i te rārangi i waenga i te toi me te hanganga. Hei tauira, ko te whakairo "Cloud Gate" nā Anish Kapoor, kei Millennium Park, Chicago. He mea hanga ki te 168 pereti maitai kore waikura kua orohia, ā, he rite te āhua ki te pīnati nui, ehara i te mea he ataahua tirohanga anake tēnei whakaurunga engari he whakaata taunekeneke hoki o te tāone me ōna manuhiri.
7. Te Oranga Tonu me te Whakamahi Anō i ngā Rauemi
Nā te tipu haere o te mōhiotanga ki te taiao, kua awehia te tini o ngā kaiwhakairo o ēnei rā ki te whakaaro ki te pānga taiao o ā rātou mahi. E akiaki ana tēnei ia i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi hangarua me ngā tikanga pumau i roto i te hanganga whakairo. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e te tohunga toi o Belgian, a Pol Quadens, te whakarewa me te karāhe hangarua hei hanga whakairo huatau. Ehara i te mea he ātaahua noa iho ēnei mahi engari he karere nui hoki mō te tiaki taiao me te whakaiti i ngā para.
8. Ngā Kōrero Pāpori me ngā Kōrero Tōrangapū
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā whakairo o nāianei hei huarahi mō te kawe i ngā kōrero pāpori me ngā kōrero tōrangapū. He taputapu kaha ēnei hei whakaatu i ngā whakahē, i ngā whakaaro rānei mō ngā take tautohenga. Ko te mahi a te kaitoi a Ai Weiwei tētahi tauira, nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka whai tikanga tōrangapū hohonu ana whakairo. Ko tētahi o ana mahi rongonui, ko "Circle of Animals/Zodiac Heads," e whakaata ana i te taonga tuku iho ahurea, ā, e arotake ana i te whakahokinga mai o ngā mahi toi i pahuatia.
9. Te Whakakotahi i te Whakairo me te Ataata me te Pakiwaituhi
Ko tētahi huarahi auaha i roto i ngā whakairo o nāianei ko te whakaurunga o ngā huānga rongorau maha pēnei i te ataata me te pakiwaituhi. Mā tēnei huarahi ka taea e ngā kaitoi te waihanga i ngā mahi hihiri me te taunekeneke. Hei tauira, i hangaia e te kaitoi a Tony Oursler tētahi whakaurunga whakaata ataata e whakaatu ana i ngā kanohi kōrero ki runga i ngā mea toru-ahu. He tino rumaki te hua, ka hangaia he wheako ngaro me te wero mō te kaimātakitaki.
10. Te Tūhuratanga i te Mahi me te Tūranga o ngā Whakapakoko
Ka akiakihia hoki e ngā tikanga auaha ngā kaitoi ki te pātai me te tautuhi anō i te mahi a te whakairo. Ka tūhuratia pea e rātou ngā rohe i waenga i te whakairo, te whakaurunga, me te whakaaturanga. Hei tauira, ka whakakotahi te kaitoi rongonui o Hapani, a Takashi Murakami, i te whakairo me ngā āhuatanga o te ahurea rongonui me te ahurea rongonui o Hapani, ka puta he mahi kua noho hei tohu rongonui i roto i ngā toi o nāianei o te ao.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakaaweawe mō ngā whakairo o nāianei mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga auaha i ahu mai i ngā momo puna maha, ā, ka taea ai te whakaputa i ngā momo āhua ahurei, kanorau hoki. Ko te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi hou, te hangarau matihiko, te whakaurunga o ngā kare ā-roto, te mōhiotanga ki te taiao, me ngā kōrero pāpori ētahi o ngā āhuatanga maha e tūhura ana i ngā rohe tuku iho o te whakairo. I tēnei wā e huri haere tonu ana te toi, ka whakaratohia e ngā whakairo o nāianei he māramatanga hohonu ki te āhua o te māramatanga, te urupare, me te hanga a te tangata i te ao e karapoti ana i a rātou.
Ehara i te mea ka whakaohooho noa ngā whakairo auaha o nāianei i te whakamoemiti, engari ka tono hoki kia whakaaroaro tātou ki te tikanga hohonu o tō tātou oranga, tō tātou whanaungatanga ki te taiao, me ngā take e pā ana ki te oranga pāpori. I roto i ngā āhua me ngā momo katoa, ka whakaatu ēnei whakairo i te wairua auaha mutunga kore e whanake tonu ana i roto i te wā.
